NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions And Answers Latest Updates 2027

NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions And Answers Latest Updates 2027 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - ANSWER -E. Primarily women aged 20-40, Type III hypersensitivity. Antibodies are formed against DNA Genetic, leads to tissue damage. Exacerbated by infections, UV light, estrogen, meds, stress Diagnosed by serum ANA C.M. Butterfly rash (cheeks), photosensitivity, nonerosive arthritis of at least 2 peripheral joints, inflammation of serous sacs, proteinuria, seizures, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANSWER -E. Primarily women 30-50, systemic autoimmune disease Progressive, irreversible leads to deformity and disability Tx includes PT, NSAIDS, corticosteroids C.M. Joint inflammation, pain, destruction of synovial membrane, widespread symmetrical joint swelling, erythema joints warm to touch, loss of function, morning stiffness- improves with movement, weight loss, weakness, anorexia -Osis or -philia - ANSWER -Elevated count of blood cells -penia - ANSWER -Low count of blood cells Leukocytosis - ANSWER -Increase in number of total WBC Leukopenia - ANSWER -Decrease in number of total WBC Neutrophilia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Elevated neutrophil count From bacterial infections, inflammation, and necrotic tissue Neutropenia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Decreased # of neutrophils From liver disease, viral infections, drugs Eosinophilia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Increased # of eosinophils From allergic reactions and parasitic infections Eosinopenia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Decreased # of eosinophils From pancytopenia and steroid use Basophilia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Increased # of basophils From allergic reactions Monocytosis- definition and causes - ANSWER -Increased # of monocytes From TB infection or during recovery from an infection Monocytopenia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Decreased # of monocytes From steroid use of HIV infection Lymphocytosis- definition and causes - ANSWER -Increased # of lymphocytes From viral infections, lymphoma, or leukemia Lymphocytopenia- definition and causes - ANSWER -Decreased # of lymphocytes From AIDS, chemotherapy, or steroid use Which antibodies and antigens do each blood type have - ANSWER -A has A antigen and B antibodies B has B antigen and A antibodies AB has AB antigens, and no antibodies O has no antigens, but A and B antibodies What is the etiology, incubation, and mode of transmission for influenza - ANSWER -Comes from one of three types- A, B, C Transmitted via aerosol Incubation is 1-4 days (usually 2) What is the etiology, incubation, and mode of transmission for measles - ANSWER -Initial infection and viral replication occur locally in tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells. After 2-4 days, local lymphatic tissues are infected. Virus is disseminated to various organs, and rash appears. Transmitted by respiratory droplets, either airborne or on surfaces up to 2 hours Incubated 7-14 days (average 10-12 days) What is the etiology, incubation, and mode of transmission for HIV - ANSWER Virus enters bloodstream and begins seeking out the CD4 (T-helper cells). The virus fuses to CD4 cells and integrates with host's DNA. More CD4 cells become infected, and eventually rupture. Overall CD4 count is reduced, leaving patient susceptible to opportunist infections. Transmitted via bodily fluids-blood borne. Incubates as long as 10 years in untreated individuals. Discuss some clinical implications of solid organ transplant rejection - ANSWER -rejection is an immune response, mostly T-cell mediated. Slow process, Type 4 hypersensitivity Patients are highly susceptible to infections r/t use of immunosuppressants Describe the role of HLA in solid organ rejections - ANSWER -HLA is typed and matched on donor and recipient to decrease risk of rejection HLA is targeted response for rejection clinical manifestations of influenza - ANSWER -fever, sore throat, myalgias, headache, nasal discharge, weakness and severe fatigue, cough and other respiratory symptoms, tachycardia, red, watery eyes, pharyngitis clinical implications of influenza - ANSWER -prevention is key- vaccinate at 6+ months, annual diagnosed by rapid swab treat with antivirals- Tamiflu clinical manifestations of measles - ANSWER -fever 104, lasts 4-7 days, malaise, anorexia, 3c's- conjunctivitis, cough, coryza (inflammation of mucous membrane of nose), photophobia, periorbital edema, myalgias, Koplik spots