NURB 3040 Exam 1 Questions and Answers| New Update with 100% Correct Answers
medical asepsis includes all practices to confine microorganisms to a specific area.
-aka clean technique
-hand washing or wearing gloved
-limits the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms
-objects are referred to as soiled or contaminated
surgical asepsis -aka sterile technique
-used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms
-inserting a catheter or IV
the infection cycle consists of:
-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-means of transmission
-portals of entry
-susceptible host
it is a nurses role to break the cycle
Gram-positive bacteria Bacteria that have a thick peptido glycan cell wall, and no outer
membrane. They stain very darkly (purple) in Gram stain.
gram negative bacteria bacteria that have a thin peptido glycan cell wall and an outer cell
membrane. Do not stain
An organism's potential to produce disease in a person depends on a variety of factors,
including: -number of organisms
,-virulence of the organism
-competence of the person's immune system
-length and intimacy of the contact between the person and the microorganism
Colinization when normal flora of the body becomes harmful when certain factors occur or
the host is susceptible
common portals of exit Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
direct contact transmission requires close association between infected and susceptible host
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
indirect contact transmission spreads to a host by a nonliving object (fomites)
-nurses scrubs
means of transmission for staphylococcus aureus -contact (direct)
means of transmission of hep b contacts (indirect)
means of transmission of HIV contact (direct)
means of transmission for tb airborne and vectors
, means of transmission of borrelia burgdorferi contacts (direct)
means of transmission of E coli contact (ingestion)
means of transmission of salmonella contact (ingestion)
incubation period the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the
first symptoms
prodromal stage person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
full stage of illness presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period as a person begins to respond to the infection, symptoms decline
cardinal signs for acute infection redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function at the
site of injury
elderly are more prone to pulmonary infections because: -decreased cough reflex
-decreased elastic recoil of lungs
-decreased activity of cilia
-abnormal swallowing reflexes
elderly are more prone UTIs because -incomplete emptying of bladder
-decreased sphincter control
-bladder outlet obstruction due to enlarged prostate
-pelvic floor relaxation due to estrogen depletion
medical asepsis includes all practices to confine microorganisms to a specific area.
-aka clean technique
-hand washing or wearing gloved
-limits the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms
-objects are referred to as soiled or contaminated
surgical asepsis -aka sterile technique
-used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms
-inserting a catheter or IV
the infection cycle consists of:
-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-means of transmission
-portals of entry
-susceptible host
it is a nurses role to break the cycle
Gram-positive bacteria Bacteria that have a thick peptido glycan cell wall, and no outer
membrane. They stain very darkly (purple) in Gram stain.
gram negative bacteria bacteria that have a thin peptido glycan cell wall and an outer cell
membrane. Do not stain
An organism's potential to produce disease in a person depends on a variety of factors,
including: -number of organisms
,-virulence of the organism
-competence of the person's immune system
-length and intimacy of the contact between the person and the microorganism
Colinization when normal flora of the body becomes harmful when certain factors occur or
the host is susceptible
common portals of exit Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts
Breaks in skin
Blood and tissue
direct contact transmission requires close association between infected and susceptible host
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
indirect contact transmission spreads to a host by a nonliving object (fomites)
-nurses scrubs
means of transmission for staphylococcus aureus -contact (direct)
means of transmission of hep b contacts (indirect)
means of transmission of HIV contact (direct)
means of transmission for tb airborne and vectors
, means of transmission of borrelia burgdorferi contacts (direct)
means of transmission of E coli contact (ingestion)
means of transmission of salmonella contact (ingestion)
incubation period the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the
first symptoms
prodromal stage person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
full stage of illness presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period as a person begins to respond to the infection, symptoms decline
cardinal signs for acute infection redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function at the
site of injury
elderly are more prone to pulmonary infections because: -decreased cough reflex
-decreased elastic recoil of lungs
-decreased activity of cilia
-abnormal swallowing reflexes
elderly are more prone UTIs because -incomplete emptying of bladder
-decreased sphincter control
-bladder outlet obstruction due to enlarged prostate
-pelvic floor relaxation due to estrogen depletion
