CH. 15 PHYSIOLOGY IUPUI DR. CLARK PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION

CH. 15 PHYSIOLOGY IUPUI DR. CLARK PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION 1) What is NOT a function of cerumen? - ANSWER Cerumen enhances sound transmission into the ear canal. 2) What separates the outer ear from the middle ear? - ANSWER tympanic membrane 3) Which auditory ossicle is connected to the tympanic membrane? - ANSWER malleus 4) What equalizes pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane? - ANSWER pharyngotympanic tube (eustachian tube) 5) What creates the boundary between the air-filled middle ear and the fluid-filled inner ear? - ANSWER oval window 6) If the stapedius muscle is unable to reduce movement of the ossicles as a unit, how is hearing affected? - ANSWER Sounds will be louder than normal. 7) The vibrations received by the tympanic membrane are transferred to the oval window by the: - ANSWER auditory ossicles. 8) What is NOT part of the inner ear? - ANSWER tympanic membrane 9) What part of the inner ear is involved in hearing? - ANSWER cochlea 10) What cranial nerve carries information about hearing and head movement to the brain? - ANSWER vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) 11) The receptor cells of the semicircular canals are located in the: - ANSWER ampullae 12) Standing still in an elevator that suddenly lowers stimulates receptors in the: - ANSWER utricle and saccule 13) What supports the spiral organ (organ of Corti)? - ANSWER basilar membrane 14) photoreceptors are absent from the optic disc - ANSWER The optic disc is known as the blind spot because: 15) chemoreceptors - ANSWER Olfactory and gustatory receptors are classified as which receptor type based on stimulus type received? 16) they detect chemicals in food & air - ANSWER Why are olfactory and gustatory receptors categorized as chemoreceptors? 17) aqueous - ANSWER What fluid is found in the anterior chamber? 18) posterior cavity - ANSWER Which structure is filled with vitreous humor? 19) chemoreceptors - ANSWER The receptors for smell and taste are 20) the sensory receptors for smell are rapidly adapting receptors - ANSWER A few minutes after spraying perfume on yourself, you don't smell the perfume anymore, even though people you come in contact with can smell it. One possible explanation is that _______ 21) lamellated corpuscle - ANSWER Which mechanoreceptor detects deep pressure? 22) first order neuron - ANSWER A typical somatic sensory neuron is classified as a: 23) Skeletal muscle atrophy may occur. - ANSWER Predict the effects of damage to the lower motor neuron. 24) One may not know where their body part or limbs are relative to space. - ANSWER 25) There may be a lack of coordination while walking. - ANSWER 26) ALL ARE CORRECT - ANSWER Damage of proprioceptors or sensory neurons that communicate with the cerebellum will cause which of the following? 27) malleous - ANSWER Which auditory ossicle is connected to the tympanic membrane? 28) Sound is not transmitted from the tympanic membrane to the oval window - ANSWER Which of the following statements best explains why disorders that damage the auditory ossicles often result in hearing loss? 29) rods exposed to bright light need time to regenerate rhodopsin. - ANSWER Having to adjust to a dark room after walking in from bright light is because: 30) retinal - ANSWER What pigment is derived from vitamin A? 31) scala media - ANSWER Which of these chambers contain(s) endolymph? 32) cornea and lens - ANSWER Which of the following parts of the eye refract light to focus it on the retina? 33) move forward more slowly than the hair cells - ANSWER If you are standing still and then you start moving forward, the endolymph in your inner ear will _________ 34) hearing - ANSWER A person who has a cochlear implant needs this device for: 35) Anterior to the retina - ANSWER If your vision is normal and you put on your hyperopic friend's glasses, where is the focal point located in relationship to the retina? 36) Her eyeballs are too short - ANSWER Twenty-year-old Leslie learned she is hyperopic after having her eyes examined. What best describes her eye condition? 37) depolarized - ANSWER In the dark (absence of a stimulus), the photoreceptors are: 38) tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, oval window, perilymph, scala vestibuli of the cochlea. - ANSWER As sound waves travel into the ear, they pass from the auditory canal to the 39) basilar membrane - ANSWER What supports the spiral organ (organ of Corti)? 40) linear acceleration and head tilting. - ANSWER The otolithic membrane plays a role in the detection of: 41) Cerumen enhances sound transmission into the ear canal. - ANSWER What is NOT a function of cerumen? 42) utricle - ANSWER You feel dizzy and lose your balance whenever you tilt your head back to look at the sky. In which part of the inner ear is dysfunction likely causing your symptoms? 43) cranial nerves only - ANSWER What nerves carry information about the special senses to the CNS? 44) thalamus - ANSWER To what part of the brain are both general and most special senses carried? 45) special cells that transduce stimuli into electrical signals. - ANSWER Special senses, such as sight and sound, are detected by: 46) True - ANSWER In both general and (most) special sensation, information is first processed by sensory nuclei and then transmitted to the thalamus and to primary cortex areas for awareness and identification. True or False? 47) Basal Cells - ANSWER The stem cells that develop into olfactory neurons 48) G-protein - ANSWER The activated ___________ triggers the enzyme adenylate cyclase to convert ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP). 49) Olfactory neuron - ANSWER An _______________ has a lifespan of only 30-60 days because of its highly exposed location; the basal cells ensure the continual replacement of olfactory neurons. 50) cAMP - ANSWER In olfaction, activation of G-protein-coupled receptors leads to the formation of __________. 51) adenylate cyclase - ANSWER The activated G-protein triggers the enzyme ________________ to convert ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP). 52) mitral cells in the olfactory bulb - ANSWER Olfactory neurons synapse with __________.