6022 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM 1 | COMPLETE AND GRADED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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1. what percentage od DNA genes code for protein: 1%
2. how many bases make up a codon: a sequence of 3 bases
3. polypeptides are made of: amino acids
4. proteins are made of: one or more polypeptides
5. DNA strands are untwisted and unzipped by what: helicase 6. role of DNA polymerase: pairs complementary
bases
addes new nucleotides and "proofs" the new DNA strand (if not correct nucleotide is excised and replaced)
7. where does mRNA move from: out of nucleus and into cytoplasm
8. when RNA is synthesized from the DNA template, what is formed: messenger RNA (mRNA)
9. site of protein synthesis: ribosome
10. How does RNA direct the synthesis of a polypeptide: via the interaction with tRNA
11. tRNA contains: a triplet of bases (anticodon) complementary to a triad of bases on the mRNA strand (codon)
12. When the ribosome arrives at a termination signal on the mRNA sequence, what happens: translation and
polypeptide formation ceases
13. aneuploidy: A cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes
14. trisonomy: cell containing 3 copies of one chromosome
15. monosomy: presence of only one copy of any chromosome
, 16. which "somy" is typically lethal: monosomy
"it is better to have extra than less"
17. disjunction: normal separation of chromosomes during cell division
18. nondisjunction: Usually the cause of aneuploidy
Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis`
19. Turner syndrome: individuals have only one X chromosome
20. characteristics of turner syndrome: absence of ovaries or not fully developed (sterile)
short stature webbing
of neck widely spaced
nippled
21. teenagers with Turner Syndrome receive what?: estrogen (helps prevent osteoporosis)
22. Klinefelter Syndrome: individuals with at least 1 Y chromosome and at least 2 X chromosomes (XXY)
23 What is the most common sex chromosomal disorder in males: klinefelter syndrome
24. as a mother ages what is more likely to happen: more lielly for child to have gene
mutations
(klinefelter, downs, etc)
25. deletions: chromosome breakge or loss of DNA 26. Cri-du-chat: DELETION
low birth weight, sever cognitive impairment, and microcephaly
27. duplications: excess genetic material usually have less serious consequences
28. inversion: chromosomal rearrangement in which a chromosome segment is inverted
USUALLY AFFECTS OFFSPRING
29. reciprocal translocation: breaks take place in two different chromosomes and the material is exchanged
2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100% GRADED CORRECT | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS |
GET A+
1. what percentage od DNA genes code for protein: 1%
2. how many bases make up a codon: a sequence of 3 bases
3. polypeptides are made of: amino acids
4. proteins are made of: one or more polypeptides
5. DNA strands are untwisted and unzipped by what: helicase 6. role of DNA polymerase: pairs complementary
bases
addes new nucleotides and "proofs" the new DNA strand (if not correct nucleotide is excised and replaced)
7. where does mRNA move from: out of nucleus and into cytoplasm
8. when RNA is synthesized from the DNA template, what is formed: messenger RNA (mRNA)
9. site of protein synthesis: ribosome
10. How does RNA direct the synthesis of a polypeptide: via the interaction with tRNA
11. tRNA contains: a triplet of bases (anticodon) complementary to a triad of bases on the mRNA strand (codon)
12. When the ribosome arrives at a termination signal on the mRNA sequence, what happens: translation and
polypeptide formation ceases
13. aneuploidy: A cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes
14. trisonomy: cell containing 3 copies of one chromosome
15. monosomy: presence of only one copy of any chromosome
, 16. which "somy" is typically lethal: monosomy
"it is better to have extra than less"
17. disjunction: normal separation of chromosomes during cell division
18. nondisjunction: Usually the cause of aneuploidy
Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis or mitosis`
19. Turner syndrome: individuals have only one X chromosome
20. characteristics of turner syndrome: absence of ovaries or not fully developed (sterile)
short stature webbing
of neck widely spaced
nippled
21. teenagers with Turner Syndrome receive what?: estrogen (helps prevent osteoporosis)
22. Klinefelter Syndrome: individuals with at least 1 Y chromosome and at least 2 X chromosomes (XXY)
23 What is the most common sex chromosomal disorder in males: klinefelter syndrome
24. as a mother ages what is more likely to happen: more lielly for child to have gene
mutations
(klinefelter, downs, etc)
25. deletions: chromosome breakge or loss of DNA 26. Cri-du-chat: DELETION
low birth weight, sever cognitive impairment, and microcephaly
27. duplications: excess genetic material usually have less serious consequences
28. inversion: chromosomal rearrangement in which a chromosome segment is inverted
USUALLY AFFECTS OFFSPRING
29. reciprocal translocation: breaks take place in two different chromosomes and the material is exchanged
