GNRS 558 ACTUAL EXAM 2 | COMPLETE AND GRADED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100% GRADED CORRECT | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS |
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1. A 53-year-old male patient with deep partial-thickness burns from a chemical spill in the workplace experiences severe
pain followed by nausea during dressing changes. Which action will be most useful in decreasing the patient's
nausea?
a. Keep the patient NPO for 2 hours before and after dressing changes.
b. Avoid performing dressing changes close to the patient's mealtimes.
c. Administer the prescribed morphine sulfate before dressing changes.
d. Give the ordered prochlorperazine (Compazine) before dressing changes.: -
ANS: C
Because the patient's nausea is associated with severe pain, it is likely that it is precipitated by stress and pain. The best
treatment will be to provide adequate pain medication before dressing changes. The nurse should avoid doing painful
procedures close to mealtimes, but nausea/vomiting that occur at other times also should be addressed. Keeping the patient
NPO does not address the reason for the nausea and vomiting and will have an adverse effect on the patient's nutrition.
Administration of antiemetics is not the best choice for a patient with nausea caused by pain
2. Which item should the nurse offer to the patient who is to restart oral intake after being NPO due to nausea and
vomiting?
a. Glass of orange juice
b. Dish of lemon gelatin
,c. Cup of coffee with cream
d. Bowl of hot chicken broth: ANS: B
Clear cool liquids are usually the first foods started after a patient has been nauseated. Acidic foods such as orange juice,
very hot foods, and coffee are poorly tolerated when patients have been nauseated
3. A 38-year old woman receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer develops a
Candida albicans oral infection. The nurse will anticipate the need for
a. hydrogen peroxide rinses.
b. the use of antiviral agents.
c. administration of nystatin (Mycostatin) tablets.
d. referral to a dentist for professional tooth cleaning.: ANS: C
Candida albicans is treated with an antifungal such as nystatin. Oral saltwater rinses may be used but will not cure
the infection. Antiviral agents are used for viral infections such as herpes simplex. Referral to a dentist is indicated for
gingivitis but not for Candida infection
4. Which finding in the mouth of a patient who uses smokeless tobacco is suggestive of oral cancer?
a. Bleeding during tooth brushing
b. Painful blisters at the lip border
c. Red, velvety patches on the buccal mucosa
d. White, curdlike plaques on the posterior tongue: ANS: C
A red, velvety patch suggests erythroplasia, which has a high incidence (greater than 50%) of progression to squamous cell
carcinoma. The other lesions are suggestive of acute processes (e.g., gingivitis, oral candidiasis, herpes simplex).
,5. Which information will the nurse include when teaching adults to decrease the risk for cancers of the tongue and
buccal mucosa?
a. Avoid use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco.
b. Use sunscreen when outside even on cloudy days.
c. Complete antibiotic courses used to treat throat infections.
d. Use antivirals to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections.: ANS: A
Tobacco use greatly increases the risk for oral cancer. Acute throat infections do not increase the risk for oral cancer,
although chronic irritation of the oral mucosa does increase risk. Sun exposure does not increase the risk for cancers of
the buccal mucosa. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with an increased risk, but HSV infection is not
a risk factor for oral cancer
6. A 46-year-old female with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is experiencing increasing discomfort. Which patient
statement indicates that additional teaching about GERD is needed?
a. "I take antacids between meals and at bedtime each night."
b. "I sleep with the head of the bed elevated on 4-inch blocks."
c. "I eat small meals during the day and have a bedtime snack."
d. "I quit smoking several years ago, but I still chew a lot of gum.": ANS: C
GERD is exacerbated by eating late at night, and the nurse should plan to teach the patient to avoid eating at bedtime.
The other patient actions are appropriate to control symptoms of GERD
7. A 68-year-old male patient with a stroke is unconscious and unresponsive to stimuli. After learning that the patient has
a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the nurse will plan to do frequent assessments of the patient's
, a. apical pulse.
b. bowel sounds.
c. breath sounds.
d. abdominal girth.: ANS: C
Because GERD may cause aspiration, the unconscious patient is at risk for developing aspiration pneumonia. Bowel
sounds, abdominal girth, and apical pulse will not be affected by the patient's stroke or GERD and do not require more
frequent monitoring than the routine
8. The nurse explaining esomeprazole (Nexium) to a patient with recurring heartburn describes that the medication
a. reduces gastroesophageal reflux by increasing the rate of gastric emptying.
b. neutralizes stomach acid and provides relief of symptoms in a few minutes.
c. coats and protects the lining of the stomach and esophagus from gastric acid.
d. treats gastroesophageal reflux disease by decreasing stomach acid produc-tion.: ANS: D
The proton pump inhibitors decrease the rate of gastric acid secretion. Promotility drugs such as metoclopramide
(Reglan) increase the rate of gastric emptying. Cryoprotective medications such as sucralfate (Carafate) protect the
stomach. Antacids neutralize stomach acid and work rapidly
9. Which patient choice for a snack 2 hours before bedtime indicates that the nurse's teaching about gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD) has been effective?
a. Chocolate pudding
b. Glass of low-fat milk
c. Cherry gelatin with fruit
2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100% GRADED CORRECT | 100% GUARANTEED TO PASS |
GET A+
1. A 53-year-old male patient with deep partial-thickness burns from a chemical spill in the workplace experiences severe
pain followed by nausea during dressing changes. Which action will be most useful in decreasing the patient's
nausea?
a. Keep the patient NPO for 2 hours before and after dressing changes.
b. Avoid performing dressing changes close to the patient's mealtimes.
c. Administer the prescribed morphine sulfate before dressing changes.
d. Give the ordered prochlorperazine (Compazine) before dressing changes.: -
ANS: C
Because the patient's nausea is associated with severe pain, it is likely that it is precipitated by stress and pain. The best
treatment will be to provide adequate pain medication before dressing changes. The nurse should avoid doing painful
procedures close to mealtimes, but nausea/vomiting that occur at other times also should be addressed. Keeping the patient
NPO does not address the reason for the nausea and vomiting and will have an adverse effect on the patient's nutrition.
Administration of antiemetics is not the best choice for a patient with nausea caused by pain
2. Which item should the nurse offer to the patient who is to restart oral intake after being NPO due to nausea and
vomiting?
a. Glass of orange juice
b. Dish of lemon gelatin
,c. Cup of coffee with cream
d. Bowl of hot chicken broth: ANS: B
Clear cool liquids are usually the first foods started after a patient has been nauseated. Acidic foods such as orange juice,
very hot foods, and coffee are poorly tolerated when patients have been nauseated
3. A 38-year old woman receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer develops a
Candida albicans oral infection. The nurse will anticipate the need for
a. hydrogen peroxide rinses.
b. the use of antiviral agents.
c. administration of nystatin (Mycostatin) tablets.
d. referral to a dentist for professional tooth cleaning.: ANS: C
Candida albicans is treated with an antifungal such as nystatin. Oral saltwater rinses may be used but will not cure
the infection. Antiviral agents are used for viral infections such as herpes simplex. Referral to a dentist is indicated for
gingivitis but not for Candida infection
4. Which finding in the mouth of a patient who uses smokeless tobacco is suggestive of oral cancer?
a. Bleeding during tooth brushing
b. Painful blisters at the lip border
c. Red, velvety patches on the buccal mucosa
d. White, curdlike plaques on the posterior tongue: ANS: C
A red, velvety patch suggests erythroplasia, which has a high incidence (greater than 50%) of progression to squamous cell
carcinoma. The other lesions are suggestive of acute processes (e.g., gingivitis, oral candidiasis, herpes simplex).
,5. Which information will the nurse include when teaching adults to decrease the risk for cancers of the tongue and
buccal mucosa?
a. Avoid use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco.
b. Use sunscreen when outside even on cloudy days.
c. Complete antibiotic courses used to treat throat infections.
d. Use antivirals to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections.: ANS: A
Tobacco use greatly increases the risk for oral cancer. Acute throat infections do not increase the risk for oral cancer,
although chronic irritation of the oral mucosa does increase risk. Sun exposure does not increase the risk for cancers of
the buccal mucosa. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with an increased risk, but HSV infection is not
a risk factor for oral cancer
6. A 46-year-old female with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is experiencing increasing discomfort. Which patient
statement indicates that additional teaching about GERD is needed?
a. "I take antacids between meals and at bedtime each night."
b. "I sleep with the head of the bed elevated on 4-inch blocks."
c. "I eat small meals during the day and have a bedtime snack."
d. "I quit smoking several years ago, but I still chew a lot of gum.": ANS: C
GERD is exacerbated by eating late at night, and the nurse should plan to teach the patient to avoid eating at bedtime.
The other patient actions are appropriate to control symptoms of GERD
7. A 68-year-old male patient with a stroke is unconscious and unresponsive to stimuli. After learning that the patient has
a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the nurse will plan to do frequent assessments of the patient's
, a. apical pulse.
b. bowel sounds.
c. breath sounds.
d. abdominal girth.: ANS: C
Because GERD may cause aspiration, the unconscious patient is at risk for developing aspiration pneumonia. Bowel
sounds, abdominal girth, and apical pulse will not be affected by the patient's stroke or GERD and do not require more
frequent monitoring than the routine
8. The nurse explaining esomeprazole (Nexium) to a patient with recurring heartburn describes that the medication
a. reduces gastroesophageal reflux by increasing the rate of gastric emptying.
b. neutralizes stomach acid and provides relief of symptoms in a few minutes.
c. coats and protects the lining of the stomach and esophagus from gastric acid.
d. treats gastroesophageal reflux disease by decreasing stomach acid produc-tion.: ANS: D
The proton pump inhibitors decrease the rate of gastric acid secretion. Promotility drugs such as metoclopramide
(Reglan) increase the rate of gastric emptying. Cryoprotective medications such as sucralfate (Carafate) protect the
stomach. Antacids neutralize stomach acid and work rapidly
9. Which patient choice for a snack 2 hours before bedtime indicates that the nurse's teaching about gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD) has been effective?
a. Chocolate pudding
b. Glass of low-fat milk
c. Cherry gelatin with fruit
