PMHNP FINAL PAPER 2026 EXAM STUDY SHEET
GUARANTEED TO PASS
◉ Classical Conditioning. Answer: a learning process that occurs when
two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by
the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
◉ Reaction Formation. Answer: psychoanalytic defense mechanism by
which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their
opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of
their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.
◉ Discrete Trial Training. Answer: A method of teaching readiness skills
or other desired behaviors that involves a step-by-step approach of
presenting a stimulus and requiring a specific response.
◉ Pivotal Response Training. Answer: A behavioral intervention usually
administered by parents in naturalistic settings; designed to increase the
motivation and self-regulation skills of children with ASD
◉ Early Start Denver Model. Answer: Incorporates applied behavior
analysis and naturalistic play
Uses child's interest to facilitate learning
,Start as early as possible
◉ Cushing's. Answer: *HYPERcortisol*, d/t steroid treatment, s/s:
obesity, moon face, slow growth in children, striae, buffalo hump, excess
hair, *HYPERnatremia, HYPERglycemia, hypokalemia/hypocalcemia*,
lifelong treatment
hyper-BP, BS, Na
hypo-K, Ca
◉ Hashimoto's. Answer: Autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism
◉ Thyrotoxicosis. Answer: condition resulting from extreme
hypersecretion of thyroid hormones; symptoms include rapid heart
action, tremors, enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, and weight loss
◉ Addison's. Answer: Hypo Na, Hyper K, Hypoglycemia, dark
pigmentation, decreased resistance to stress fx, alopecia, weight loss. GI
stress.
◉ Velocardiofacial Syndrome. Answer: Genetic autosomal disorder
Part chromosome 22 (22q11.2)
Cleft of soft palate, funny face
Diff feeding as baby (milk comes out nose)
, Wide nose, small ears, almond eyes, elongated face
Sig express lg delays
Artic disorders and mental retardation
◉ Bezoar. Answer: a mass of undigested material that becomes trapped
in the stomach
◉ First-line treatment bipolar mania. Answer: Lithium, valproate,
olanzapine, and quetiapine
◉ Medicare part A. Answer: Inpatient coverage, home health, hospice.
Also defines limits of Medicare usage
◉ Medicare part B. Answer: Outpatient care. Extends Medicare to
supplemental treatments, and physicians, durable medical equipment
◉ Medicare part C. Answer: managed care health plans offered to
medicare beneficiaries under the medicare advantage program
◉ Medicare part D. Answer: Prescription drug coverage
◉ Carbamazepine autodinduction. Answer: Metabolized by CYP450
and an inducer
GUARANTEED TO PASS
◉ Classical Conditioning. Answer: a learning process that occurs when
two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by
the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.
◉ Reaction Formation. Answer: psychoanalytic defense mechanism by
which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their
opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of
their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.
◉ Discrete Trial Training. Answer: A method of teaching readiness skills
or other desired behaviors that involves a step-by-step approach of
presenting a stimulus and requiring a specific response.
◉ Pivotal Response Training. Answer: A behavioral intervention usually
administered by parents in naturalistic settings; designed to increase the
motivation and self-regulation skills of children with ASD
◉ Early Start Denver Model. Answer: Incorporates applied behavior
analysis and naturalistic play
Uses child's interest to facilitate learning
,Start as early as possible
◉ Cushing's. Answer: *HYPERcortisol*, d/t steroid treatment, s/s:
obesity, moon face, slow growth in children, striae, buffalo hump, excess
hair, *HYPERnatremia, HYPERglycemia, hypokalemia/hypocalcemia*,
lifelong treatment
hyper-BP, BS, Na
hypo-K, Ca
◉ Hashimoto's. Answer: Autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism
◉ Thyrotoxicosis. Answer: condition resulting from extreme
hypersecretion of thyroid hormones; symptoms include rapid heart
action, tremors, enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, and weight loss
◉ Addison's. Answer: Hypo Na, Hyper K, Hypoglycemia, dark
pigmentation, decreased resistance to stress fx, alopecia, weight loss. GI
stress.
◉ Velocardiofacial Syndrome. Answer: Genetic autosomal disorder
Part chromosome 22 (22q11.2)
Cleft of soft palate, funny face
Diff feeding as baby (milk comes out nose)
, Wide nose, small ears, almond eyes, elongated face
Sig express lg delays
Artic disorders and mental retardation
◉ Bezoar. Answer: a mass of undigested material that becomes trapped
in the stomach
◉ First-line treatment bipolar mania. Answer: Lithium, valproate,
olanzapine, and quetiapine
◉ Medicare part A. Answer: Inpatient coverage, home health, hospice.
Also defines limits of Medicare usage
◉ Medicare part B. Answer: Outpatient care. Extends Medicare to
supplemental treatments, and physicians, durable medical equipment
◉ Medicare part C. Answer: managed care health plans offered to
medicare beneficiaries under the medicare advantage program
◉ Medicare part D. Answer: Prescription drug coverage
◉ Carbamazepine autodinduction. Answer: Metabolized by CYP450
and an inducer
