WOCN WOUND EXAM ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ risk factors for pressure ulcer development and nursing
interventions to reduce ulcer development Answer: SHEAR-keep
HOB <30 degree angle. reposition frequency is determined by tissue
tolerance, lvl of activity, and mobility. std=every 1-2 hrs for bed
bound, every 1 hr for chair. use support surfaces to redistribute wt
FRICTION-minimal layers of bed linens between pt and the surface.
keep heels off bed. teach pt's to reposition wt every 15 min. use
assisitive devices when transferring or turning pt.
MOISTURE-use an incontinence cleanser and moisture barrier
cream, toileting schedule, fecal incontinence collector or condom
cath, use underpads or diapers that wick moisture AWAY from skin
rather than trap it
NUTRITION-nutrition assessment, ensure adequate intake of
PROTEIN, fat, and carbs, consult RD, ensure adequate fluid intake
INFECTION-
,AGE-thin skin increases
◉ Partial-thickness wound Answer: wounds that heal by primary
intention and shallow wounds that only involve loss of
epidermis/dermis
heal by resurfacing of wound with new epidermal cells
◉ Partial-thickness wound repair Answer: Inflammatory response-
[erythema/edema inc WBC to site]. usually subsides in <24 hrs
Epidermal repair-[epidermal cells migrate across wound]. moist
env-heal in ~4days, dry env-heal in 7 days
Dermal repair-[epidermis thickens and anchors to cells]. resumes
normal fxn. pink, dry, and fragile skin. occurs concurrently w/
epidermal repair
◉ Full-thickness wound Answer: involve tissue loss and extend to at
least
Sub Q layer. can be acute (surgical wound) or chronic (pressure
ulcer)
can be healed by primary or secondary intention
, ◉ Full-thickness wound repair Answer: Hemostasis-[controls
bleeding]. platelets cause coag and vasocontriction, and break down
and release growth factors (GF initiate entire wound healing
process). DOES NOT occur in wounds healing by secondary
intention! (comprimises repair process)
Inflammation-[establish clean wound bed & bacterial balance].
brings WBC to area, cleans site, releases addt'l GF. lasts 3 days in
acute wounds, >3 days in chronic wound (pressure ulcer)
Proliferation-[prod. of new tissue, epithelialization, contraction]. w/
primary intention new capillary networks form to provide O2 and
nutrients and synthesis of collagen. wound contracts as collagen
fibers increase in size. epithelial cells migrate and cover defect
(occurs faster in moist env!!!!). w/ pressure ulcer, takes longer. as
granulation tissue fills defect, contraction and epithelialization can
occur. contraction is more important in secondary wounds b/c it
reduces amnt of granulation tissue needed to fill defect!!!
Remodeling-[reorganizes collagen to produce more elastic, stronger
collagen for scar tissue]. lasts up to 1 year. tensile strength never
more than 80% or non-damaged tissue. remodeling phase is same
for primary and secondary intention wounds
◉ Demonstrate correct examination of wounds and
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ risk factors for pressure ulcer development and nursing
interventions to reduce ulcer development Answer: SHEAR-keep
HOB <30 degree angle. reposition frequency is determined by tissue
tolerance, lvl of activity, and mobility. std=every 1-2 hrs for bed
bound, every 1 hr for chair. use support surfaces to redistribute wt
FRICTION-minimal layers of bed linens between pt and the surface.
keep heels off bed. teach pt's to reposition wt every 15 min. use
assisitive devices when transferring or turning pt.
MOISTURE-use an incontinence cleanser and moisture barrier
cream, toileting schedule, fecal incontinence collector or condom
cath, use underpads or diapers that wick moisture AWAY from skin
rather than trap it
NUTRITION-nutrition assessment, ensure adequate intake of
PROTEIN, fat, and carbs, consult RD, ensure adequate fluid intake
INFECTION-
,AGE-thin skin increases
◉ Partial-thickness wound Answer: wounds that heal by primary
intention and shallow wounds that only involve loss of
epidermis/dermis
heal by resurfacing of wound with new epidermal cells
◉ Partial-thickness wound repair Answer: Inflammatory response-
[erythema/edema inc WBC to site]. usually subsides in <24 hrs
Epidermal repair-[epidermal cells migrate across wound]. moist
env-heal in ~4days, dry env-heal in 7 days
Dermal repair-[epidermis thickens and anchors to cells]. resumes
normal fxn. pink, dry, and fragile skin. occurs concurrently w/
epidermal repair
◉ Full-thickness wound Answer: involve tissue loss and extend to at
least
Sub Q layer. can be acute (surgical wound) or chronic (pressure
ulcer)
can be healed by primary or secondary intention
, ◉ Full-thickness wound repair Answer: Hemostasis-[controls
bleeding]. platelets cause coag and vasocontriction, and break down
and release growth factors (GF initiate entire wound healing
process). DOES NOT occur in wounds healing by secondary
intention! (comprimises repair process)
Inflammation-[establish clean wound bed & bacterial balance].
brings WBC to area, cleans site, releases addt'l GF. lasts 3 days in
acute wounds, >3 days in chronic wound (pressure ulcer)
Proliferation-[prod. of new tissue, epithelialization, contraction]. w/
primary intention new capillary networks form to provide O2 and
nutrients and synthesis of collagen. wound contracts as collagen
fibers increase in size. epithelial cells migrate and cover defect
(occurs faster in moist env!!!!). w/ pressure ulcer, takes longer. as
granulation tissue fills defect, contraction and epithelialization can
occur. contraction is more important in secondary wounds b/c it
reduces amnt of granulation tissue needed to fill defect!!!
Remodeling-[reorganizes collagen to produce more elastic, stronger
collagen for scar tissue]. lasts up to 1 year. tensile strength never
more than 80% or non-damaged tissue. remodeling phase is same
for primary and secondary intention wounds
◉ Demonstrate correct examination of wounds and
