Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
TEST BANK
Applied Statistics II
Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques
Rebecca M. Warner
3rd Edition
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The New Statistics
Chapter 2: Advanced Data Screening, Outliers, and Missing Values
Chapter 3: Statistical Control: What Can Happen When You Add a Third Variable?
Chapter 4: Regression Analysis and Statistical Control
Chapter 5: Multiple Regression with Multiple Predictors
Chapter 6: Dummy Predictor Variables in Multiple Regression
Chapter 7: Moderation: Interaction in Multiple Regression
Chapter 8: Analysis of Covariance
Chapter 9: Mediation
Chapter 10: Discriminant Analysis
Chapter 11: Multivariate Analysis of Variance
Chapter 12: Exploratory Factor Analysis
Chapter 13: Reliability, Validity, and Multiple-item Scales
Chapter 14: More about Repeated Measures
Chapter 15: Structural Equation Modeling with Amos: A Brief Introduction
Chapter 16: Binary Logistic Regression
Chapter 17: Additional Statistical Techniques
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Chapter 1: The New Statistics
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A variable that is statistically controlled in an analysis is a(n) ______.
a. an independent variable
b. a dependent variable
c. a covariate
d. a manipulated variable
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.1: Required Background
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. In past years, many investigators have failed to report ______.
a. the effect size
b. the sample sizes
c. descriptive statistics
d. obtained p values
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. A primary concern of investigators has been, and often still is, obtaining a p value of
______.
a. .10
b. .05
c. .01
d. .000
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. A major change advocated by New Statistics is ______.
a. reduced emphasis on effect size
b. focus on the results of single studies
c. not reporting confidence intervals
d. understanding the limitations of significance tests
Ans: D
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. A primary change proposed by advocates of New Statistics involves summarizing
effect sizes from a number of studies using ______.
a. Bayesian statistics
b. meta-analysis
c. multivariate analysis
d. descriptive statistics
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. An emphasis of New Statistics is ______.
a. using increasingly precise p values
b. developing new methods of statistical analysis
c. reducing emphasis on confidence interval interpretation
d. adopting a more critical perspective when considering significance
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Which of the following types of information is provided to investigators by NHST?
a. whether the hypothesis of the study has been proven
b. the probability that the research hypothesis is true
c. the probability of obtaining results about the H0 based on one sample
d. the exact probability of obtaining the same results on replication
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. When reading an article that reports the results of multiple statistical tests, readers
should remember that multiple tests ______.
a. provide inaccurate information about the risks of Type I errors
b. provide inaccurate information about the risks of Type II errors
c. enhance understanding of cause and effect relationships
d. provide reliable information about the size and importance of effects
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
9. An advocate of New Statistics would object to a research report that included a
statement like the ______.
a. results of our study are consistent with a recent meta-analysis
b. significant results should be interpreted cautiously due to the large sample size
c. results of our study approached statistical significance
d. results of our study provide support for our initial hypothesis
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. If a statistical analysis yields p = .03, a research report can include a statement like
______.
a. the results of our study are likely to be replicated
b. the evidence is consistent with the hypothesis of our study
c. there is a 97% chance that the null hypothesis of our study is false
d. the results of our study cannot be explained by chance
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. An advocate of New Statistics would support a p value reported as ______.
a. p = .0000
b. p < .01
c. p < .05
d. p = .025
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.4: Problems with NHST Logic
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. A problem with NHST logic is that it ______.
a. eliminates the need to think in terms of double negatives
b. encourages investigators to describe study results in terms of uncertainty
c. cannot tell investigators what they want to know
d. is used consistently and correctly in the majority of studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.4: Problems with NHST Logic
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. An important assumption underlying the use of an independent samples t test or
one-way ANOVA is that ______.
a. the grouping variables are normally distributed in the population
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
b. the variances of the
groups on the dependent variable are equal
c. all participants respondents responded to both the pretest and the posttest
d. all scores in each group lie within one standard deviation of the mean
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.5.1: Violations of Assumptions
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. An important assumption underlying the use of Pearson r is that ______.
a. the relationship between the two variables is linear
b. the variances of the X and Y scores are equal
c. all participants respondents responded to both the pretest and the posttest
d. all scores in each variable lie within one standard deviation of the variable mean
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.5.1: Violations of Assumptions
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. A frequent violation of the rules for using NHST is ______.
a. performing only one significance test
b. selecting random samples from the population of interest
c. selecting the statistical test after data collection
d. selecting the criterion p value before analyzing the data
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.5.2: Violations of Rules for Use of NHST
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. If scores on an attitude scale can range from 0 to 60 with most scores lying between
20 and 45, scores of 7 and 57 could be ______.
a. likelihood errors
b. probability errors
c. extraneous variables
d. outliers
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.5.2: Violations of Rules for Use of NHST
Difficulty Level: Hard
17. Another term describing the process of testing the reproducibility of research results
by repeating studies in different settings with different participants is ______.
a. replication.
b. generalization
c. normalization
d. refutation
Ans: A
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.6: The Replication Crisis
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. A proponent of New Statistics would be most likely to encourage ______.
a. multiple statistical tests
b. disregarding studies with nonsignificant results
c. replacing α = .05 with α = .005
d. using p < .10 as the criterion for future studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.7.2: Replace α = .05 with α = .005
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. A proponent of New Statistics would be most likely to encourage ______.
a. multiple statistical tests
b. reporting effect size
c. disregarding studies with nonsignificant results
d. using p < .10 as the criterion for future studies
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.7.3: Less Emphasis on NHST
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. The purpose of confidence intervals is to ______.
a. combine the results of multiple statistical tests
b. reduce the amount of measurement error in study variables
c. overcome the negative aspects of nonsignificant results
d. estimate a population value using sample data
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8: Review of Confidence Intervals
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. The confidence limits for a 95% confidence interval are determined using the
______.
a. Z score for the top 95% of the distribution
b. Z score for the bottom 5% of the distribution
c. Z scores for the lower 2.5% and the upper 2.5% of the distribution
d. Z scores for the lower 0.5% and the upper 0.5% of the distribution
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
22. The formula for
determining the lower limit for a 95% confidence interval around the mean in a standard
normal distribution is ______.
a. lower limit = M + (+1.96) * SEMean
b. lower limit = M + (-1.96) * SEMean
c. lower limit = M + (+2.58) * SEMean
d. lower limit = M + (-2.58) * SEMean
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. The formula for determining the upper limit for a 95% confidence interval around the
mean in a standard normal distribution is ______.
a. upper limit = M + (+1.96) * SEMean
b. upper limit = M + (–1.96) * SEMean
c. upper limit = M + (+2.58) * SEMean
d. upper limit = M + (–2.58) * SEMean
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. The formula for calculating the standard error of a statistic involves the standard
deviation of the group of participants in the study and the ______.
a. range of scores of participants
b. significance level used in the analysis
c. mean of the sample of participants
d. number of participants
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. The upper and lower ends of a confidence interval are referred to as the confidence
______.
a. limits
b. brackets
c. estimates
d. points
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. When interpreting confidence intervals reported in journal articles, readers should
remember that as the ______.
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
a. standard deviation
increases, increases, the width of a confidence interval increases b. level of confidence
increases, the width of the confidence interval decreases
c. sample size increases, the width of the confidence interval increases
d. sample size increases, the size of the standard deviation increases
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.8.5: Why Report CIs Instead of, or in Addition To, Significance Tests
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. An advantage of reporting confidence intervals is that they ______.
a. are available in most widely used statistical packages
b. reinforce yes/no thinking
c. may be more stable than p values
d. are consistent across studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.8.5: Why Report CIs Instead of, or in Addition To, Significance Tests
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using
Cramer’s V, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. The results of which of the following statistical analyses directly provide effect size
estimates?
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
30. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using
Cohen’s d, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
d. Χ2
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using η or
η2, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
32. A characteristic of effect sizes is that they ______.
a. depend on sample size
b. have a potentially infinite range of values
c. emphasize the value of yes/no thinking
d. may be presented standardized units
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.9.1: Generalizations About Effect Sizes
Difficulty Level: Easy
33. Judgments about the practical importance of research results should be based on
the ______.
a. reported p value
b. clarity of the study hypothesis
c. effect size
d. sample size
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.9.1: Generalizations About Effect Sizes
Difficulty Level: Medium
34. Test statistics are a function of the effect size in a study in combination with the
______.
a. sample size
b. difference between the groups means
c. sum of the two group means
d. pooled standard deviation
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
TEST BANK
Applied Statistics II
Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques
Rebecca M. Warner
3rd Edition
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The New Statistics
Chapter 2: Advanced Data Screening, Outliers, and Missing Values
Chapter 3: Statistical Control: What Can Happen When You Add a Third Variable?
Chapter 4: Regression Analysis and Statistical Control
Chapter 5: Multiple Regression with Multiple Predictors
Chapter 6: Dummy Predictor Variables in Multiple Regression
Chapter 7: Moderation: Interaction in Multiple Regression
Chapter 8: Analysis of Covariance
Chapter 9: Mediation
Chapter 10: Discriminant Analysis
Chapter 11: Multivariate Analysis of Variance
Chapter 12: Exploratory Factor Analysis
Chapter 13: Reliability, Validity, and Multiple-item Scales
Chapter 14: More about Repeated Measures
Chapter 15: Structural Equation Modeling with Amos: A Brief Introduction
Chapter 16: Binary Logistic Regression
Chapter 17: Additional Statistical Techniques
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Chapter 1: The New Statistics
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A variable that is statistically controlled in an analysis is a(n) ______.
a. an independent variable
b. a dependent variable
c. a covariate
d. a manipulated variable
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.1: Required Background
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. In past years, many investigators have failed to report ______.
a. the effect size
b. the sample sizes
c. descriptive statistics
d. obtained p values
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. A primary concern of investigators has been, and often still is, obtaining a p value of
______.
a. .10
b. .05
c. .01
d. .000
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. A major change advocated by New Statistics is ______.
a. reduced emphasis on effect size
b. focus on the results of single studies
c. not reporting confidence intervals
d. understanding the limitations of significance tests
Ans: D
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. A primary change proposed by advocates of New Statistics involves summarizing
effect sizes from a number of studies using ______.
a. Bayesian statistics
b. meta-analysis
c. multivariate analysis
d. descriptive statistics
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. An emphasis of New Statistics is ______.
a. using increasingly precise p values
b. developing new methods of statistical analysis
c. reducing emphasis on confidence interval interpretation
d. adopting a more critical perspective when considering significance
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.2: What Is the “New Statistics”?
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Which of the following types of information is provided to investigators by NHST?
a. whether the hypothesis of the study has been proven
b. the probability that the research hypothesis is true
c. the probability of obtaining results about the H0 based on one sample
d. the exact probability of obtaining the same results on replication
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. When reading an article that reports the results of multiple statistical tests, readers
should remember that multiple tests ______.
a. provide inaccurate information about the risks of Type I errors
b. provide inaccurate information about the risks of Type II errors
c. enhance understanding of cause and effect relationships
d. provide reliable information about the size and importance of effects
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
9. An advocate of New Statistics would object to a research report that included a
statement like the ______.
a. results of our study are consistent with a recent meta-analysis
b. significant results should be interpreted cautiously due to the large sample size
c. results of our study approached statistical significance
d. results of our study provide support for our initial hypothesis
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. If a statistical analysis yields p = .03, a research report can include a statement like
______.
a. the results of our study are likely to be replicated
b. the evidence is consistent with the hypothesis of our study
c. there is a 97% chance that the null hypothesis of our study is false
d. the results of our study cannot be explained by chance
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.3: Common Misinterpretations of p Values
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. An advocate of New Statistics would support a p value reported as ______.
a. p = .0000
b. p < .01
c. p < .05
d. p = .025
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.4: Problems with NHST Logic
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. A problem with NHST logic is that it ______.
a. eliminates the need to think in terms of double negatives
b. encourages investigators to describe study results in terms of uncertainty
c. cannot tell investigators what they want to know
d. is used consistently and correctly in the majority of studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.4: Problems with NHST Logic
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. An important assumption underlying the use of an independent samples t test or
one-way ANOVA is that ______.
a. the grouping variables are normally distributed in the population
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
b. the variances of the
groups on the dependent variable are equal
c. all participants respondents responded to both the pretest and the posttest
d. all scores in each group lie within one standard deviation of the mean
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.5.1: Violations of Assumptions
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. An important assumption underlying the use of Pearson r is that ______.
a. the relationship between the two variables is linear
b. the variances of the X and Y scores are equal
c. all participants respondents responded to both the pretest and the posttest
d. all scores in each variable lie within one standard deviation of the variable mean
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.5.1: Violations of Assumptions
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. A frequent violation of the rules for using NHST is ______.
a. performing only one significance test
b. selecting random samples from the population of interest
c. selecting the statistical test after data collection
d. selecting the criterion p value before analyzing the data
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.5.2: Violations of Rules for Use of NHST
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. If scores on an attitude scale can range from 0 to 60 with most scores lying between
20 and 45, scores of 7 and 57 could be ______.
a. likelihood errors
b. probability errors
c. extraneous variables
d. outliers
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: 1.5.2: Violations of Rules for Use of NHST
Difficulty Level: Hard
17. Another term describing the process of testing the reproducibility of research results
by repeating studies in different settings with different participants is ______.
a. replication.
b. generalization
c. normalization
d. refutation
Ans: A
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.6: The Replication Crisis
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. A proponent of New Statistics would be most likely to encourage ______.
a. multiple statistical tests
b. disregarding studies with nonsignificant results
c. replacing α = .05 with α = .005
d. using p < .10 as the criterion for future studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.7.2: Replace α = .05 with α = .005
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. A proponent of New Statistics would be most likely to encourage ______.
a. multiple statistical tests
b. reporting effect size
c. disregarding studies with nonsignificant results
d. using p < .10 as the criterion for future studies
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.7.3: Less Emphasis on NHST
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. The purpose of confidence intervals is to ______.
a. combine the results of multiple statistical tests
b. reduce the amount of measurement error in study variables
c. overcome the negative aspects of nonsignificant results
d. estimate a population value using sample data
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8: Review of Confidence Intervals
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. The confidence limits for a 95% confidence interval are determined using the
______.
a. Z score for the top 95% of the distribution
b. Z score for the bottom 5% of the distribution
c. Z scores for the lower 2.5% and the upper 2.5% of the distribution
d. Z scores for the lower 0.5% and the upper 0.5% of the distribution
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
22. The formula for
determining the lower limit for a 95% confidence interval around the mean in a standard
normal distribution is ______.
a. lower limit = M + (+1.96) * SEMean
b. lower limit = M + (-1.96) * SEMean
c. lower limit = M + (+2.58) * SEMean
d. lower limit = M + (-2.58) * SEMean
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. The formula for determining the upper limit for a 95% confidence interval around the
mean in a standard normal distribution is ______.
a. upper limit = M + (+1.96) * SEMean
b. upper limit = M + (–1.96) * SEMean
c. upper limit = M + (+2.58) * SEMean
d. upper limit = M + (–2.58) * SEMean
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. The formula for calculating the standard error of a statistic involves the standard
deviation of the group of participants in the study and the ______.
a. range of scores of participants
b. significance level used in the analysis
c. mean of the sample of participants
d. number of participants
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. The upper and lower ends of a confidence interval are referred to as the confidence
______.
a. limits
b. brackets
c. estimates
d. points
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.8.1: Review: Setting Up Cls
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. When interpreting confidence intervals reported in journal articles, readers should
remember that as the ______.
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
a. standard deviation
increases, increases, the width of a confidence interval increases b. level of confidence
increases, the width of the confidence interval decreases
c. sample size increases, the width of the confidence interval increases
d. sample size increases, the size of the standard deviation increases
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.8.5: Why Report CIs Instead of, or in Addition To, Significance Tests
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. An advantage of reporting confidence intervals is that they ______.
a. are available in most widely used statistical packages
b. reinforce yes/no thinking
c. may be more stable than p values
d. are consistent across studies
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.8.5: Why Report CIs Instead of, or in Addition To, Significance Tests
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using
Cramer’s V, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. The results of which of the following statistical analyses directly provide effect size
estimates?
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
30. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using
Cohen’s d, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
, Test Bank - Applied Statistics II Multivariable and Multivariate Techniques 3rd Edition (Warner, 2021)
d. Χ2
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. If an investigator reports that the effect size for an analysis was estimated using η or
η2, the statistical analysis was ______.
a. an independent samples t test
b. a one-way ANOVA
c. Pearson correlation
d. Χ2
Ans: B
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: 1.9: Effect Size
Difficulty Level: Medium
32. A characteristic of effect sizes is that they ______.
a. depend on sample size
b. have a potentially infinite range of values
c. emphasize the value of yes/no thinking
d. may be presented standardized units
Ans: D
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: 1.9.1: Generalizations About Effect Sizes
Difficulty Level: Easy
33. Judgments about the practical importance of research results should be based on
the ______.
a. reported p value
b. clarity of the study hypothesis
c. effect size
d. sample size
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: 1.9.1: Generalizations About Effect Sizes
Difficulty Level: Medium
34. Test statistics are a function of the effect size in a study in combination with the
______.
a. sample size
b. difference between the groups means
c. sum of the two group means
d. pooled standard deviation
Ans: A
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
