ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM 1 |315 COMPLETE AND GRADED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100% GRADED CORRECT | 100%
GUARANTEED TO PASS | GET A+
1. Lab Tests:
2. Q: Which of the following is an example of a semi-quantitative test?
A. Colony forming units (CFU/mL)
B. Pregnancy test
C. Serum potassium
D. White blood cell count: A. Colony forming units (CFU/mL)
3. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding how reference ranges are
established?
A. Critical value(s) must be included within upper and lower limits
B. Includes 99.7% of individuals within reference po
C. pulation
D. Range obtained by testing a sick sample
,E. Statistically derived using mean and standard deviation: D. Statistically
derived using mean and standard deviation
4. Q: Hemoconcentration results in which of the following apparent laboratory
abnormalities?
A. Elevated hemoglobin
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Thrombocytopenia: A. Elevated hemoglobin
5. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding laboratory interpretation?
A. An isolated abnormal value should be considered a reliable indicator of
disease
B. Patient specific baseline level has no impact on interpretation
C. Should be utilized in conjunction with signs and symptoms
D. Values outside the reference range are always clinically relevant: C. Should
be utilized in conjunction with signs and symptoms
,6. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding interpretation of serum
sodium level?
A. Abnormal values are always clinically relevant
B. Clinical symptoms provide limited insight on severity
C.Elevated blood glucose has no meaningful impact
D. Serum level should be assessed in conjunction with volume status: D. Serum
level should be assessed in conjunction with volume status
7. Why is lab testing an imperfect science: False negatives/positives
8. Screening test: People WITHOUT symptoms
High SENSITIVITY
SIMPLE
Requires CONFIRMATORY TESTING
9. High sensitivity definition: Few false negatives
(screening for a lot of things, "senses" everything that's there)
10. An example of why you would use screening: a patient without symptoms
of the disease, but may be at risk of developing it (pap smear, PSA)
, 11. Diagnostic test characteristics: People WITH symptoms
High SPECIFICITY
More COMPLEX
DEFINITIVE
12. High specificity definition: Few false positives
(a confirmatory test, don't want to incorrectly diagnose someone)
13. Example of when you would use diagnostic test: Measuring A1C in
patient with
signs/symptoms of diabetes
14. Quantitative test: Exact numeric measurements
Compare to reference range
15. Qualitative test: Positive or negative result
Positive = Abnormal
16. Semi-quantitative test: Negative or varying degrees or positive e.g. 1+,
2+, 3+
Common in urine screens
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026 LATEST UPDATED | 100% GRADED CORRECT | 100%
GUARANTEED TO PASS | GET A+
1. Lab Tests:
2. Q: Which of the following is an example of a semi-quantitative test?
A. Colony forming units (CFU/mL)
B. Pregnancy test
C. Serum potassium
D. White blood cell count: A. Colony forming units (CFU/mL)
3. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding how reference ranges are
established?
A. Critical value(s) must be included within upper and lower limits
B. Includes 99.7% of individuals within reference po
C. pulation
D. Range obtained by testing a sick sample
,E. Statistically derived using mean and standard deviation: D. Statistically
derived using mean and standard deviation
4. Q: Hemoconcentration results in which of the following apparent laboratory
abnormalities?
A. Elevated hemoglobin
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Thrombocytopenia: A. Elevated hemoglobin
5. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding laboratory interpretation?
A. An isolated abnormal value should be considered a reliable indicator of
disease
B. Patient specific baseline level has no impact on interpretation
C. Should be utilized in conjunction with signs and symptoms
D. Values outside the reference range are always clinically relevant: C. Should
be utilized in conjunction with signs and symptoms
,6. Q: Which of the following is most true regarding interpretation of serum
sodium level?
A. Abnormal values are always clinically relevant
B. Clinical symptoms provide limited insight on severity
C.Elevated blood glucose has no meaningful impact
D. Serum level should be assessed in conjunction with volume status: D. Serum
level should be assessed in conjunction with volume status
7. Why is lab testing an imperfect science: False negatives/positives
8. Screening test: People WITHOUT symptoms
High SENSITIVITY
SIMPLE
Requires CONFIRMATORY TESTING
9. High sensitivity definition: Few false negatives
(screening for a lot of things, "senses" everything that's there)
10. An example of why you would use screening: a patient without symptoms
of the disease, but may be at risk of developing it (pap smear, PSA)
, 11. Diagnostic test characteristics: People WITH symptoms
High SPECIFICITY
More COMPLEX
DEFINITIVE
12. High specificity definition: Few false positives
(a confirmatory test, don't want to incorrectly diagnose someone)
13. Example of when you would use diagnostic test: Measuring A1C in
patient with
signs/symptoms of diabetes
14. Quantitative test: Exact numeric measurements
Compare to reference range
15. Qualitative test: Positive or negative result
Positive = Abnormal
16. Semi-quantitative test: Negative or varying degrees or positive e.g. 1+,
2+, 3+
Common in urine screens
