Unit 8 - HTHS 2230 – Pathophysiology
Questions and All Correct Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
Types of bone fractures - Answer -Pathological
-Stress
Pathological Bone Fracture - Answer -Bone breaks due to an underlying disease that has
weakened the bone
-Cancer and osteoporosis are examples
Stress Bone Fracture - Answer -Bone placed under extreme or unusual forces
-Motor vehicle accident, falls, sports injuries are examples
Bone Fracture Classification - Answer -Open
-Closed
-Comminuted
-Linear
-Oblique
-Impacted
-Spiral
-Transverse
-Greenstick
-Transchondral
Open - Answer Broken bone end protrudes through skin
Closed - Answer No penetration of skin with bone fracture
comminuted - Answer multiple bone fragments (shattered)
Linear - Answer fracture parallel with bone (along axis)
Oblique - Answer fracture at an angle to long axis of bone
, Impacted - Answer bone fragments pushed into each other
spiral - Answer -break forms twisted line
-torque (rotational force) on bone
-spiral fracture of tibia is a common ski injury
transverse - Answer perpendicular fracture - across the long axis of the bone
greenstick - Answer partial break - bone fracture
transchondral - Answer fracture through cartilage or growth plate
Replaced with compact bone --> stunts growth in bone if fractured through growth plate
Bone Reduction - Answer realign bone fragments to their normal anatomic position.
1. Closed manipulation
2. Traction
3. Surgery (open reduction/internal fixation) ORIF
closed manipulation - Answer line up bone ends correctly without opening skin
Traction - Answer The use of weights, ropes and pulleys to apply force to tissues surrounding
a broken bone. It's sometimes used to keep a broken leg in the correct position during the early
stages of healing, or to ease the pain of a fracture while a person is waiting for surgery.
Open reduction internal fixation - Answer surgery for broken bones to realign. Cut into skin
and realign bone.
splint or cast - Answer what is used to hold bone in place so union can occur? Made from
plaster or fiberglass
Healing of fractures process - Answer 1. fracture hematoma
2. callus
3. remodeling
Questions and All Correct Answers
2025-2026 Updated.
Types of bone fractures - Answer -Pathological
-Stress
Pathological Bone Fracture - Answer -Bone breaks due to an underlying disease that has
weakened the bone
-Cancer and osteoporosis are examples
Stress Bone Fracture - Answer -Bone placed under extreme or unusual forces
-Motor vehicle accident, falls, sports injuries are examples
Bone Fracture Classification - Answer -Open
-Closed
-Comminuted
-Linear
-Oblique
-Impacted
-Spiral
-Transverse
-Greenstick
-Transchondral
Open - Answer Broken bone end protrudes through skin
Closed - Answer No penetration of skin with bone fracture
comminuted - Answer multiple bone fragments (shattered)
Linear - Answer fracture parallel with bone (along axis)
Oblique - Answer fracture at an angle to long axis of bone
, Impacted - Answer bone fragments pushed into each other
spiral - Answer -break forms twisted line
-torque (rotational force) on bone
-spiral fracture of tibia is a common ski injury
transverse - Answer perpendicular fracture - across the long axis of the bone
greenstick - Answer partial break - bone fracture
transchondral - Answer fracture through cartilage or growth plate
Replaced with compact bone --> stunts growth in bone if fractured through growth plate
Bone Reduction - Answer realign bone fragments to their normal anatomic position.
1. Closed manipulation
2. Traction
3. Surgery (open reduction/internal fixation) ORIF
closed manipulation - Answer line up bone ends correctly without opening skin
Traction - Answer The use of weights, ropes and pulleys to apply force to tissues surrounding
a broken bone. It's sometimes used to keep a broken leg in the correct position during the early
stages of healing, or to ease the pain of a fracture while a person is waiting for surgery.
Open reduction internal fixation - Answer surgery for broken bones to realign. Cut into skin
and realign bone.
splint or cast - Answer what is used to hold bone in place so union can occur? Made from
plaster or fiberglass
Healing of fractures process - Answer 1. fracture hematoma
2. callus
3. remodeling
