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Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is this type of process.
a. Idiopathic
b. Iatrogenic
c. Neoplasia
d. Community acquired
ANSWER: B
The disease process caused by physicians and their treatment is iatrogenic.
REF: p. 3
2. Basic reactions of the body to some form of injury is a:
a. Disease process
b. Pathology
c. Study of diseases
d. Idiopathic process
ANSWER: A
A disease is the pattern of the body’s response to some form of injury.
REF: p. 1
3. What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown?
a. Idiopathic
b. Antietiologic
c. Iatrogenic
d. Nosocomial
ANSWER: A
Idiopathic diseases are those with an unknown, or as of yet unidentified, cause.
REF: p. 3
4. Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells is called:
a. Hyperplasia
b. Dysplasia
c. Neoplasia
d. Aplasia
ANSWER: C
Alterations in cell growth lead to the development of neoplasms (tumors).
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REF: p. 7
5. The initial response of body tissues to local injury is:
a. Infection
b. Ischemia
c. Edema
d. Inflammation
ANSWER: D
Inflammation is the initial response of body tissues to local injury.
REF: p. 3
6. Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by:
a. Hyperemia
b. Scar tissue
c. Hyperplasia
d. Infarction
ANSWER: A
This hyperemia produces the heat and redness associated with inflammation.
REF: p. 3
7. In an injury, the destroyed tissue is replaced with:
a. Granulomatous inflammation
b. Granulation tissue
c. Phagocytes
d. Pyogens
ANSWER: B
A fibrous scar replaces the area of destroyed tissue with granulation tissue. Granulation tissue refers to a combination of young,
developing capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts, which produce connective tissue fibers (collagen) that replace the dead
tissue.
REF: p. 4
8. Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is:
a. Edema
b. Tumor
c. Calor
d. Dolor
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ANSWER: B
The five clinical signs of acute inflammation are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and loss of function.
REF: p. 4
9. Some bacterial organisms that produce these substances that cause damage to the tissue and incite the inflammatory process are
known as:
a. Toxoids
b. Pyogens
c. Toxins
d. Abscesses
ANSWER: C
Some bacterial organisms (such as staphylococci and streptococci) produce toxins that damage the tissues and incite an inflammatory
response.
REF: p. 4
10. Chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has a centralized necrosis is called:
a. An exudates
b. A granuloma
c. An abscess
d. Hyperplasia
ANSWER: B
A granuloma is a localized area of chronic inflammation, often with central necrosis.
REF: p. 4
11. In acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the:
a. Migration of circulating white blood cells
b. Increased blood flow and vascular permeability
c. Regeneration of normal parenchymal cells
d. Enzymatic digestion of dead cells
ANSWER: B
The localized heat and redness result from increased blood flow in the microcirculation at the site of injury.
REF: p. 4
12. In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called:
a. Bacteria
b. Pus
c. Edema
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is this type of process.
a. Idiopathic
b. Iatrogenic
c. Neoplasia
d. Community acquired
ANSWER: B
The disease process caused by physicians and their treatment is iatrogenic.
REF: p. 3
2. Basic reactions of the body to some form of injury is a:
a. Disease process
b. Pathology
c. Study of diseases
d. Idiopathic process
ANSWER: A
A disease is the pattern of the body’s response to some form of injury.
REF: p. 1
3. What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown?
a. Idiopathic
b. Antietiologic
c. Iatrogenic
d. Nosocomial
ANSWER: A
Idiopathic diseases are those with an unknown, or as of yet unidentified, cause.
REF: p. 3
4. Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells is called:
a. Hyperplasia
b. Dysplasia
c. Neoplasia
d. Aplasia
ANSWER: C
Alterations in cell growth lead to the development of neoplasms (tumors).
sive Radiographic
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REF: p. 7
5. The initial response of body tissues to local injury is:
a. Infection
b. Ischemia
c. Edema
d. Inflammation
ANSWER: D
Inflammation is the initial response of body tissues to local injury.
REF: p. 3
6. Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by:
a. Hyperemia
b. Scar tissue
c. Hyperplasia
d. Infarction
ANSWER: A
This hyperemia produces the heat and redness associated with inflammation.
REF: p. 3
7. In an injury, the destroyed tissue is replaced with:
a. Granulomatous inflammation
b. Granulation tissue
c. Phagocytes
d. Pyogens
ANSWER: B
A fibrous scar replaces the area of destroyed tissue with granulation tissue. Granulation tissue refers to a combination of young,
developing capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts, which produce connective tissue fibers (collagen) that replace the dead
tissue.
REF: p. 4
8. Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is:
a. Edema
b. Tumor
c. Calor
d. Dolor
sive Radiographic
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ANSWER: B
The five clinical signs of acute inflammation are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and loss of function.
REF: p. 4
9. Some bacterial organisms that produce these substances that cause damage to the tissue and incite the inflammatory process are
known as:
a. Toxoids
b. Pyogens
c. Toxins
d. Abscesses
ANSWER: C
Some bacterial organisms (such as staphylococci and streptococci) produce toxins that damage the tissues and incite an inflammatory
response.
REF: p. 4
10. Chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has a centralized necrosis is called:
a. An exudates
b. A granuloma
c. An abscess
d. Hyperplasia
ANSWER: B
A granuloma is a localized area of chronic inflammation, often with central necrosis.
REF: p. 4
11. In acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the:
a. Migration of circulating white blood cells
b. Increased blood flow and vascular permeability
c. Regeneration of normal parenchymal cells
d. Enzymatic digestion of dead cells
ANSWER: B
The localized heat and redness result from increased blood flow in the microcirculation at the site of injury.
REF: p. 4
12. In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called:
a. Bacteria
b. Pus
c. Edema
sive Radiographic
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