NUR105
Essentials of Nursing Care: Health
Differences
Latest Final Exam Review
(With Solutions)
2026
1
,A 55-year-old African American male with hypertension has a poorly
controlled blood pressure despite medication adherence. What factor is
most important to assess for health disparities in his care?
A) Genetic predisposition to hypertension
B) Socioeconomic status and access to healthcare
C) Patient’s medication regimen
D) Allergies to medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Socioeconomic factors and access to care are critical
contributors to health disparities, especially in chronic disease
management.
2. Which nursing intervention best addresses cultural competence in a
patient from a non-English speaking background?
A) Use medical jargon to maintain professionalism
B) Rely solely on family for communication
C) Use a trained medical interpreter
D) Speak louder to improve comprehension
Answer: C
Rationale: A trained interpreter ensures accurate communication and
respects the patient's cultural and linguistic needs.
3. What is the primary purpose of the Social Determinants of Health
(SDOH) framework in nursing care planning?
A) To focus only on genetic factors
B) To incorporate environmental and social factors into patient care
C) To standardize treatment protocols
D) To eliminate cultural diversity in practice
Answer: B
Rationale: SDOH framework helps nurses address broader social and
environmental influences on health.
2
, 4. In evaluating health differences among indigenous populations, which
historical factor is most relevant?
A) Technological advancements
B) Colonization and systemic marginalization
C) Dietary trends
D) Urbanization
Answer: B
Rationale: Colonization has caused long-standing health disparities
through systemic oppression.
5. A nurse is caring for a transgender patient. What is the most
appropriate approach to ensure respectful and inclusive care?
A) Use the patient's preferred name and pronouns consistently
B) Ignore gender identity to focus on physical health
C) Avoid discussing gender issues to prevent discomfort
D) Correct the patient if they use inconsistent pronouns
Answer: A
Rationale: Using preferred names and pronouns respects patient identity
and improves care satisfaction.
True/False (T/F)
6. Health literacy affects patients’ ability to manage chronic illnesses
effectively.
Answer: True
Rationale: Poor health literacy is linked to worse health outcomes due to
challenges in understanding instructions.
7. Cultural beliefs have no impact on patients’ willingness to adhere to
prescribed treatment regimens.
Answer: False
Rationale: Cultural beliefs can significantly influence treatment
3
Essentials of Nursing Care: Health
Differences
Latest Final Exam Review
(With Solutions)
2026
1
,A 55-year-old African American male with hypertension has a poorly
controlled blood pressure despite medication adherence. What factor is
most important to assess for health disparities in his care?
A) Genetic predisposition to hypertension
B) Socioeconomic status and access to healthcare
C) Patient’s medication regimen
D) Allergies to medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Socioeconomic factors and access to care are critical
contributors to health disparities, especially in chronic disease
management.
2. Which nursing intervention best addresses cultural competence in a
patient from a non-English speaking background?
A) Use medical jargon to maintain professionalism
B) Rely solely on family for communication
C) Use a trained medical interpreter
D) Speak louder to improve comprehension
Answer: C
Rationale: A trained interpreter ensures accurate communication and
respects the patient's cultural and linguistic needs.
3. What is the primary purpose of the Social Determinants of Health
(SDOH) framework in nursing care planning?
A) To focus only on genetic factors
B) To incorporate environmental and social factors into patient care
C) To standardize treatment protocols
D) To eliminate cultural diversity in practice
Answer: B
Rationale: SDOH framework helps nurses address broader social and
environmental influences on health.
2
, 4. In evaluating health differences among indigenous populations, which
historical factor is most relevant?
A) Technological advancements
B) Colonization and systemic marginalization
C) Dietary trends
D) Urbanization
Answer: B
Rationale: Colonization has caused long-standing health disparities
through systemic oppression.
5. A nurse is caring for a transgender patient. What is the most
appropriate approach to ensure respectful and inclusive care?
A) Use the patient's preferred name and pronouns consistently
B) Ignore gender identity to focus on physical health
C) Avoid discussing gender issues to prevent discomfort
D) Correct the patient if they use inconsistent pronouns
Answer: A
Rationale: Using preferred names and pronouns respects patient identity
and improves care satisfaction.
True/False (T/F)
6. Health literacy affects patients’ ability to manage chronic illnesses
effectively.
Answer: True
Rationale: Poor health literacy is linked to worse health outcomes due to
challenges in understanding instructions.
7. Cultural beliefs have no impact on patients’ willingness to adhere to
prescribed treatment regimens.
Answer: False
Rationale: Cultural beliefs can significantly influence treatment
3
