ATI NUTRITION EXAM STUDY GUIDE
ASSESSMENT PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A+
◉ Glycogen. Answer: stored carbohydrate energy in the liver and
muscles, released in between meals to maintain blood glucose levels.
◉ Recommended fiber intake. Answer: 25g/day for women
38g/day for men
◉ Protein. Answer: Protein should make up 10-35% of calories
(0.8g/kg)
Function: supports tissue building, metabolism, immune function,
maintain nitrogen balance. Important for wound healing!
Provide 9 calories/gram of energy
◉ Complete proteins:. Answer: Contain sufficient amounts of 9
essential amino acids (animal sources and soy)
◉ incomplete proteins. Answer: (Plant sources) can be combined to
make a complete protein
,◉ Examples of PEM. Answer: Kwashiorkor, Marasmus
◉ Lipds/Fats. Answer: Should make up 20-35% of calories (less
than 10% should come from saturated fat, with a goal of less than
7%)
Functions in body: stored energy for the body, provides padding and
insulation. Important for hormone production and absorption of fat
soluble vitamins.
Fats provide 9 calories/gram of energy
◉ Cholesterol. Answer: should be limited to 200-300mg/day
◉ Identify water soluble vs fat soluble vitamins. Answer: Water
soluble: Vitamin C, B-complex (Thiamin B1, Riboflavin B2, Niacin B3,
Pyridoxine B6, Pantothenic acid, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamin B12)
Fat Soluble: Vitamin A, D, E, K.
Fat soluble vitamins have a risk of toxicity since they are stored in
the body for a long time.
◉ Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins. Answer:
Cystic fibrosis, Celiac disease, Crohn's Disease.
◉ Vitamin C. Answer: Function: tissue building, metabolism, IRON
ABSORPTION.
,Foods: citrus fruits.juices, tomatoes, green leafy vegetables, peppers.
Increase during times of stress/illness
Smokers need more.
◉ Deficiency of Vitamin C. Answer: Scurvy - S/S bleeding, joint pain,
swollen gums,
◉ B-Complex. Answer: Function: metabolism, energy, NERVE
FUNCTIONING.
Foods: meats, milk, enriched grains, whole grains, legumes, green
leafy vegetables.
◉ B-Complex deficiencies. Answer: Deficiency of Thiamin -
BERIBERI, common in those with alcohol use disorder.
Riboflavin - cheilosis (cracking at the corner of the mouth, glossitis.)
Folate: can result in NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS in utero.
Cobalamin: PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. Affects strict vegans and those
lacking intrinsic factor (need for absorption of b12)
◉ Vitamin A. Answer: Function: VISION HEALTHL skeletal and soft
tissue development/strength.
Foods: orange/yellow fruits and veggies, fatty fish, eggs, liver, dairy
products.
, ◉ Vitamin A deficiency. Answer: vision issues, xerophthalmia
(dry/thickened conjunctiva and cornea)
◉ Vitamin D. Answer: Function: helps with ABSORPTION OF
CALCIUM and phosphorus, bone mineralization.
Foods/sources: Sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs.
◉ Vitamin D deficiencies. Answer: Rickets, bone loss
◉ Vitamin E. Answer: Function: Antioxidant (protects cells from
damage)
Foods: fat containing foods; vegetable oil, nuts. Dark green
vegetables, whole grains.
◉ Vitamin E deficiency. Answer: Rare: muscle pain/weakness, poor
balance
◉ Vitamin K. Answer: Function: BLOOD CLOTTING, bone
maintenance.
Foods: dark green vegetables, carrots, eggs.
VITAMIN K IS ANTIDOTE FOR WARFARIN!
◉ Vitamin K deficiencies. Answer: INCREASED BLEEDING TIME
ASSESSMENT PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A+
◉ Glycogen. Answer: stored carbohydrate energy in the liver and
muscles, released in between meals to maintain blood glucose levels.
◉ Recommended fiber intake. Answer: 25g/day for women
38g/day for men
◉ Protein. Answer: Protein should make up 10-35% of calories
(0.8g/kg)
Function: supports tissue building, metabolism, immune function,
maintain nitrogen balance. Important for wound healing!
Provide 9 calories/gram of energy
◉ Complete proteins:. Answer: Contain sufficient amounts of 9
essential amino acids (animal sources and soy)
◉ incomplete proteins. Answer: (Plant sources) can be combined to
make a complete protein
,◉ Examples of PEM. Answer: Kwashiorkor, Marasmus
◉ Lipds/Fats. Answer: Should make up 20-35% of calories (less
than 10% should come from saturated fat, with a goal of less than
7%)
Functions in body: stored energy for the body, provides padding and
insulation. Important for hormone production and absorption of fat
soluble vitamins.
Fats provide 9 calories/gram of energy
◉ Cholesterol. Answer: should be limited to 200-300mg/day
◉ Identify water soluble vs fat soluble vitamins. Answer: Water
soluble: Vitamin C, B-complex (Thiamin B1, Riboflavin B2, Niacin B3,
Pyridoxine B6, Pantothenic acid, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamin B12)
Fat Soluble: Vitamin A, D, E, K.
Fat soluble vitamins have a risk of toxicity since they are stored in
the body for a long time.
◉ Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins. Answer:
Cystic fibrosis, Celiac disease, Crohn's Disease.
◉ Vitamin C. Answer: Function: tissue building, metabolism, IRON
ABSORPTION.
,Foods: citrus fruits.juices, tomatoes, green leafy vegetables, peppers.
Increase during times of stress/illness
Smokers need more.
◉ Deficiency of Vitamin C. Answer: Scurvy - S/S bleeding, joint pain,
swollen gums,
◉ B-Complex. Answer: Function: metabolism, energy, NERVE
FUNCTIONING.
Foods: meats, milk, enriched grains, whole grains, legumes, green
leafy vegetables.
◉ B-Complex deficiencies. Answer: Deficiency of Thiamin -
BERIBERI, common in those with alcohol use disorder.
Riboflavin - cheilosis (cracking at the corner of the mouth, glossitis.)
Folate: can result in NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS in utero.
Cobalamin: PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. Affects strict vegans and those
lacking intrinsic factor (need for absorption of b12)
◉ Vitamin A. Answer: Function: VISION HEALTHL skeletal and soft
tissue development/strength.
Foods: orange/yellow fruits and veggies, fatty fish, eggs, liver, dairy
products.
, ◉ Vitamin A deficiency. Answer: vision issues, xerophthalmia
(dry/thickened conjunctiva and cornea)
◉ Vitamin D. Answer: Function: helps with ABSORPTION OF
CALCIUM and phosphorus, bone mineralization.
Foods/sources: Sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs.
◉ Vitamin D deficiencies. Answer: Rickets, bone loss
◉ Vitamin E. Answer: Function: Antioxidant (protects cells from
damage)
Foods: fat containing foods; vegetable oil, nuts. Dark green
vegetables, whole grains.
◉ Vitamin E deficiency. Answer: Rare: muscle pain/weakness, poor
balance
◉ Vitamin K. Answer: Function: BLOOD CLOTTING, bone
maintenance.
Foods: dark green vegetables, carrots, eggs.
VITAMIN K IS ANTIDOTE FOR WARFARIN!
◉ Vitamin K deficiencies. Answer: INCREASED BLEEDING TIME
