NR507 EDAPT WEEK 7 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
What are neurodegenerative disorders? - ANS Conditions that progressively target and
destroy certain areas of brain function, leading to symptoms like tremors, paralysis, and
cognitive decline.
Name two common neurodegenerative disorders. - ANS Dementia and Parkinson's disease.
What is the impact of neurodegenerative disorders on families? - ANS They can significantly
affect friends and family even before total care is required.
What common pathological mechanisms are shared by neurodegenerative diseases? -
ANS Protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal loss.
At what age do symptoms of Parkinson's disease typically begin? - ANS Most clients usually
start having symptoms in their 60s, but it can occur as early as 40.
What area of the brain is primarily affected by Parkinson's disease? - ANS The substantia
nigra in the basal ganglia.
What is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)? - ANS A progressive condition that targets motor
neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What are the symptoms of Huntington's disease? - ANS Uncontrolled movements, emotional
disturbances, and cognitive decline.
What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? - ANS An autoimmune disorder that damages the myelin
sheath in the central nervous system, presenting with a wide range of neurological symptoms.
What is Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? - ANS An autoimmune disorder affecting the
communication between nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue.
What characterizes Alzheimer's disease (AD)? - ANS Accumulation of amyloid plaques and
tau tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal death and cognitive decline.
What causes vascular dementia? - ANS Conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the
brain, often following a stroke.
What are the symptoms of Lewy Body Dementia? - ANS Cognitive decline, fluctuating
alertness, visual hallucinations, and Parkinsonian motor symptoms.
What is Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)? - ANS A type of dementia involving degeneration of
nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes, affecting behavior and language.
What is the importance of early diagnosis in neurodegenerative disorders? - ANS It can
significantly impact treatment effectiveness in slowing degeneration and maintaining neurologic
function.
What are the pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS Accumulation of amyloid-
beta plaques and tau protein tangles leading to neuronal damage and loss.
What role do neuroinflammatory responses play in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS They
contribute to preventing the breakdown of beta-amyloid and the formation of plaques.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, How does Alzheimer's disease affect emotional and behavioral symptoms? - ANS Cognitive
decline can exacerbate or trigger emotional and behavioral symptoms.
What is the genetic risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer's disease? - ANS Related to genetic
autosomal dominance in three different genes.
What is the role of the APOE gene in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS APOE gene mutations can
increase susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease, particularly APOE ε4.
What is the most common allele of the APOE gene? - ANS APOE ε3, which is believed not to
affect the risk of Alzheimer's.
What is the protective allele of the APOE gene? - ANS APOE ε2, which may delay the onset of
Alzheimer's disease.
What is the significance of multidisciplinary teams in Alzheimer's care? - ANS They can
provide comprehensive support, including managing psychiatric symptoms associated with the
disease.
What are some common symptoms of dementia? - ANS Decline in memory, thinking,
behavior, and reduced function impacting everyday activities.
What is the typical age range for the onset of Multiple Sclerosis? - ANS Typically shows up
when clients are in their 20s to 40s.
What is the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and other psychiatric conditions? -
ANS AD may coexist with conditions like major depressive disorder or bipolar disorders,
complicating treatment strategies.
What percentage of the population carries the allele associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD)? -
ANS Roughly 15% to 25% of the population.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
What are neurodegenerative disorders? - ANS Conditions that progressively target and
destroy certain areas of brain function, leading to symptoms like tremors, paralysis, and
cognitive decline.
Name two common neurodegenerative disorders. - ANS Dementia and Parkinson's disease.
What is the impact of neurodegenerative disorders on families? - ANS They can significantly
affect friends and family even before total care is required.
What common pathological mechanisms are shared by neurodegenerative diseases? -
ANS Protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal loss.
At what age do symptoms of Parkinson's disease typically begin? - ANS Most clients usually
start having symptoms in their 60s, but it can occur as early as 40.
What area of the brain is primarily affected by Parkinson's disease? - ANS The substantia
nigra in the basal ganglia.
What is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)? - ANS A progressive condition that targets motor
neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What are the symptoms of Huntington's disease? - ANS Uncontrolled movements, emotional
disturbances, and cognitive decline.
What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? - ANS An autoimmune disorder that damages the myelin
sheath in the central nervous system, presenting with a wide range of neurological symptoms.
What is Myasthenia Gravis (MG)? - ANS An autoimmune disorder affecting the
communication between nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue.
What characterizes Alzheimer's disease (AD)? - ANS Accumulation of amyloid plaques and
tau tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal death and cognitive decline.
What causes vascular dementia? - ANS Conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the
brain, often following a stroke.
What are the symptoms of Lewy Body Dementia? - ANS Cognitive decline, fluctuating
alertness, visual hallucinations, and Parkinsonian motor symptoms.
What is Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)? - ANS A type of dementia involving degeneration of
nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes, affecting behavior and language.
What is the importance of early diagnosis in neurodegenerative disorders? - ANS It can
significantly impact treatment effectiveness in slowing degeneration and maintaining neurologic
function.
What are the pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS Accumulation of amyloid-
beta plaques and tau protein tangles leading to neuronal damage and loss.
What role do neuroinflammatory responses play in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS They
contribute to preventing the breakdown of beta-amyloid and the formation of plaques.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, How does Alzheimer's disease affect emotional and behavioral symptoms? - ANS Cognitive
decline can exacerbate or trigger emotional and behavioral symptoms.
What is the genetic risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer's disease? - ANS Related to genetic
autosomal dominance in three different genes.
What is the role of the APOE gene in Alzheimer's disease? - ANS APOE gene mutations can
increase susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease, particularly APOE ε4.
What is the most common allele of the APOE gene? - ANS APOE ε3, which is believed not to
affect the risk of Alzheimer's.
What is the protective allele of the APOE gene? - ANS APOE ε2, which may delay the onset of
Alzheimer's disease.
What is the significance of multidisciplinary teams in Alzheimer's care? - ANS They can
provide comprehensive support, including managing psychiatric symptoms associated with the
disease.
What are some common symptoms of dementia? - ANS Decline in memory, thinking,
behavior, and reduced function impacting everyday activities.
What is the typical age range for the onset of Multiple Sclerosis? - ANS Typically shows up
when clients are in their 20s to 40s.
What is the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and other psychiatric conditions? -
ANS AD may coexist with conditions like major depressive disorder or bipolar disorders,
complicating treatment strategies.
What percentage of the population carries the allele associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD)? -
ANS Roughly 15% to 25% of the population.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
