NUR 612 EXAM 6 QUESTIONS COMPLETE AND CORRECT ANSWERS

NUR 612 EXAM 6 QUESTIONS COMPLETE AND CORRECT ANSWERS A 20-year-old male who is addicted to crystal methamphetamine has been admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of protein-calorie malnutrition after many months of inadequate food intake. Which treatment plan would the care team most likely favor? A. Rapid administration of normal saline and carbohydrates B. Intravenous infusion of albumin coupled with vitamin supplementation C. Incrementally feeding combined with vitamin and mineral supplementation D. Total parenteral nutrition C. Incrementally feeding combined with vitamin and mineral supplementation Slow administration of protein and calories combined with mineral and vitamin supplementation is important in the treatment of proteincalorie malnutrition. Albumin transfusions and total parenteral feeding would likely not be necessary, and rapid administration of fluids and carbohydrates may precipitate congestive heart failure. A 56-year-old female with a diagnosis of breast cancer has developed bone metastases, which her oncologist would like to treat with radiation therapy. What is her care team's primary goal in the treatment plan of the metastases? A. Thorough elimination of neoplastic cells in the bone structure B. Preservation of normal weight bearing and range of motion C. Prevention of pathologic fractures D. Ensuring vascular supply to the bone is not affected C. Prevention of pathologic fractures While care providers would certainly try to maintain blood supply and mobility, the primary goal in the treatment of bone metastases is to prevent pathologic fractures. Complete elimination of neoplastic cells is not commonly attainable with radiation treatment. A male patient complaining of chronic cramping, bloating, and diarrhea has been determined to have a deficiency in brush border enzymes within his small intestine. Which meals or snacks high in carbohydrates and protein will likely exacerbate the patient's signs and symptoms? A. Grapefruit and prunes B. Roast beef and a baked potato C. Tortilla chips and guacamole D. Tossed salad with an oil and vinegar dressing B. Roast beef and a baked potato Brush border enzymes are primarily responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, substances best exemplified by a baked potato and roast beef, respectively. The other choices are not high in both carbohydrates and proteins. Which statement best conveys an aspect of the process of keratinization? A. The stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses. B. The basal cells of the epidermis migrate to the skin surface at a rate that matches superficial losses of skin cells. C. Keratin cells synthesized in the dermis migrate to the surface over 20 to 30 days. D. Mitosis that begins with the cells of the stratum granulosum results in a continual supply of new keratinocytes. A. The stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses. The stratum germinativum, or stratum basale, consists of a single layer of basal cells that are attached to the basal lamina. The basal cells, which are columnar, undergo mitosis to produce new keratinocytes that move toward the skin surface to replace cells lost during normal skin shedding. Keratinization does not originate in the dermis or stratum granulosum, and the basal cells of the epidermis do not migrate to the surface. Which individual is most likely to develop a form of reactive arthritis? A. A 3-year-old girl who was born with a 20-degree congenital scoliosis B. A 79-year-old male who had a total hip replacement 2 months prior C. A 46-year-old female who has a long-standing diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus D. A 24-year-old male who completed treatment for a chlamydial infection 1 year ago D. A 24-year-old male who completed treatment for a chlamydial infection 1 year ago Reactive arthritis and Reiter syndrome, in particular, are precipitated by time-distant bacterial infections; Chlamydia trachomatis is frequently implicated. SLE, scoliosis, and hip fractures and/or surgery are not noted risk factors for the health problem. A patient has just been diagnosed with pernicious anemia. The patient asks the nurse practitioner why his body is not able to absorb vitamin B12. What is the nurse practitioner's best response? A. "Your daily intake of high saturated fats is interfering with the stomach's ability to absorb the nutrients that it needs, especially vitamin B12." B. "More than likely, you were born with deficient vitamin B12 stores." C. "You have too many ulcers in your stomach." D. "Your stomach is not secreting a substance known as intrinsic factor, which is needed to absorb vitamin B12." D. "Your stomach is not secreting a substance known as intrinsic factor, which is needed to absorb vitamin B12." Vitamin B12 is not absorbed in the absence of intrinsic factor, which is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach. Ulcers in the stomach do not cause pernicious anemia. This is not a congenital problem, nor does the intake of fats interfere with the secretion of intrinsic factor. Parents have brought their 7-year-old child into the emergency room with abdominal pain. Which clinical manifestation would lead the health care team to suspect the child has appendicitis? A. Bloating and flatulence noticeable B. Urine has the smell of stool with brown coloring C. Redness and warmth over right lower quadrant D. Rebound tenderness in inguinal areas with palpation D. Rebound tenderness in inguinal areas with palpation Appendicitis usually has an abrupt onset. Palpation of the abdomen usually reveals a deep tenderness in the LRQ, which is confined to a small area approximately the size of the fingertip.