NUR 505 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT

NUR 505 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% CORRECT Oral Hairy Leukoplakia - ANSWER -White, irregular lesions on lateral side of tongue or buccal mucosa; may have prominent folds or "hairy" projections -Can be associated with HIV,AIDS Angular cheilitis - ANSWER -inflammation of the corners of the mouth Aphthous ulcers - ANSWER -"canker sores"; small, painful, round ulcers in the oral mucosa of unknown cause Kaposi sarcoma - ANSWER -In the mouth, incompletely formed blood vessels proliferate, forming lesions of various shades and size as blood extravasates in response to the malignant tumor of the epithelium Maxillary sinuses occur by - ANSWER -4 years of age Frontal sinuses occur by - ANSWER -7-8 years of age Biot respirations - ANSWER --Irregular respirations varying in depth and interrupted by intervals of apnea that lacks repetitive pattern -Associated with severe and persistent increased intracranial pressure, respiratory compromise resulting from drug poisoning, or brain damage at the level of the medulla and generally indicates a poor prognosis Cheyne-Stokes respirations - ANSWER --A regular periodic pattern of breathing with intervals of apnea followed by a crescendo/decrescendo sequence of respiration is called periodic breathing -Children and older adults may exhibit this pattern during sleep, but otherwise it occurs in patients who are seriously ill, particularly those with brain damage at the cerebral level, with drug-associated respiratory compromise or severe congestive heart failure. Hamman sign - ANSWER -Mediastinal crunch is found with mediastinal emphysema. A great variety of sounds (loud crackles, clicking, and gurgling sounds) are heard over the precordium. Vesicular - ANSWER -breath sounds that are low-pitched, low-intensity sounds heard over healthy lung tissue. Bronchovesicular - ANSWER -Breath sounds that are heard over the major bronchi and are typically moderate in pitch and intensity Bronchial - ANSWER -The sounds highest in pitch and intensity are the bronchial breath sounds, which are ordinarily heard only over the trachea. § Bronchophony - ANSWER -· Greater clarity when a spoken sound is auscultated § Pectoriloquy - ANSWER -· Whispered word is heard with clarity in the presence of consolidation § Egophony - ANSWER -· When a spoken "E" is heard as an "A" Increased lung fremitus - ANSWER -Occurs in the presence of fluids or a solid mass within the lungs and may be caused by lung consolidation, heavy but nonobstructive bronchial secretions or compressed lung Ammonia breath odor - ANSWER -Uremia (ammonia) Hallitosis breath odor - ANSWER -Tonsilitis, gingivitis, respiratory infection, GERD Cinnamon breath odor - ANSWER -TB Fish, clover breath odor - ANSWER -Fetor hepaticus, hepatic failure, portal vein thrombosis, portocaval shunts Fecal breath odor - ANSWER -bowel obstruction Resonance in the lungs - ANSWER -the expected sound, can usually be heard over all areas of the lungs. Hyperresonance in the lungs - ANSWER -Associated with hyperinflation may indicate emphysema, pneumothorax, or asthma. Dullness or flatness in the lungs - ANSWER -Diminished air movement and suggests pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, or asthma. Murphy's sign - ANSWER -Pain with palplation of gall bladder (seen with cholecystitis) Causes for abdominal distention - ANSWER -obstruction diuretics hypokalemia Fluid Wave - ANSWER -Supine, have another person to press hand firmly along vertical midline of the abdomen. Place your hands on each side of the abdomen and strike one side and feel for the impulse of a fluid wave of the other hand Iliopsoas Muscle Test - ANSWER -Ask the patient to lie supine and then place your hand over the lower right thigh. Ask the patient to raise the right leg, flexing at the hip, while you push downward Obturator muscle test - ANSWER -If ruptured appendix or pelvic abscess suspected While in the supine position, ask the patient to flex the right leg at the hip and knee to 90 degrees. Hold the leg just above the knee, grasp the ankle, and rotate the leg laterally and medially