NUR612 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
MCCANCE & HUETHER 8TH EDITION
UPDATE THIS YEAR
QUESTIONAn organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is referred to
as a/an
A. Golgi complex.
B. mitochondrion.
C. endoplasmic reticulum.
D. nucleolus. - answer-B. mitochondrion
Mitochondria play a role in cellular metabolism, cellular respiration, and energy production.
The Golgi complex is responsible for processing and packaging proteins from the endoplasmic
reticulum, where they are synthesized. The nucleolus is a small, dense structure that contains
the ribonucleic acid (RNA), DNA, and DNA-binding proteins.
Ch01.3
QUESTIONWhich statement best describes a desmosome?
A. A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
B. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
C. A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
D. Desmosomes function as a zona occludens. - answer-B. Desmosomes hold cells together
by continuous bands.
The desmosome is a type of cell junction. The other two types include tight junctions and gap
junctions. Desmosomes hold cells together by forming a continuous band of epithelial tissue
or belt (or button-like) points of contact. They are also a source of structural stability. Tight
,junctions serve as barriers to diffusion and prevent the movement of substances through It is
true that a eukaryotic cell
A. is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
B. contains structures called organelles.
C. lacks a well-defined nucleus.
D. does not contain histones. - answer-B. Contains structures called organelles.
Eukaryotic cells contain organelles and histones, they have a well-defined nucleus, and are
larger than prokaryotic cells.
Ch01.1
QUESTIONThe function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular
A. division.
B. movement.
C. activities.
D. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding. - answer-D. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding.
The histones are binding proteins that cause the supercoiling of DNA into chromosomes and
do not affect cellular division, movement, or activities.
Ch01.2
transport proteins. Gap junctions are clusters of communicating tunnels.
Ch01.4
QUESTIONWhich statement describes the function of a second messenger?
A. Binds with membrane-bound receptors via a ligand
,B. Triggers a cascade of intracellular events
C. Opens specific channels in the cell membrane
D. Blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal - answer-B. Triggers a cascade of intracellular
events
The binding of a ligand to a cell surface receptor triggers the activation of intracellular second
messengers. Second messengers activate signal transduction pathways in the cell that can
initiate different intracellular events. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and calcium
(Ca++) are the two major second-messenger pathways. First messengers are the
extracellular ligands that bind to cell surface receptors. Binding of first messengers can result
in the opening or closing of specific cell membrane channels or the activation of second
messengers.
Ch01.5
QUESTIONWhich statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
A. Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
B. Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine triphosphate
(ATP).
C. Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
D. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen. - answer-C. Oxidative
phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. This is the mechanism by which the
energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP. Glycolysis is a
process that breaks down glucose molecules; it produces a net of two ATP molecules.
Oxidation is a process during which a pair of electrons are removed and transferred. Oxidative
cellular metabolism involves 10 biochemical reactions. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the
absence of oxygen. Aerobic means in the presence of oxygen.
Ch01.6
QUESTIONMovement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration is called
, A. diffusion.
B. filtration.
C. osmosis.
D. hydrostatic pressure. - answer-A. diffusion.
Diffusion is the movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water down a concentration gradient from an area
of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. Filtration is the
movement of water and solute through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure on
one side of the membrane than the other. Hydrostatic pressure is the mechanical force of
water pushing against a cell membrane.
Ch01.7
Ch01.11
QUESTIONRibosomes are nucleoproteins that
A. are synthesized in the mitochondria and secreted into the cytosol.
B. are synthesized in the cytoplasm.
C. consist of a network of cisternae.
D. synthesize a signal recognition sequence. - answer-D. synthesize a signal recognition
sequence.
Ch1.1PPT
Structure and Function of Cellular Components of Eukaryotic Cell
QUESTIONThe plasma membrane of a cell is
A. permeable to water soluble molecules' movement into the cell.
MCCANCE & HUETHER 8TH EDITION
UPDATE THIS YEAR
QUESTIONAn organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is referred to
as a/an
A. Golgi complex.
B. mitochondrion.
C. endoplasmic reticulum.
D. nucleolus. - answer-B. mitochondrion
Mitochondria play a role in cellular metabolism, cellular respiration, and energy production.
The Golgi complex is responsible for processing and packaging proteins from the endoplasmic
reticulum, where they are synthesized. The nucleolus is a small, dense structure that contains
the ribonucleic acid (RNA), DNA, and DNA-binding proteins.
Ch01.3
QUESTIONWhich statement best describes a desmosome?
A. A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
B. Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
C. A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
D. Desmosomes function as a zona occludens. - answer-B. Desmosomes hold cells together
by continuous bands.
The desmosome is a type of cell junction. The other two types include tight junctions and gap
junctions. Desmosomes hold cells together by forming a continuous band of epithelial tissue
or belt (or button-like) points of contact. They are also a source of structural stability. Tight
,junctions serve as barriers to diffusion and prevent the movement of substances through It is
true that a eukaryotic cell
A. is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
B. contains structures called organelles.
C. lacks a well-defined nucleus.
D. does not contain histones. - answer-B. Contains structures called organelles.
Eukaryotic cells contain organelles and histones, they have a well-defined nucleus, and are
larger than prokaryotic cells.
Ch01.1
QUESTIONThe function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular
A. division.
B. movement.
C. activities.
D. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding. - answer-D. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding.
The histones are binding proteins that cause the supercoiling of DNA into chromosomes and
do not affect cellular division, movement, or activities.
Ch01.2
transport proteins. Gap junctions are clusters of communicating tunnels.
Ch01.4
QUESTIONWhich statement describes the function of a second messenger?
A. Binds with membrane-bound receptors via a ligand
,B. Triggers a cascade of intracellular events
C. Opens specific channels in the cell membrane
D. Blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal - answer-B. Triggers a cascade of intracellular
events
The binding of a ligand to a cell surface receptor triggers the activation of intracellular second
messengers. Second messengers activate signal transduction pathways in the cell that can
initiate different intracellular events. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and calcium
(Ca++) are the two major second-messenger pathways. First messengers are the
extracellular ligands that bind to cell surface receptors. Binding of first messengers can result
in the opening or closing of specific cell membrane channels or the activation of second
messengers.
Ch01.5
QUESTIONWhich statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
A. Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
B. Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine triphosphate
(ATP).
C. Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
D. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen. - answer-C. Oxidative
phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. This is the mechanism by which the
energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP. Glycolysis is a
process that breaks down glucose molecules; it produces a net of two ATP molecules.
Oxidation is a process during which a pair of electrons are removed and transferred. Oxidative
cellular metabolism involves 10 biochemical reactions. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the
absence of oxygen. Aerobic means in the presence of oxygen.
Ch01.6
QUESTIONMovement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration is called
, A. diffusion.
B. filtration.
C. osmosis.
D. hydrostatic pressure. - answer-A. diffusion.
Diffusion is the movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water down a concentration gradient from an area
of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. Filtration is the
movement of water and solute through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure on
one side of the membrane than the other. Hydrostatic pressure is the mechanical force of
water pushing against a cell membrane.
Ch01.7
Ch01.11
QUESTIONRibosomes are nucleoproteins that
A. are synthesized in the mitochondria and secreted into the cytosol.
B. are synthesized in the cytoplasm.
C. consist of a network of cisternae.
D. synthesize a signal recognition sequence. - answer-D. synthesize a signal recognition
sequence.
Ch1.1PPT
Structure and Function of Cellular Components of Eukaryotic Cell
QUESTIONThe plasma membrane of a cell is
A. permeable to water soluble molecules' movement into the cell.
