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ABO NCLE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|
ACCURATE REAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND RATIONALE|ALREADY A
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS|LATEST UPDATE 2025.
Optometrists - CORRECT ANSWER Doctors of Optometry focused on regular vision care
including routine eye health exams and vision tests, prescribing eyewear, and monitoring eye
conditions.
Orthoptist - CORRECT ANSWER Specializes in diagnosing and managing eye movement and
coordination problems
Change a bifocal Rx to a single vision Rx - CORRECT ANSWER Add the bifocal power to the
sphere powers.
OD: -0.50
OS: -0.25-0.25x172
Add: +1.75
Turns into-
OD: +1.25
OS: +1.50-0.25x172
Anisometropia - CORRECT ANSWER There is a difference of 3 diopters between both eyes;
when the vision of the eyes differs by a large margin.
Antimetropia - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to Rx's that differ in sign.
Ex. OD: +0.25
OS: -0.75
Simple Hyperopia - CORRECT ANSWER The Rx will be a + sphere
Simple Myopia - CORRECT ANSWER The Rx will be - sphere
Marcus Gunn - CORRECT ANSWER Tests to see if both pupils constrict when a light is shined
in one eye. Tests for abnormalties in pupillary reaction.
optotypes - CORRECT ANSWER letters on the Snellen Chart
Who is said to be the pioneer lens designer (1268) - CORRECT ANSWER Roger Bacon
Who is generally credited with the invention of spectacles? - CORRECT ANSWER Salvino
d'Armati of Florence, Italy (1285)
When were minus or concave lenses invented? - CORRECT ANSWER 16th century for
correction of myopic eyes (nearsightedness)
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When were toric lenses invented and by whom? - CORRECT ANSWER 19th century by
Suscipi
Who is credited with making the first bifocals? - CORRECT ANSWER Benjamin Franklin
(1784)
Who aroused the interest of physicians concerning the exam of the eye and prescribing spectale
lenses? - CORRECT ANSWER F.C. Donders (1800)
Ocularist - CORRECT ANSWER a paramedical technician who designs, fabricates, hand paints,
and fits ocular protheses for those who have lost one or both eyes
photophobia - CORRECT ANSWER fear of light
iritis - CORRECT ANSWER an inflammation of the iris.
contraocular - CORRECT ANSWER pertaining to the opposite eye
enophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER recession of the eyeball into the orbit
heterotropia - CORRECT ANSWER eyes do not maintain parallelism, but take a permanent
position of convergence or divergence
uvetis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation involving the uveal tract
hyphema - CORRECT ANSWER blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
binocular - CORRECT ANSWER pertaining to both eyes, the use of both eyes simutaneously
anophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER abscence of an eyeball (newborn)
aspheric - CORRECT ANSWER a curve of multiple radii
achromat - CORRECT ANSWER a totally color blind individual, a lens free from chromatic
abberation
hemophthalmia - CORRECT ANSWER blood (hemmorrhage) within the eye
aniridia - CORRECT ANSWER complete or partial absence of the iris
endophthalmitis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of
the eye
ansiotropia - CORRECT ANSWER unequal turning of the eyes
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diplopia - CORRECT ANSWER double vision
exophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER abnormal protrusion of the eyeball outward and forward
hemianopsia - CORRECT ANSWER blindness in half the visual field of one or both eyes
opthalmoscope - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument for viewing the fundus and interior of the
eye
supraduction - CORRECT ANSWER an upward rotation of the eye
retinoscope - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument for viewing or shinning light on the retina to
determine the refractive state of the eye
keratitis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the cornea
keratoconus - CORRECT ANSWER deformity of the cornea in which it becomes cone shapped,
due to stretching of tissues in its central area.
kerat-;kerato- - CORRECT ANSWER cornea
blaph-; blapharo- - CORRECT ANSWER eyelid
lach- - CORRECT ANSWER tears
dacry- - CORRECT ANSWER tears (abnormal)
core- - CORRECT ANSWER pupil
phac- - CORRECT ANSWER lens
phoria- - CORRECT ANSWER muscular imbalance
heterophoria - CORRECT ANSWER the tendency for one eye to deviate as the other remains
fixed
exophoria - CORRECT ANSWER muscular imbalance where an eye has a tendency to move
outward
hyperphoria - CORRECT ANSWER tendency for one eye to deviate upward
orthophoria - CORRECT ANSWER normal muscular balance and alignment of the eyes with no
tendency to deviate
keratoscope - CORRECT ANSWER instrument for examining the curvature of the cornea
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dicoria - CORRECT ANSWER two pupils in one eye
blepharedema - CORRECT ANSWER abnormal excess of watery fluid in the tissue spaces of
the eyelid.
hypophoria - CORRECT ANSWER tendency for one eye to deviate downward
convert m to cm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 2 places right
convert cm to mm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 1 place right
convert m to mm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 3 places right
convert mm to m - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 3 places left
convert mm to cm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 1 place left
convert cm to m - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 2 places left
system of angular measurement - CORRECT ANSWER A circle= 360 degrees
1 degree= 60 minutes
1 minute= 60 seconds
conversion between units of angular measurements - CORRECT ANSWER 1. degrees to
minutes: multiply degrees by 60
2. minutes to seconds: multiply minutes by 60
3. seconds to minutes: divide seconds by 60
4. minutes to degrees: divide minutes by 60
Isaac Newton's corpuscular theory of light - CORRECT ANSWER light is small particles of
energy
Christian Huygens wave theory of light - CORRECT ANSWER light is a series of waves of
varying lengths
the speed of light - CORRECT ANSWER 186,000 miles per second (in air)
visible spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER violet: 380 nm
blue: 460 nm
green: 510 nm
yellow: 560 nm
orange: 610 nm
red: 660 nm
Light rays which diverge - CORRECT ANSWER - rays
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1 of 55 Edition
ABO NCLE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|
ACCURATE REAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND RATIONALE|ALREADY A
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS|LATEST UPDATE 2025.
Optometrists - CORRECT ANSWER Doctors of Optometry focused on regular vision care
including routine eye health exams and vision tests, prescribing eyewear, and monitoring eye
conditions.
Orthoptist - CORRECT ANSWER Specializes in diagnosing and managing eye movement and
coordination problems
Change a bifocal Rx to a single vision Rx - CORRECT ANSWER Add the bifocal power to the
sphere powers.
OD: -0.50
OS: -0.25-0.25x172
Add: +1.75
Turns into-
OD: +1.25
OS: +1.50-0.25x172
Anisometropia - CORRECT ANSWER There is a difference of 3 diopters between both eyes;
when the vision of the eyes differs by a large margin.
Antimetropia - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to Rx's that differ in sign.
Ex. OD: +0.25
OS: -0.75
Simple Hyperopia - CORRECT ANSWER The Rx will be a + sphere
Simple Myopia - CORRECT ANSWER The Rx will be - sphere
Marcus Gunn - CORRECT ANSWER Tests to see if both pupils constrict when a light is shined
in one eye. Tests for abnormalties in pupillary reaction.
optotypes - CORRECT ANSWER letters on the Snellen Chart
Who is said to be the pioneer lens designer (1268) - CORRECT ANSWER Roger Bacon
Who is generally credited with the invention of spectacles? - CORRECT ANSWER Salvino
d'Armati of Florence, Italy (1285)
When were minus or concave lenses invented? - CORRECT ANSWER 16th century for
correction of myopic eyes (nearsightedness)
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When were toric lenses invented and by whom? - CORRECT ANSWER 19th century by
Suscipi
Who is credited with making the first bifocals? - CORRECT ANSWER Benjamin Franklin
(1784)
Who aroused the interest of physicians concerning the exam of the eye and prescribing spectale
lenses? - CORRECT ANSWER F.C. Donders (1800)
Ocularist - CORRECT ANSWER a paramedical technician who designs, fabricates, hand paints,
and fits ocular protheses for those who have lost one or both eyes
photophobia - CORRECT ANSWER fear of light
iritis - CORRECT ANSWER an inflammation of the iris.
contraocular - CORRECT ANSWER pertaining to the opposite eye
enophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER recession of the eyeball into the orbit
heterotropia - CORRECT ANSWER eyes do not maintain parallelism, but take a permanent
position of convergence or divergence
uvetis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation involving the uveal tract
hyphema - CORRECT ANSWER blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
binocular - CORRECT ANSWER pertaining to both eyes, the use of both eyes simutaneously
anophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER abscence of an eyeball (newborn)
aspheric - CORRECT ANSWER a curve of multiple radii
achromat - CORRECT ANSWER a totally color blind individual, a lens free from chromatic
abberation
hemophthalmia - CORRECT ANSWER blood (hemmorrhage) within the eye
aniridia - CORRECT ANSWER complete or partial absence of the iris
endophthalmitis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of
the eye
ansiotropia - CORRECT ANSWER unequal turning of the eyes
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diplopia - CORRECT ANSWER double vision
exophthalmos - CORRECT ANSWER abnormal protrusion of the eyeball outward and forward
hemianopsia - CORRECT ANSWER blindness in half the visual field of one or both eyes
opthalmoscope - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument for viewing the fundus and interior of the
eye
supraduction - CORRECT ANSWER an upward rotation of the eye
retinoscope - CORRECT ANSWER an instrument for viewing or shinning light on the retina to
determine the refractive state of the eye
keratitis - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the cornea
keratoconus - CORRECT ANSWER deformity of the cornea in which it becomes cone shapped,
due to stretching of tissues in its central area.
kerat-;kerato- - CORRECT ANSWER cornea
blaph-; blapharo- - CORRECT ANSWER eyelid
lach- - CORRECT ANSWER tears
dacry- - CORRECT ANSWER tears (abnormal)
core- - CORRECT ANSWER pupil
phac- - CORRECT ANSWER lens
phoria- - CORRECT ANSWER muscular imbalance
heterophoria - CORRECT ANSWER the tendency for one eye to deviate as the other remains
fixed
exophoria - CORRECT ANSWER muscular imbalance where an eye has a tendency to move
outward
hyperphoria - CORRECT ANSWER tendency for one eye to deviate upward
orthophoria - CORRECT ANSWER normal muscular balance and alignment of the eyes with no
tendency to deviate
keratoscope - CORRECT ANSWER instrument for examining the curvature of the cornea
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dicoria - CORRECT ANSWER two pupils in one eye
blepharedema - CORRECT ANSWER abnormal excess of watery fluid in the tissue spaces of
the eyelid.
hypophoria - CORRECT ANSWER tendency for one eye to deviate downward
convert m to cm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 2 places right
convert cm to mm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 1 place right
convert m to mm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 3 places right
convert mm to m - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 3 places left
convert mm to cm - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 1 place left
convert cm to m - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal 2 places left
system of angular measurement - CORRECT ANSWER A circle= 360 degrees
1 degree= 60 minutes
1 minute= 60 seconds
conversion between units of angular measurements - CORRECT ANSWER 1. degrees to
minutes: multiply degrees by 60
2. minutes to seconds: multiply minutes by 60
3. seconds to minutes: divide seconds by 60
4. minutes to degrees: divide minutes by 60
Isaac Newton's corpuscular theory of light - CORRECT ANSWER light is small particles of
energy
Christian Huygens wave theory of light - CORRECT ANSWER light is a series of waves of
varying lengths
the speed of light - CORRECT ANSWER 186,000 miles per second (in air)
visible spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER violet: 380 nm
blue: 460 nm
green: 510 nm
yellow: 560 nm
orange: 610 nm
red: 660 nm
Light rays which diverge - CORRECT ANSWER - rays
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Latest 2026/2027
Edition Edition
