NCA 622 Exam 1 PlayPosit and Quiz Questions, 622 EXAM ONE + prequizzes|Questions with
Correct Answers 100% Verified By Experts| 2025/2026 Latest Update
What is the goal of evidence-based medicine?
a. Patient satisfaction with their care
b. Positive impacts on the patients' outcomes
c. Reduced length of stay and costs for the patient
d. Improve the patient to provider experience b. Positive impacts of the patients' outcomes
What is the first step of conducting a research study?
a. Identify the population
b. Perform a literature review
c. Formulate the research problem
d. Formulate a hypothesis c. Formulate the research problem
What is the last step in the research process?
a. Interpret results
b. Perform data analysis
c. Disseminate the findings
d. Identify the methods oof data collection. c. Disseminate the findings
Which research design is more susceptible to biases?
a. Qualitative
b. Quasi-experimental
c. Cohort
d. Cross-sectional a. Qualitative
Which research design helps provide answers to the questions of who, what, when, where, and
how associated with a particular research problem?
,a. Qualitative
b. Cross-sectional
c. Correlational
d. Descriptive d. Descriptive
An observational study draws a conclusion by comparing subjects against a control group, in
cases where the researcher has no control over the experiment. This study is a type of which
research design?
a. Correlational
b. Quasi-experimental
c. Longitudinal
d. Qualitative a. Correlational
This type of study follows the same sample over time and makes repeated observations by
interviewing at regular intervals or increments of time?
a. Cross-sectional
b. Longitudinal
c. Correlatiional
d. Cohort b. Longitudinal
All of the following studies are considered clinical research except:
a. Case reports
b. Case control studies
c. Systematic reviews
d. Animal research d. Animal research
Which study is the highest level of evidence?
a. Meta-analysis
,b. Randomized controlled double blind
c. In vitro
d. Case series a. Meta-analysis
The probability of obtaining the observed values if the null hypothesis is true is known as:
a. Alpha
b. P value
c. Likelihood ratio
d. Reliability b. P value
If the alpha level for a study is set at 0.05 and the p value of the study was found to be 0.01,
what would one conclude from this finding?
a. There is no statistical significance
b. There is no clinical significance
c. There is statistical and clinical significance
d. There is a statistical significance d. There is a statistical significance
A clinical study of the results of two different therapies for hypertension reports that the mean
blood pressure using therapy A was less than that using therapy B. The authors report a pp
value oof < 0.05 for the difference between the two therapies and statistical significance is
confirmed. Which oof the following represents the proper interpretation of this p value?
a. Therapy A is five times better than Therapy B
b. There is less than a 5% probability that these results occurred by chance alone
c. There is a 5% probability that therapy A lowers blood pressure
d. The difference between therapy A and therapy B is 5% b. There is less than a 5%
probability that these results occurred by chance alone.
Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction is a cellular response and considered a delayed hypersensitivity
reaction. T/F True
, All of the following are associated with Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions except:
a. serum sickness
b. angioedema
c. hay fever
d. eczema
e allergic rhinitis
f. systemic anaphylaxis a. Serum sickness
A 21yo presents with facial swelling, urticaria, and hives after attending a party where she ate
lunch. A Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction is due to:
a. IgM mediated reaction
b. IgE mediated reaction
c. IgG mediated reaction
d. unrelated to any immunoglobulin mediated reaction b. IgE
All of the following are Type 2 cytotoxic complement mediated hypersensitivity reactions
except:
a. Rheumatic fever
b. Hemolytic anemia
c. Rh incompatibility
d. Goodpasture's syndrome
e. Steven Johnson syndrome e. Steven Johnson syndrome
Serum sickness, rheumatoid arthritis, and an arthrus reaction are all Type 3 hypersensitivity
reactions. T/F True
Type 4 T cell mediated delayed hypersensitivity reactions include all of the following except:
Correct Answers 100% Verified By Experts| 2025/2026 Latest Update
What is the goal of evidence-based medicine?
a. Patient satisfaction with their care
b. Positive impacts on the patients' outcomes
c. Reduced length of stay and costs for the patient
d. Improve the patient to provider experience b. Positive impacts of the patients' outcomes
What is the first step of conducting a research study?
a. Identify the population
b. Perform a literature review
c. Formulate the research problem
d. Formulate a hypothesis c. Formulate the research problem
What is the last step in the research process?
a. Interpret results
b. Perform data analysis
c. Disseminate the findings
d. Identify the methods oof data collection. c. Disseminate the findings
Which research design is more susceptible to biases?
a. Qualitative
b. Quasi-experimental
c. Cohort
d. Cross-sectional a. Qualitative
Which research design helps provide answers to the questions of who, what, when, where, and
how associated with a particular research problem?
,a. Qualitative
b. Cross-sectional
c. Correlational
d. Descriptive d. Descriptive
An observational study draws a conclusion by comparing subjects against a control group, in
cases where the researcher has no control over the experiment. This study is a type of which
research design?
a. Correlational
b. Quasi-experimental
c. Longitudinal
d. Qualitative a. Correlational
This type of study follows the same sample over time and makes repeated observations by
interviewing at regular intervals or increments of time?
a. Cross-sectional
b. Longitudinal
c. Correlatiional
d. Cohort b. Longitudinal
All of the following studies are considered clinical research except:
a. Case reports
b. Case control studies
c. Systematic reviews
d. Animal research d. Animal research
Which study is the highest level of evidence?
a. Meta-analysis
,b. Randomized controlled double blind
c. In vitro
d. Case series a. Meta-analysis
The probability of obtaining the observed values if the null hypothesis is true is known as:
a. Alpha
b. P value
c. Likelihood ratio
d. Reliability b. P value
If the alpha level for a study is set at 0.05 and the p value of the study was found to be 0.01,
what would one conclude from this finding?
a. There is no statistical significance
b. There is no clinical significance
c. There is statistical and clinical significance
d. There is a statistical significance d. There is a statistical significance
A clinical study of the results of two different therapies for hypertension reports that the mean
blood pressure using therapy A was less than that using therapy B. The authors report a pp
value oof < 0.05 for the difference between the two therapies and statistical significance is
confirmed. Which oof the following represents the proper interpretation of this p value?
a. Therapy A is five times better than Therapy B
b. There is less than a 5% probability that these results occurred by chance alone
c. There is a 5% probability that therapy A lowers blood pressure
d. The difference between therapy A and therapy B is 5% b. There is less than a 5%
probability that these results occurred by chance alone.
Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction is a cellular response and considered a delayed hypersensitivity
reaction. T/F True
, All of the following are associated with Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions except:
a. serum sickness
b. angioedema
c. hay fever
d. eczema
e allergic rhinitis
f. systemic anaphylaxis a. Serum sickness
A 21yo presents with facial swelling, urticaria, and hives after attending a party where she ate
lunch. A Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction is due to:
a. IgM mediated reaction
b. IgE mediated reaction
c. IgG mediated reaction
d. unrelated to any immunoglobulin mediated reaction b. IgE
All of the following are Type 2 cytotoxic complement mediated hypersensitivity reactions
except:
a. Rheumatic fever
b. Hemolytic anemia
c. Rh incompatibility
d. Goodpasture's syndrome
e. Steven Johnson syndrome e. Steven Johnson syndrome
Serum sickness, rheumatoid arthritis, and an arthrus reaction are all Type 3 hypersensitivity
reactions. T/F True
Type 4 T cell mediated delayed hypersensitivity reactions include all of the following except:
