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H3 summary of the book as a word document

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Summary of 9 pages for the course Oncologie at UU (very detailed)

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January 15, 2026
Number of pages
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Written in
2025/2026
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H3 boek aantekeningen
Non-coding RNAs (niet voor een eiwit!)
⁃ afkomsting van zowel (non) als coderend DNA
⁃ bv intronen
⁃ bv intergenic = regions between genes

veel SNPs mutaties bij kanker zijn intergenic, intronic. een klein percentage slechts
in UTR of coderend DNA.




epigenetia = overerfbare aanpassingen in genexpressie, geen DNA sequentie
verandering

3.1 transcription factors and transcriptional regulation
DNA binding domains (afkomstig van een eiwit, zoals tf)
1. helix-turn-helix motif
2. helix-loop-helix motif
3. leucine zipper motif (alpha helix dimeer)
4. zinc finger motif




Hallmarks:

, 1. Sustaining proliferative signal
2. Evading growth suppressors
3. Avoiding immune destruction
4. Enabling replicative immortality
5. Tumor-promoting inflammation: uitscheiden cytokines -> uitscheiden proteases
6. Invasion en metastasis
7. Inducing angiogenesis
8. Genome instability and mutation
9. Resisting cell death
10. Deregulating cellular energetics




AP-1 transcription factor is composed of Jun and Fos families: (Jun, Jun B, Jun D,
Fos, Fos B, FRA1, and FRA2) -> 18 combinations
⁃ each member has a leucine zipper dimerization domain
⁃ activated by growth factors, ROS, radiation
⁃ Jun = positive regulator of proliferation
⁃ Jun B = negative regulator in prescence of Jun
⁃ overexpressed in tumor cells

steroid hormones
⁃ diffuses through membrane -> binds intracellular receptors in cytoplasm->
becomes tf -> influence transcription
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