NR 293 - EXAM 1 Questions and Verified
Answers
Drug Correct Answer: Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a
living organism
Pharmacology Correct Answer: The study or science of drugs
Chemical Name Correct Answer: Describes the drug's chemical composition and
molecular structure (not usually used in nursing)
Generic Name Correct Answer: Name given by the United States Adopted Names
council. The universal name, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen
Trade Name Correct Answer: AKA proprietary name. The drug has a registered
trademark, use of the name is restricted by the drug's patent owner. Ex is Motrin
and Advil, they are both ibuprofen
Pharmaceutics Correct Answer: The study of how various drug forms influence the
way in which the drug affects the body.
Oral, rectal, transdermal, etc.
Pharmacodynamics Correct Answer: The study of what the drug does to the body.
The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues and drug-receptor relationships
Pharmacotherapeutics Correct Answer: The clinical use of drugs to prevent and
treat disease. Defines principles of drug actions- the cellular processes that change
in response to the presence of drug molecules. Drugs are organized into
pharmacologic classes, like antihypertensives.
Ex: elderly taking baby aspirin to prevent strokes
Pharmacognosy Correct Answer: The study of natural drug sources, like plants,
animals and minerals.
,Pharmaceutic Properties Correct Answer: Different drug dosage forms have
different properties. Dosage form determines the rate of drug dissolution. Enteric-
coated tablets protect patients from stomach irritation.
Fastest Route of Oral Drug Absorption Correct Answer: 1. Oral disintegration,
buccal tabs, and oral soluble wafers
2. Liquids, elixirs, and syrups
3. Suspension solutions
4. Powders
5. Capsules
6. Tablets
7. Coated tablets
8. Enteric-coated tabletes
Pharmacokinetics Correct Answer: The study of what the body does to the drug. A
drug's time to onset of action, time to peak effect, and duration of action.
-Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption Correct Answer: Movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream for distribution to the tissues.
Bioavailability Correct Answer: A measure of the extent of drug absorption for a
given drug and route. Giving a med through the IV, you will have 100% of the med
in the bloodstream, none is lost.
First-Pass Effect Correct Answer: The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug
absorbed from the GI tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation. If you give
a PO med, the GI system digests, liver transforms, and then it reaches the
, bloodstream. Not 100% of the med reaches the bloodstream, you lose some as it
travels.
Enteral Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: The drug is absorbed into
the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa or the small intestine.
Types of enteral are oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal.
Parenteral Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: Though an IV, IM,
subcutaneous, intradermal, intraarterial, intrathecal, and intraarticular
Topical Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: Skin, eyes, ears, nose, lungs,
rectum, vagina
Pharmacokinetics: Distribution Correct Answer: The transport of a drug by the
bloodstream to its site of action. Protein-binding, water-soluble vs fat-soluble,
blood-brain barrier.
Protein-Binding Drugs Correct Answer: After you take the medication, it is in the
blood attached to protein, mainly albumin. When the drug binds to albumin, it
works as a slow release, only the free unbound drug is therapeutic. The bound drug
is essentially inactive. Type of drugs that are protein-binding are blood thinners. If
a patient is deficient in albumin, there is a problem of too much free-drug.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism/Biotransformation Correct Answer: The biochemical
alteration of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more
potent active metabolite, or a less active metabolite. Transformed mainly in the
liver, but also skeletal muscle, kidneys, lungs, plasma, intestinal mucosa.
Factors the Decrease Metabolism Correct Answer: Cardiovascular dysfunction, renal
insufficiency, starvation, obstructive jaundice, slow acetylator, and ketoconazole
therapy
Factors the Increase Metabolism Correct Answer: Fast acetylator, barbiturate
therapy, rifampin therapy, and phenytoin therapy
Pharmacokinetics: Excretion Correct Answer: The elimination of drugs from the
body by the kidneys (main organ), liver, bowel
Answers
Drug Correct Answer: Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a
living organism
Pharmacology Correct Answer: The study or science of drugs
Chemical Name Correct Answer: Describes the drug's chemical composition and
molecular structure (not usually used in nursing)
Generic Name Correct Answer: Name given by the United States Adopted Names
council. The universal name, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen
Trade Name Correct Answer: AKA proprietary name. The drug has a registered
trademark, use of the name is restricted by the drug's patent owner. Ex is Motrin
and Advil, they are both ibuprofen
Pharmaceutics Correct Answer: The study of how various drug forms influence the
way in which the drug affects the body.
Oral, rectal, transdermal, etc.
Pharmacodynamics Correct Answer: The study of what the drug does to the body.
The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues and drug-receptor relationships
Pharmacotherapeutics Correct Answer: The clinical use of drugs to prevent and
treat disease. Defines principles of drug actions- the cellular processes that change
in response to the presence of drug molecules. Drugs are organized into
pharmacologic classes, like antihypertensives.
Ex: elderly taking baby aspirin to prevent strokes
Pharmacognosy Correct Answer: The study of natural drug sources, like plants,
animals and minerals.
,Pharmaceutic Properties Correct Answer: Different drug dosage forms have
different properties. Dosage form determines the rate of drug dissolution. Enteric-
coated tablets protect patients from stomach irritation.
Fastest Route of Oral Drug Absorption Correct Answer: 1. Oral disintegration,
buccal tabs, and oral soluble wafers
2. Liquids, elixirs, and syrups
3. Suspension solutions
4. Powders
5. Capsules
6. Tablets
7. Coated tablets
8. Enteric-coated tabletes
Pharmacokinetics Correct Answer: The study of what the body does to the drug. A
drug's time to onset of action, time to peak effect, and duration of action.
-Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption Correct Answer: Movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream for distribution to the tissues.
Bioavailability Correct Answer: A measure of the extent of drug absorption for a
given drug and route. Giving a med through the IV, you will have 100% of the med
in the bloodstream, none is lost.
First-Pass Effect Correct Answer: The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug
absorbed from the GI tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation. If you give
a PO med, the GI system digests, liver transforms, and then it reaches the
, bloodstream. Not 100% of the med reaches the bloodstream, you lose some as it
travels.
Enteral Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: The drug is absorbed into
the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa or the small intestine.
Types of enteral are oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal.
Parenteral Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: Though an IV, IM,
subcutaneous, intradermal, intraarterial, intrathecal, and intraarticular
Topical Route of Drug Administration Correct Answer: Skin, eyes, ears, nose, lungs,
rectum, vagina
Pharmacokinetics: Distribution Correct Answer: The transport of a drug by the
bloodstream to its site of action. Protein-binding, water-soluble vs fat-soluble,
blood-brain barrier.
Protein-Binding Drugs Correct Answer: After you take the medication, it is in the
blood attached to protein, mainly albumin. When the drug binds to albumin, it
works as a slow release, only the free unbound drug is therapeutic. The bound drug
is essentially inactive. Type of drugs that are protein-binding are blood thinners. If
a patient is deficient in albumin, there is a problem of too much free-drug.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism/Biotransformation Correct Answer: The biochemical
alteration of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more
potent active metabolite, or a less active metabolite. Transformed mainly in the
liver, but also skeletal muscle, kidneys, lungs, plasma, intestinal mucosa.
Factors the Decrease Metabolism Correct Answer: Cardiovascular dysfunction, renal
insufficiency, starvation, obstructive jaundice, slow acetylator, and ketoconazole
therapy
Factors the Increase Metabolism Correct Answer: Fast acetylator, barbiturate
therapy, rifampin therapy, and phenytoin therapy
Pharmacokinetics: Excretion Correct Answer: The elimination of drugs from the
body by the kidneys (main organ), liver, bowel
