Microbiology ACTUAL
Midterm Exam LATEST
2026-2027 WITH
QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
GUARANTEED 100%
PASS
What is a mostly single-celled organism that is Animal like? - ANSWERS-Protozoa
drugs that block protein synthesis - ANSWERS-1. aminoglycosides
2. tetracycline
3. chloramphenical
4. erythromycin
,Inhibition of nucleic acid - ANSWERS-block specific enzymes which bacteria need in
order to replicate their DNA and RNA
Inhibition of transcription or nucleic acid synthesis - ANSWERS-models of competitive
inhibition. (examples include the sulfa drug, sulfonamide and rifampin). E.g. Sulfa is
very similar to the natural metabolic compound, PABA (para aminobenzoic acid) which
is needed by bacteria to make folic acid to make nucleic acid. Sulfa blocks papa from
binding to the enzyme
Microorganisms can acquire resistance to antibiotics - ANSWERS-1. microbes have the
ability to destroy the antibiotic
2. microbes have the ability to make changes in the permeability of their cell wall and
membrane
3. resistance to the drug may develop from production of penicillinase to resist penicillin
OR from sulfa drugs failing to unite with enzymes that make folic acid bc the enzyme
structure could have changed :/
What are parasites? - ANSWERS-Different organisms that range from worms, insects
and protozoa that need a host to survive
What are the different applied microbiology fields of study - ANSWERS-Immunology
Epidemiology--control spread of disease
Food Micro--relationship between bacteria, food and drink
Agriculture Micro--relationship between bacteria and crop
Industrial Micro--microbes to produce vitamins, AA, Enzymes, etc.
Eukaryotic cells are... - ANSWERS-more complete
Prokaryotic cells are... - ANSWERS-all micro organisms and lack a nucleus
Characteristics of microorganisms - ANSWERS-Small size
Unicellular simplicity
High Growth rate
Adaptability
microscope - ANSWERS-instrument used for enlargement of small objects
simple microscope - ANSWERS-single lens and a few working parts. not strong
compound microscope - ANSWERS-2 magnifying lenses, a visible light sours, a
condenser which collects light to direct toward the object
magnification - ANSWERS-capacity of an optical system to enlarge small objects
ocular lens - ANSWERS-one we look through. 10X
, objective lens - ANSWERS-4 different, 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X
What is resoltion? - ANSWERS-Capacity of optical systems to distinguish or separate 2
adjacent objects/points from each other. represents clarity of image
Types of microscope? - ANSWERS-Light--visible light, bright field, dark field, phase
contrast, diff interference
Ultraviolet--florescence
Electron--scanning, transmission
what type of microscope do we use in the lab? - ANSWERS-bright field light microscope
how does a microscope work? - ANSWERS-light source is on the bottom. The light
travels from the lamp, hits the condenser lents which collects light and points it toward
the object. the light passes through the objective lens and the real image of the object
forms behind the ocular lens. the image we see is the virtual image after it asses
through the ocular lens and is at the total magnification
Highest magnification for all light microscopes? - ANSWERS-2,000X and 200 nm
resolution
eubacteria - ANSWERS-the common bacteria of the 2 types. (-) WITH cell walls, (+)
WITH cell walls, and no cell wall (mycoplasm)
archebacteria - ANSWERS-less common type of bacteria. do not produce
peptidoglycan and can live in extreme environments
appendages - ANSWERS-attached to bacteria on one side, the other side is "free"
motility appendages - ANSWERS-flagella and axial filaments
flagella - ANSWERS-for motility and self propulsion. found mostly in gram negative
bacteria. provide a smooth forward movement
structure of flagella - ANSWERS-made of protein with 3 distinct parts: filament, hook,
basal body (inside and has 4 rings and a rod that rotate)
axial filament - ANSWERS-wrap around the cell and cause spiral like movements. has
only two parts: a long thin microfibril inserted into a hook.
attachment appendages - ANSWERS-fimbriae and pili
fimbriae - ANSWERS-short appendages that allow bacteria to attach to bacteria
Midterm Exam LATEST
2026-2027 WITH
QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
GUARANTEED 100%
PASS
What is a mostly single-celled organism that is Animal like? - ANSWERS-Protozoa
drugs that block protein synthesis - ANSWERS-1. aminoglycosides
2. tetracycline
3. chloramphenical
4. erythromycin
,Inhibition of nucleic acid - ANSWERS-block specific enzymes which bacteria need in
order to replicate their DNA and RNA
Inhibition of transcription or nucleic acid synthesis - ANSWERS-models of competitive
inhibition. (examples include the sulfa drug, sulfonamide and rifampin). E.g. Sulfa is
very similar to the natural metabolic compound, PABA (para aminobenzoic acid) which
is needed by bacteria to make folic acid to make nucleic acid. Sulfa blocks papa from
binding to the enzyme
Microorganisms can acquire resistance to antibiotics - ANSWERS-1. microbes have the
ability to destroy the antibiotic
2. microbes have the ability to make changes in the permeability of their cell wall and
membrane
3. resistance to the drug may develop from production of penicillinase to resist penicillin
OR from sulfa drugs failing to unite with enzymes that make folic acid bc the enzyme
structure could have changed :/
What are parasites? - ANSWERS-Different organisms that range from worms, insects
and protozoa that need a host to survive
What are the different applied microbiology fields of study - ANSWERS-Immunology
Epidemiology--control spread of disease
Food Micro--relationship between bacteria, food and drink
Agriculture Micro--relationship between bacteria and crop
Industrial Micro--microbes to produce vitamins, AA, Enzymes, etc.
Eukaryotic cells are... - ANSWERS-more complete
Prokaryotic cells are... - ANSWERS-all micro organisms and lack a nucleus
Characteristics of microorganisms - ANSWERS-Small size
Unicellular simplicity
High Growth rate
Adaptability
microscope - ANSWERS-instrument used for enlargement of small objects
simple microscope - ANSWERS-single lens and a few working parts. not strong
compound microscope - ANSWERS-2 magnifying lenses, a visible light sours, a
condenser which collects light to direct toward the object
magnification - ANSWERS-capacity of an optical system to enlarge small objects
ocular lens - ANSWERS-one we look through. 10X
, objective lens - ANSWERS-4 different, 4X, 10X, 40X, 100X
What is resoltion? - ANSWERS-Capacity of optical systems to distinguish or separate 2
adjacent objects/points from each other. represents clarity of image
Types of microscope? - ANSWERS-Light--visible light, bright field, dark field, phase
contrast, diff interference
Ultraviolet--florescence
Electron--scanning, transmission
what type of microscope do we use in the lab? - ANSWERS-bright field light microscope
how does a microscope work? - ANSWERS-light source is on the bottom. The light
travels from the lamp, hits the condenser lents which collects light and points it toward
the object. the light passes through the objective lens and the real image of the object
forms behind the ocular lens. the image we see is the virtual image after it asses
through the ocular lens and is at the total magnification
Highest magnification for all light microscopes? - ANSWERS-2,000X and 200 nm
resolution
eubacteria - ANSWERS-the common bacteria of the 2 types. (-) WITH cell walls, (+)
WITH cell walls, and no cell wall (mycoplasm)
archebacteria - ANSWERS-less common type of bacteria. do not produce
peptidoglycan and can live in extreme environments
appendages - ANSWERS-attached to bacteria on one side, the other side is "free"
motility appendages - ANSWERS-flagella and axial filaments
flagella - ANSWERS-for motility and self propulsion. found mostly in gram negative
bacteria. provide a smooth forward movement
structure of flagella - ANSWERS-made of protein with 3 distinct parts: filament, hook,
basal body (inside and has 4 rings and a rod that rotate)
axial filament - ANSWERS-wrap around the cell and cause spiral like movements. has
only two parts: a long thin microfibril inserted into a hook.
attachment appendages - ANSWERS-fimbriae and pili
fimbriae - ANSWERS-short appendages that allow bacteria to attach to bacteria
