1
IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS-2026/27 VERSION
1. Which of the following scientists introduced the concept of cross immunity by using cowpox
against smallpox?
A. Edward Jenner
B. Robert Koch
C. Paul Ehrlich
D. Peter Medawar
2. Which of the following forms part of natural immunity?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Antibody production
C. Tc cell activity
D. Anamnestic response (IgG and is part of acquired immunity)
3. Which of the following plays an important role as an external defense mechanism?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Lysozyme
C. CRP
D. Complement
4. Toll like receptors are predominantly found on which cells?
A. Cytotoxic T cells
B. Macrophages
C. B cells
D. Natural killer cells
5. Which of the following would attract neutrophils to the site of injection if introduced with a
vaccine?
A. TNF
B. IL-2
C. C5a
D. All of these
,2
NOTE: Anaphylatoxin attract neutrophils to the site of injection
6. The coating of particulate antigen by antibody and/or complement components that allows
them to be phagocytized readily is called
A. Complement fixation
B. Opsonisation
C. Immune adherence
D. Diapedesis
7. What T cell surface marker recognized antigens in association with class I MHC?
A. CD 2
B. CD 4
C. CD 8 (seen on cytotoxic T cells)
D. CD 16 (seen on NK cells)
8. Which markers are found on mature, peripheral helper T cells?
A. CD1, CD2, CD4
B. CD2, CD3, CD8
C. CD1, CD3, CD4
D. CD2, CD3, CD4
9. How are cytotoxic T cells and Natural killer cells similar?
A. Require antibody to be present
B. Do not bind to infected cells
C. Destroy virally infected cells to release of perforins
D. Recognize antigens in association with MHC class II
10. What molecule on the surface of most T cells recognizes antigen?
A. Surface Ig
B. MHC class I or II
C. CD3 (for activation of cell)
, 3
D. TCR
NOTE: B lymphocytes – B cell receptor; MHC I – most nucleated cells; MHC II – APCs
11. T cell receptor genes were discovered in
A. 1957
B. 1975
C. 1976
D. 1984
12. Gamma interferon and interleukins 4, 5, and 10 are all produced by
A. Th cells
B. Macrophages
C. Tc cells
D. Ts cells
NOTE: Interleukins for antibody production. If they are both produced, there would be
antibody production; IL 10 is an inhibitory interleukin
13. For an antibody-coated antigen to be phagocytized, which of the following fits into a
receptor on the phagocyte?
A. Fc
B. Fab
C. CD16
D. MHC class I molecule
14. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily mediated by
A. B cells
B. Th1 cells (produces gamma interferon that will help Tc cells; provides help in direct cell-
to-cell killing)
C. Th2 cells (provides cytokine that will help B cells – more of acquired immunity; provides
IL 2 and 4)
D. Dendritic cells
IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS-2026/27 VERSION
1. Which of the following scientists introduced the concept of cross immunity by using cowpox
against smallpox?
A. Edward Jenner
B. Robert Koch
C. Paul Ehrlich
D. Peter Medawar
2. Which of the following forms part of natural immunity?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Antibody production
C. Tc cell activity
D. Anamnestic response (IgG and is part of acquired immunity)
3. Which of the following plays an important role as an external defense mechanism?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Lysozyme
C. CRP
D. Complement
4. Toll like receptors are predominantly found on which cells?
A. Cytotoxic T cells
B. Macrophages
C. B cells
D. Natural killer cells
5. Which of the following would attract neutrophils to the site of injection if introduced with a
vaccine?
A. TNF
B. IL-2
C. C5a
D. All of these
,2
NOTE: Anaphylatoxin attract neutrophils to the site of injection
6. The coating of particulate antigen by antibody and/or complement components that allows
them to be phagocytized readily is called
A. Complement fixation
B. Opsonisation
C. Immune adherence
D. Diapedesis
7. What T cell surface marker recognized antigens in association with class I MHC?
A. CD 2
B. CD 4
C. CD 8 (seen on cytotoxic T cells)
D. CD 16 (seen on NK cells)
8. Which markers are found on mature, peripheral helper T cells?
A. CD1, CD2, CD4
B. CD2, CD3, CD8
C. CD1, CD3, CD4
D. CD2, CD3, CD4
9. How are cytotoxic T cells and Natural killer cells similar?
A. Require antibody to be present
B. Do not bind to infected cells
C. Destroy virally infected cells to release of perforins
D. Recognize antigens in association with MHC class II
10. What molecule on the surface of most T cells recognizes antigen?
A. Surface Ig
B. MHC class I or II
C. CD3 (for activation of cell)
, 3
D. TCR
NOTE: B lymphocytes – B cell receptor; MHC I – most nucleated cells; MHC II – APCs
11. T cell receptor genes were discovered in
A. 1957
B. 1975
C. 1976
D. 1984
12. Gamma interferon and interleukins 4, 5, and 10 are all produced by
A. Th cells
B. Macrophages
C. Tc cells
D. Ts cells
NOTE: Interleukins for antibody production. If they are both produced, there would be
antibody production; IL 10 is an inhibitory interleukin
13. For an antibody-coated antigen to be phagocytized, which of the following fits into a
receptor on the phagocyte?
A. Fc
B. Fab
C. CD16
D. MHC class I molecule
14. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily mediated by
A. B cells
B. Th1 cells (produces gamma interferon that will help Tc cells; provides help in direct cell-
to-cell killing)
C. Th2 cells (provides cytokine that will help B cells – more of acquired immunity; provides
IL 2 and 4)
D. Dendritic cells
