EXAM 3 CHEM 162 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be _________ or __________. - Correct
Answers -Created; Destroyed
For an exothermic reaction, "lost" heat from the _________ goes into the
_____________. - Correct Answers -system; surroundings
two ways energy "lost" from a system,
converted to _____,___
used to do _______,___ - Correct Answers -heat, q; work, w
Energy conservation requires that the energy change in the system equal the heat
released + work done
ΔE = ________
ΔE = ________
ΔE is a _______ ________ - Correct Answers -q + w; ΔH + PΔV; state function
to recharge a battery with _____ kJ of useful energy will require more than ____ kJ -
Correct Answers -100; 100
every energy transition results in a _____ of energy - Correct Answers -loss
fewer steps generally results in a lower _______ ____ ____ - Correct Answers -total
heat tax
_______________ predicts whether a process will proceed under the given conditions,
__________ _________ - Correct Answers -thermodynamics; spontaneouss process
_____________ is determined by comparing the free energy of the system before the
reaction with the ____ _______ of the system after reaction. - Correct Answers -
spontaneity; free energy
if the system after reaction has less free energy than before the reaction, the reaction is
thermodynamically ___________. - Correct Answers -favorable
spontaneity ≠ _____ or ____ - Correct Answers -fast or slow
, The direction of spontaneity can be determined by comparing the _________
_________________ of the system at the start and the end. - Correct Answers -
potential energy
any spontaneous process is ____________ and proceeds in ___ direction - Correct
Answers -irreversible; one
if a process is _____________ in one direction, it must be _____________ in the
opposite direction - Correct Answers -spontaneous; nonspontaneous
Graphite is more stable than diamond, so the conversion of diamond into graphite is
____________. - Correct Answers -spontaneous
The two factors that determine the thermodynamic favorability are the ___________
and the _________. - Correct Answers -enthalpy; entropy
The ___________ is a comparison of the bond energy of the reactants to the products. -
Correct Answers -enthalpy
bond energy = amount needed to ________ a bond.
ΔH - Correct Answers -break
The __________ factors relates to the randomness/orderliness of a system
ΔS - Correct Answers -entropy
The __________ factor is generally more important than the _________ factor. -
Correct Answers -enthalpy; entropy
if products more stable than reactants, energy released its _________ - Correct
Answers -exothermic
if reactants more stable than products, energy absorbed its __________ - Correct
Answers -endothermic
_____________ is a thermodynamic function that increases as the number of
energetically equivalent ways of arranging the components increases, S - Correct
Answers -entropy
Therefore State __ has higher entropy than either State __ or State __ - Correct
Answers -C; A; B
The macrostate with the highest _______ also has the greatest dispersal of energy. -
Correct Answers -entropy
entropy change is favorable when the result is a more __________ system. - Correct
Answers -random
ANSWERS
First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be _________ or __________. - Correct
Answers -Created; Destroyed
For an exothermic reaction, "lost" heat from the _________ goes into the
_____________. - Correct Answers -system; surroundings
two ways energy "lost" from a system,
converted to _____,___
used to do _______,___ - Correct Answers -heat, q; work, w
Energy conservation requires that the energy change in the system equal the heat
released + work done
ΔE = ________
ΔE = ________
ΔE is a _______ ________ - Correct Answers -q + w; ΔH + PΔV; state function
to recharge a battery with _____ kJ of useful energy will require more than ____ kJ -
Correct Answers -100; 100
every energy transition results in a _____ of energy - Correct Answers -loss
fewer steps generally results in a lower _______ ____ ____ - Correct Answers -total
heat tax
_______________ predicts whether a process will proceed under the given conditions,
__________ _________ - Correct Answers -thermodynamics; spontaneouss process
_____________ is determined by comparing the free energy of the system before the
reaction with the ____ _______ of the system after reaction. - Correct Answers -
spontaneity; free energy
if the system after reaction has less free energy than before the reaction, the reaction is
thermodynamically ___________. - Correct Answers -favorable
spontaneity ≠ _____ or ____ - Correct Answers -fast or slow
, The direction of spontaneity can be determined by comparing the _________
_________________ of the system at the start and the end. - Correct Answers -
potential energy
any spontaneous process is ____________ and proceeds in ___ direction - Correct
Answers -irreversible; one
if a process is _____________ in one direction, it must be _____________ in the
opposite direction - Correct Answers -spontaneous; nonspontaneous
Graphite is more stable than diamond, so the conversion of diamond into graphite is
____________. - Correct Answers -spontaneous
The two factors that determine the thermodynamic favorability are the ___________
and the _________. - Correct Answers -enthalpy; entropy
The ___________ is a comparison of the bond energy of the reactants to the products. -
Correct Answers -enthalpy
bond energy = amount needed to ________ a bond.
ΔH - Correct Answers -break
The __________ factors relates to the randomness/orderliness of a system
ΔS - Correct Answers -entropy
The __________ factor is generally more important than the _________ factor. -
Correct Answers -enthalpy; entropy
if products more stable than reactants, energy released its _________ - Correct
Answers -exothermic
if reactants more stable than products, energy absorbed its __________ - Correct
Answers -endothermic
_____________ is a thermodynamic function that increases as the number of
energetically equivalent ways of arranging the components increases, S - Correct
Answers -entropy
Therefore State __ has higher entropy than either State __ or State __ - Correct
Answers -C; A; B
The macrostate with the highest _______ also has the greatest dispersal of energy. -
Correct Answers -entropy
entropy change is favorable when the result is a more __________ system. - Correct
Answers -random
