Pathophysiology Final Exam Practice
Quiz Questions and Answers
1. A client receives a phone call from her gynecologist's office
nurse and is in- formed that her Pap test results identified mild
dysplasia. The best explanation for the nurse to provide would be
a. "Minor degrees of dysplasia are associated with chronic irritation or
inflammation. However, we will need to do additional diagnostic
studies to confirm the diagnosis."
b. "You definitely have cancer."
c. "Do not be concerned; this is not abnormal."
d. "You need emergency treatment; please come in to the office
today."
ANS a
2. The nurse is educating about the importance of improving
the metabolic process in a client who has morbid obesity and
is beginning a weight loss program with exercise. What should
the nurse inform the client about the importance of improving
the metabolic rate?
a. Increasing metabolism improves the process by which cells engulf
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,materials from their surroundings to improve electrolyte function.
b. Increasing metabolism will allow the client to be able to eat
whatever foods he wants as long as he is exercising.
c. Increasing metabolism improves the secretion of intracellular
substances into the extracellular spaces.
d. Increasing metabolism will improve the breakdown of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to provide energy for cell
function.
ANS d
3. A client has been exercising his arms repeatedly. Which
statement by the nurse explains the increase in the size of the
arms?
a. "Your cells have atrophied in response to increased oxygen."
b. "Your cells have hypertrophied in response to increased workload."
c. "You have increased your number of cells due to increased
oxygenation."
d. "You have caused the cells to clump together in response to
exercise."
ANS b
4. What can the nurse tell family members to best explain muscle
atrophy of a family member who has been in a persistent coma?
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,a. "Cell size has increased in response to immobility."
b. "Cells hypertrophy in response to disuse."
c. "Cell size decreases as workload declines."
d. "Cells need more oxygen the longer they are immobile."
ANS c
5. Which statement would a nurse tell a client to best describe
apoptosis?
a. "Apoptosis describes increase in number of cells."
b. "Apoptosis occurs in irreversibly damaged cells."
c. "Apoptosis is an increase in the size of cells."
d. "Apoptosis is the natural removal of injured or worn out cells."
ANS d
6. The student nurse is removing sutures on client after
abdominal surgery, and the wound begins to pull apart. The
student asks the instructor, "Did I do something wrong?" The
instructor reviews wound healing and replies
a. "Maybe the wound edges were not close enough together to allow
epithelialization of the wound to occur."
b. "Maybe the client was 'picking' at the wound and caused the edges
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, to not be well-approximated."
c. "Maybe you were a little rough when you pulled out the sutures."
d. "Maybe the sutures were left in too long and impeded healing."
ANS a
7. Following hip replacement surgery, the client has had many weeks of
physical therapy. Upon assessing the wound, it is still red and
draining thick, green, odoriferous secretions. The client has limited
range-of-motion and is constantly reporting pain. The physician
explains that the hip device needs to be removed. Why is removal
required?
a. A fragment of bone may be rubbing at the insertion site of
the joint and keeping it inflamed.
b. The body considers the hip replacement device a foreign
body and an infection has developed around the joint.
c. The device is impeding the supply of nutrients and oxygen to reach
the
inflamed area.
d. No amount of antibiotic therapy will be able to reach the area
around the new joint and kill the infection.
ANS b
8. A nurse is assessing a client for the classic signs of acute
inflammation. The nurse would assess the client for
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Quiz Questions and Answers
1. A client receives a phone call from her gynecologist's office
nurse and is in- formed that her Pap test results identified mild
dysplasia. The best explanation for the nurse to provide would be
a. "Minor degrees of dysplasia are associated with chronic irritation or
inflammation. However, we will need to do additional diagnostic
studies to confirm the diagnosis."
b. "You definitely have cancer."
c. "Do not be concerned; this is not abnormal."
d. "You need emergency treatment; please come in to the office
today."
ANS a
2. The nurse is educating about the importance of improving
the metabolic process in a client who has morbid obesity and
is beginning a weight loss program with exercise. What should
the nurse inform the client about the importance of improving
the metabolic rate?
a. Increasing metabolism improves the process by which cells engulf
1/
51
,materials from their surroundings to improve electrolyte function.
b. Increasing metabolism will allow the client to be able to eat
whatever foods he wants as long as he is exercising.
c. Increasing metabolism improves the secretion of intracellular
substances into the extracellular spaces.
d. Increasing metabolism will improve the breakdown of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to provide energy for cell
function.
ANS d
3. A client has been exercising his arms repeatedly. Which
statement by the nurse explains the increase in the size of the
arms?
a. "Your cells have atrophied in response to increased oxygen."
b. "Your cells have hypertrophied in response to increased workload."
c. "You have increased your number of cells due to increased
oxygenation."
d. "You have caused the cells to clump together in response to
exercise."
ANS b
4. What can the nurse tell family members to best explain muscle
atrophy of a family member who has been in a persistent coma?
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51
,a. "Cell size has increased in response to immobility."
b. "Cells hypertrophy in response to disuse."
c. "Cell size decreases as workload declines."
d. "Cells need more oxygen the longer they are immobile."
ANS c
5. Which statement would a nurse tell a client to best describe
apoptosis?
a. "Apoptosis describes increase in number of cells."
b. "Apoptosis occurs in irreversibly damaged cells."
c. "Apoptosis is an increase in the size of cells."
d. "Apoptosis is the natural removal of injured or worn out cells."
ANS d
6. The student nurse is removing sutures on client after
abdominal surgery, and the wound begins to pull apart. The
student asks the instructor, "Did I do something wrong?" The
instructor reviews wound healing and replies
a. "Maybe the wound edges were not close enough together to allow
epithelialization of the wound to occur."
b. "Maybe the client was 'picking' at the wound and caused the edges
3/
51
, to not be well-approximated."
c. "Maybe you were a little rough when you pulled out the sutures."
d. "Maybe the sutures were left in too long and impeded healing."
ANS a
7. Following hip replacement surgery, the client has had many weeks of
physical therapy. Upon assessing the wound, it is still red and
draining thick, green, odoriferous secretions. The client has limited
range-of-motion and is constantly reporting pain. The physician
explains that the hip device needs to be removed. Why is removal
required?
a. A fragment of bone may be rubbing at the insertion site of
the joint and keeping it inflamed.
b. The body considers the hip replacement device a foreign
body and an infection has developed around the joint.
c. The device is impeding the supply of nutrients and oxygen to reach
the
inflamed area.
d. No amount of antibiotic therapy will be able to reach the area
around the new joint and kill the infection.
ANS b
8. A nurse is assessing a client for the classic signs of acute
inflammation. The nurse would assess the client for
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