DETAILED ANSWER KEY FOR MEDICAL
SURGICAL EXAM EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE A+ SOLUTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ A client who has just tested positive for HIV does not appear to hear
what the nurse is saying during post-test counseling. Which information
should the nurse offer to facilitate the client's adjustment to HIV
infection?
A. teach the client about the medications that are available for treatment
B. discuss retesting to verify the results, which will ensure continuing
contact
C. identify the need to test others who have had risky contact with the
client
D. inform the client how to protect sexual and needle-sharing partners.
Answer: B. discuss retesting to verify results, which will ensure
continuing contact
encouraging retesting supports hope and gives the client time to cope
with the diagnosis. Although post-test counseling should include
education about A, B, and C, retesting encourages the client to maintain
medical follow-up and management.
,⩥ The nurse is caring for a client with HIV infection who develops
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). what is the most significant
desired outcome for this client?
A. free from injury of drug side effects
B. maintenance of intact perineal skin
c. adequate oxygenation
D. return to pre-illness weight. Answer: D. return to pre-illness weight
MAC is an opportunistic infection that presents as a TB like pulmonary
process. MAC is a major contributing factor to the development of
wasting syndrome, so the most significant desired outcome is the client's
return to a pre-illness weight. drug schedules and side effects remain a
life-long management problem. Client outcomes for adequate
oxygenation are often dependent on management of anemia,
maintenance of activities without fatigue, and supplemental oxygen to
prevent hypoxia. Skin integrity is dependent upon resolution of diarrhea,
which is not as significant as optimal nutrition.
⩥ A client who had abdominal surgery two days ago has prescriptions
for intravenous morphine sulfate 4 mg every 2 hours and a clear liquid
diet. the client complains of feeling distended and has sharp, cramping
gas pains. What nursing intervention should be implemented?
A. assist the client to ambulate in the hall
B. obtain a prescription for a laxative
C. administer the prescribed morphine sulfate
,D. withhold all oral fluid and food. Answer: a. assist the client to
ambulate in the hall
Post-operative abdominal distention is caused by decreased peristalsis as
a result of handling the intestine during surgery, limited dietary intake
before and after surgery, and anesthetic and analgesic agents. Peristalsis
is stimulated and distention minimized by implementing early and
frequent ambulation. Based on the client's status, laxatives or
withholding dietary progression are not indicated at this time. although
pain management should be implemented, another analgesic prescription
may be needed because morphine reduces intestinal motility and
contributes to the client's gas pains.
⩥ A client with Meniere's disease is incapacitated by vertigo and is lying
in bed grasping the side rails and staring at the television. Which nursing
intervention should the nurse implement?
A. keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
B. turn off the television and darken the room
c. encourage fluids to 3000 mL per day
D. change the client's position every two hours. Answer: B. turn off the
television and darken the room
to decrease the client's vertigo during an acute attack of Meniere's
disease, any visual stimuli or rotational movement, such as sudden head
movements or position changes, should be minimized. Turning off the
television and darkening the room minimize fluorescent lights, flickering
, television lights, and distracting sound. The other are ineffective in
managing the client's symptoms.
⩥ a client who has a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum returns to
the unit after a bronchoscopy. What nursing interventions should be
implemented in the immediate post-procedural period?
A. check vital signs every 15 minutes for 2 hours
B. allow the client nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns
C. encourage fluid intake to promote elimination of the contrast media
D. keep the client on bed rest for 8 hours. Answer: B. allow the client
nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns
the nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized with local anesthetic
spray prior to bronchoscopy, and the bronchoscope is coated with
lidocaine gel to inhibit the gag reflex and prevent laryngeal spasm
during insertion. The client should be NPO until the client's gag reflex
returns to prevent aspiration from any oral intake or secretions. The
others are not indicated after bronchoscopy
⩥ The nurse is assessing a client with a cuffed tracheostomy tube in
place who is breathing spontaneously. to evaluate if the client can
tolerate cuff deflation to promote speaking and swallowing, what action
should the nurse implement?
A. observe the client for coughing colored sputum after drinking a small
amount of colored water
SURGICAL EXAM EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE A+ SOLUTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ A client who has just tested positive for HIV does not appear to hear
what the nurse is saying during post-test counseling. Which information
should the nurse offer to facilitate the client's adjustment to HIV
infection?
A. teach the client about the medications that are available for treatment
B. discuss retesting to verify the results, which will ensure continuing
contact
C. identify the need to test others who have had risky contact with the
client
D. inform the client how to protect sexual and needle-sharing partners.
Answer: B. discuss retesting to verify results, which will ensure
continuing contact
encouraging retesting supports hope and gives the client time to cope
with the diagnosis. Although post-test counseling should include
education about A, B, and C, retesting encourages the client to maintain
medical follow-up and management.
,⩥ The nurse is caring for a client with HIV infection who develops
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). what is the most significant
desired outcome for this client?
A. free from injury of drug side effects
B. maintenance of intact perineal skin
c. adequate oxygenation
D. return to pre-illness weight. Answer: D. return to pre-illness weight
MAC is an opportunistic infection that presents as a TB like pulmonary
process. MAC is a major contributing factor to the development of
wasting syndrome, so the most significant desired outcome is the client's
return to a pre-illness weight. drug schedules and side effects remain a
life-long management problem. Client outcomes for adequate
oxygenation are often dependent on management of anemia,
maintenance of activities without fatigue, and supplemental oxygen to
prevent hypoxia. Skin integrity is dependent upon resolution of diarrhea,
which is not as significant as optimal nutrition.
⩥ A client who had abdominal surgery two days ago has prescriptions
for intravenous morphine sulfate 4 mg every 2 hours and a clear liquid
diet. the client complains of feeling distended and has sharp, cramping
gas pains. What nursing intervention should be implemented?
A. assist the client to ambulate in the hall
B. obtain a prescription for a laxative
C. administer the prescribed morphine sulfate
,D. withhold all oral fluid and food. Answer: a. assist the client to
ambulate in the hall
Post-operative abdominal distention is caused by decreased peristalsis as
a result of handling the intestine during surgery, limited dietary intake
before and after surgery, and anesthetic and analgesic agents. Peristalsis
is stimulated and distention minimized by implementing early and
frequent ambulation. Based on the client's status, laxatives or
withholding dietary progression are not indicated at this time. although
pain management should be implemented, another analgesic prescription
may be needed because morphine reduces intestinal motility and
contributes to the client's gas pains.
⩥ A client with Meniere's disease is incapacitated by vertigo and is lying
in bed grasping the side rails and staring at the television. Which nursing
intervention should the nurse implement?
A. keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
B. turn off the television and darken the room
c. encourage fluids to 3000 mL per day
D. change the client's position every two hours. Answer: B. turn off the
television and darken the room
to decrease the client's vertigo during an acute attack of Meniere's
disease, any visual stimuli or rotational movement, such as sudden head
movements or position changes, should be minimized. Turning off the
television and darkening the room minimize fluorescent lights, flickering
, television lights, and distracting sound. The other are ineffective in
managing the client's symptoms.
⩥ a client who has a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum returns to
the unit after a bronchoscopy. What nursing interventions should be
implemented in the immediate post-procedural period?
A. check vital signs every 15 minutes for 2 hours
B. allow the client nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns
C. encourage fluid intake to promote elimination of the contrast media
D. keep the client on bed rest for 8 hours. Answer: B. allow the client
nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns
the nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized with local anesthetic
spray prior to bronchoscopy, and the bronchoscope is coated with
lidocaine gel to inhibit the gag reflex and prevent laryngeal spasm
during insertion. The client should be NPO until the client's gag reflex
returns to prevent aspiration from any oral intake or secretions. The
others are not indicated after bronchoscopy
⩥ The nurse is assessing a client with a cuffed tracheostomy tube in
place who is breathing spontaneously. to evaluate if the client can
tolerate cuff deflation to promote speaking and swallowing, what action
should the nurse implement?
A. observe the client for coughing colored sputum after drinking a small
amount of colored water
