ANSC 4395-ANIMAL BREEDING & GENETICS TEST 1
Animal Breeding - Answers -scientific field that uses the principles of genetics to aid in
the improvement of livestock
Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least the... -
Answers -1700s
Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental Europe,
dating back to the... - Answers -18th & 19th centuries
Robert Bakewell - Answers -"Father of Animal Breeding"
What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? - Answers -Longhorn cattle, Shire
horses, and Leicester sheep
What else did Robert Bakewell do? - Answers --Sought out individuals that would
strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? - Answers -Shorthorns
When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? - Answers -1750
During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? - Answers -
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel also... - Answers --Established basic genetic principles that are still
accepted today
-Results of his experiments were published in an obscure scientific journal and were not
widely known until the early 20th century
Population Genetics - Answers -Branch of genetics which deals with the factors that
affect the genetic structure of populations
Dr. Sewell Wright - Answers --Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Did his research with the USDA and later at the University of Chicago
Sir Ronald Fisher - Answers --Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Worked at the Rothamstead Experiment Station in Great Britain
Dr. Wright & Dr. Fisher's running debates and arguments fueled the rapid development
of the field in what year(s)? - Answers -1920s & 1930s
, Dr. Jay Lush - Answers -"Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Dr. Lush worked at... - Answers -Iowa State University in the 1920s and extended the
work of Wright & Fisher to design programs for farm animals
Dr. Lush also... - Answers --Established a formal theoretical framework to the science
of animal breeding
-Established principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve genes of some
individuals, & crossbreeding systems to take advantage of hybrid vigor
During the last 40-50 years... - Answers -The use of computers has greatly enhanced
the potential for genetic change.
EX: Breed associations have extensive databases that allow comparisons of all
individuals within a breed
A.I. & E.T. have allowed for... - Answers -Faster progeny testing and selection has
become much more efficient
The Future... - Answers --Cloning
-Genetically engineered compounds
-Gene therapy
-Gene splicing
-DNA transfer (may make their way into livestock improvement plans)
The primary goal of animal breeders is to... - Answers -Identify animals with desirable
genes and increase the frequency of those genes
What is the best animal? - Answers -No one has the answer, everyone likely has an
opinion though.
EX: Lab-show winner
Cattle-cutability/% muscle or quality grade
Dairy Cattle-most milk or best udder
How do you breed an animal so offspring will be the best or better than the parents? -
Answers -The answer involves genetic principles and animal breeding technologies
"Systems Approach" definition - Answers -More objective means of determining the
best animal
System - Answers -a group of interdependent component parts
EX: Corporation, family, farm, ranch
Animal - Answers -Characteristic genotype(s), may be more than one
Animal Breeding - Answers -scientific field that uses the principles of genetics to aid in
the improvement of livestock
Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least the... -
Answers -1700s
Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental Europe,
dating back to the... - Answers -18th & 19th centuries
Robert Bakewell - Answers -"Father of Animal Breeding"
What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? - Answers -Longhorn cattle, Shire
horses, and Leicester sheep
What else did Robert Bakewell do? - Answers --Sought out individuals that would
strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? - Answers -Shorthorns
When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? - Answers -1750
During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? - Answers -
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel also... - Answers --Established basic genetic principles that are still
accepted today
-Results of his experiments were published in an obscure scientific journal and were not
widely known until the early 20th century
Population Genetics - Answers -Branch of genetics which deals with the factors that
affect the genetic structure of populations
Dr. Sewell Wright - Answers --Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Did his research with the USDA and later at the University of Chicago
Sir Ronald Fisher - Answers --Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Worked at the Rothamstead Experiment Station in Great Britain
Dr. Wright & Dr. Fisher's running debates and arguments fueled the rapid development
of the field in what year(s)? - Answers -1920s & 1930s
, Dr. Jay Lush - Answers -"Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Dr. Lush worked at... - Answers -Iowa State University in the 1920s and extended the
work of Wright & Fisher to design programs for farm animals
Dr. Lush also... - Answers --Established a formal theoretical framework to the science
of animal breeding
-Established principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve genes of some
individuals, & crossbreeding systems to take advantage of hybrid vigor
During the last 40-50 years... - Answers -The use of computers has greatly enhanced
the potential for genetic change.
EX: Breed associations have extensive databases that allow comparisons of all
individuals within a breed
A.I. & E.T. have allowed for... - Answers -Faster progeny testing and selection has
become much more efficient
The Future... - Answers --Cloning
-Genetically engineered compounds
-Gene therapy
-Gene splicing
-DNA transfer (may make their way into livestock improvement plans)
The primary goal of animal breeders is to... - Answers -Identify animals with desirable
genes and increase the frequency of those genes
What is the best animal? - Answers -No one has the answer, everyone likely has an
opinion though.
EX: Lab-show winner
Cattle-cutability/% muscle or quality grade
Dairy Cattle-most milk or best udder
How do you breed an animal so offspring will be the best or better than the parents? -
Answers -The answer involves genetic principles and animal breeding technologies
"Systems Approach" definition - Answers -More objective means of determining the
best animal
System - Answers -a group of interdependent component parts
EX: Corporation, family, farm, ranch
Animal - Answers -Characteristic genotype(s), may be more than one
