HESI A2 Admission Assessment Actual Exam
2026/2027 | Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Pass Guaranteed
SECTION 1: Anatomy & Physiology (20 Questions)
Q1: Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in human cells?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mitochondrion is the “powerhouse” that generates ATP through aerobic
respiration. The Golgi (A) packages proteins, smooth ER (B) synthesizes lipids, and
lysosomes (D) digest waste.
Q2: The left atrioventricular valve in the heart is also called the:
A. Pulmonary valve
B. Tricuspid valve
,C. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
D. Aortic valve
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The bicuspid (mitral) valve lies between the left atrium and ventricle. The
tricuspid (B) is on the right side; pulmonary (A) and aortic (D) valves are semilunar.
Q3: Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels?
A. Parathyroid hormone
B. Calcitonin
C. Aldosterone
D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin (from thyroid C-cells) lowers serum calcium by inhibiting
osteoclast activity. PTH (A) raises calcium; aldosterone (C) regulates Na⁺/K⁺; thyroxine
(D) controls metabolism.
Q4: The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration is the:
A. Collecting duct
B. Loop of Henle
C. Nephron
D. Glomerular capsule alone
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nephron (glomerulus + tubules) is the filtration unit. The collecting duct
(A) receives urine from many nephrons; glomerular capsule (D) is only part of the
nephron.
Q5: Which blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs?
A. Pulmonary vein
B. Aorta
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Coronary sinus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood (to
lungs). Pulmonary veins (A) return oxygenated blood to the heart.
Q6: The process by which white blood cells engulf bacteria is termed:
A. Diapedesis
B. Phagocytosis
C. Hemolysis
D. Agglutination
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Phagocytosis = “cell eating” of pathogens. Diapedesis (A) is squeezing
through vessel walls; hemolysis (C) is RBC rupture; agglutination (D) is clumping.
Q7: Which structure transmits sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the
inner ear?
A. Cochlea
B. Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
C. Eustachian tube
D. Semicircular canals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ossicles amplify and conduct vibrations. The cochlea (A) houses hearing
receptors; eustachian tube (C) equalizes pressure; semicircular canals (D) detect
balance.
Q8: In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Interphase (S phase)
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: C
2026/2027 | Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Pass Guaranteed
SECTION 1: Anatomy & Physiology (20 Questions)
Q1: Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in human cells?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mitochondrion is the “powerhouse” that generates ATP through aerobic
respiration. The Golgi (A) packages proteins, smooth ER (B) synthesizes lipids, and
lysosomes (D) digest waste.
Q2: The left atrioventricular valve in the heart is also called the:
A. Pulmonary valve
B. Tricuspid valve
,C. Bicuspid (mitral) valve
D. Aortic valve
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The bicuspid (mitral) valve lies between the left atrium and ventricle. The
tricuspid (B) is on the right side; pulmonary (A) and aortic (D) valves are semilunar.
Q3: Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels?
A. Parathyroid hormone
B. Calcitonin
C. Aldosterone
D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin (from thyroid C-cells) lowers serum calcium by inhibiting
osteoclast activity. PTH (A) raises calcium; aldosterone (C) regulates Na⁺/K⁺; thyroxine
(D) controls metabolism.
Q4: The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration is the:
A. Collecting duct
B. Loop of Henle
C. Nephron
D. Glomerular capsule alone
,Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nephron (glomerulus + tubules) is the filtration unit. The collecting duct
(A) receives urine from many nephrons; glomerular capsule (D) is only part of the
nephron.
Q5: Which blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs?
A. Pulmonary vein
B. Aorta
C. Pulmonary artery
D. Coronary sinus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood (to
lungs). Pulmonary veins (A) return oxygenated blood to the heart.
Q6: The process by which white blood cells engulf bacteria is termed:
A. Diapedesis
B. Phagocytosis
C. Hemolysis
D. Agglutination
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Phagocytosis = “cell eating” of pathogens. Diapedesis (A) is squeezing
through vessel walls; hemolysis (C) is RBC rupture; agglutination (D) is clumping.
Q7: Which structure transmits sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the
inner ear?
A. Cochlea
B. Ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)
C. Eustachian tube
D. Semicircular canals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ossicles amplify and conduct vibrations. The cochlea (A) houses hearing
receptors; eustachian tube (C) equalizes pressure; semicircular canals (D) detect
balance.
Q8: In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Interphase (S phase)
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: C
