NUR PC 705 COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS (PASS GUARANTEE)
Differentiate genotype and phenotype. Are there any situations where a
person’s genotype and phenotype are the same?(Beery & Workman,
p.19-20; Pathophysiology, p. 135; 151)
Genotype- the exact gene allele composition a person has for a specific
single-gene trait is the person’s GENOTYPE for that trait. The composition of
genes at a given locus. (Has the Brown hair gene). (having the PKU gene).
Phenotype- is the person’s observed expression of any given single-gene
trait. The outward appearance of an individual, which is the result of both genotype
& environment. (Actually HAS brown hair). (Showing mental retardation from
PKU).
Genotype AO blood & Phenotype AA blood: both express phenotype of type A
blood even though genotypes are different.
Genotype & Phenotype are the SAME when homozygous gene alleles are present
for a single-gene trait & for recessive traits & for dominant traits(but don’t have to
be).
1. Determine the gender and ploidy of a person based on his or her
karyotype.(Beery & Workman, p. 16-19)
Karyotype- an organized arrangement of all
the chromosomes within one cell during the
metaphase section of mitosis. Technician organizes
the chromosomes into pairs then arranges them by #
according to size & centromere position.
Determine Gender X is longer
than Y XX - female
XY - male
, Euploid (diploid 2N) - having chromosomes
that are normal for number & appear normal in
structure… Euploid is good! No obvious mutations
or deletions or additions.
Ploidy- the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell…
Tetraploidy = 4 sets of every chromosome (very rare) = 92
chromosomes (Which term describes a cell that contains a multiple of 23
chromosomes = prac quiz question)
2. Explain how dominant gene alleles and recessive gene alleles determine
expression of single gene traits.(Beery & Workman, p.18-19;
Pathophysiology, p. 151)
Single gene trait - one gene controls the expression of a specific structure,
protein, or function.
Dominant trait - expressed even when the 2 gene alleles for that trait are
different. (which term describes an allele with an observable effect - prac quiz
question)
Recessive trait - single gene trait that is expressed only when BOTH alleles are
the same.
, 3. Compare the processes in spermatogenesis and oogenesis.(Beery &
Workman, p.55-63, Table 3-1)
Spermatogenesis Oogenesis
Converts diploid precursor germ cells Converts diploid precursor germ cells
into mature haploid sperm into mature haploid ova
Requires the process of meiosis Requires the process of meiosis
Begins at puberty & continues through Begins in fetal life & stops when
the lifespan menstruation stops
Is a continuous process Is a cyclical process
Completion of meiosis I & II takes days Completion of meiosis I & II takes years
- weeks & isn’t complete until after fertilization
Prophase I is hours- days long Prophase I is years long
One diploid precursor cell can One diploid precursor cell can result in
ultimately result in the formation of 4 the formation of 1 haploid ovum
haploid sperm capable of fertilizing a capable of being fertilized by a mature
mature ovum. sperm & up to 3 haploid polar bodies.
4. Differentiate the mode of inheritance of autosomal dominant,
autosomal recessive, and sex-linked recessive patterns of inheritance
for monogenic traits.(Beery & Workman, p.68-78; Pathophysiology, p.
152-158)
Autosomal Dominant -
● Equal distribution between males & females
● Has no carrier status (The person with even 1 dominant allele expresses
the trait)
● Appears in every generation
● The risk for an infected person who is heterozygous for the
dominant allele to pass the trait to their child is 50% (practice quiz
question)
● The risk for an infected person who is homozygous for the
dominant allele to pass the trait to their child is 100%
● Unaffected people do not have the allele & have essentially ZERO
risk transmitting it to their children
ANSWERS (PASS GUARANTEE)
Differentiate genotype and phenotype. Are there any situations where a
person’s genotype and phenotype are the same?(Beery & Workman,
p.19-20; Pathophysiology, p. 135; 151)
Genotype- the exact gene allele composition a person has for a specific
single-gene trait is the person’s GENOTYPE for that trait. The composition of
genes at a given locus. (Has the Brown hair gene). (having the PKU gene).
Phenotype- is the person’s observed expression of any given single-gene
trait. The outward appearance of an individual, which is the result of both genotype
& environment. (Actually HAS brown hair). (Showing mental retardation from
PKU).
Genotype AO blood & Phenotype AA blood: both express phenotype of type A
blood even though genotypes are different.
Genotype & Phenotype are the SAME when homozygous gene alleles are present
for a single-gene trait & for recessive traits & for dominant traits(but don’t have to
be).
1. Determine the gender and ploidy of a person based on his or her
karyotype.(Beery & Workman, p. 16-19)
Karyotype- an organized arrangement of all
the chromosomes within one cell during the
metaphase section of mitosis. Technician organizes
the chromosomes into pairs then arranges them by #
according to size & centromere position.
Determine Gender X is longer
than Y XX - female
XY - male
, Euploid (diploid 2N) - having chromosomes
that are normal for number & appear normal in
structure… Euploid is good! No obvious mutations
or deletions or additions.
Ploidy- the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell…
Tetraploidy = 4 sets of every chromosome (very rare) = 92
chromosomes (Which term describes a cell that contains a multiple of 23
chromosomes = prac quiz question)
2. Explain how dominant gene alleles and recessive gene alleles determine
expression of single gene traits.(Beery & Workman, p.18-19;
Pathophysiology, p. 151)
Single gene trait - one gene controls the expression of a specific structure,
protein, or function.
Dominant trait - expressed even when the 2 gene alleles for that trait are
different. (which term describes an allele with an observable effect - prac quiz
question)
Recessive trait - single gene trait that is expressed only when BOTH alleles are
the same.
, 3. Compare the processes in spermatogenesis and oogenesis.(Beery &
Workman, p.55-63, Table 3-1)
Spermatogenesis Oogenesis
Converts diploid precursor germ cells Converts diploid precursor germ cells
into mature haploid sperm into mature haploid ova
Requires the process of meiosis Requires the process of meiosis
Begins at puberty & continues through Begins in fetal life & stops when
the lifespan menstruation stops
Is a continuous process Is a cyclical process
Completion of meiosis I & II takes days Completion of meiosis I & II takes years
- weeks & isn’t complete until after fertilization
Prophase I is hours- days long Prophase I is years long
One diploid precursor cell can One diploid precursor cell can result in
ultimately result in the formation of 4 the formation of 1 haploid ovum
haploid sperm capable of fertilizing a capable of being fertilized by a mature
mature ovum. sperm & up to 3 haploid polar bodies.
4. Differentiate the mode of inheritance of autosomal dominant,
autosomal recessive, and sex-linked recessive patterns of inheritance
for monogenic traits.(Beery & Workman, p.68-78; Pathophysiology, p.
152-158)
Autosomal Dominant -
● Equal distribution between males & females
● Has no carrier status (The person with even 1 dominant allele expresses
the trait)
● Appears in every generation
● The risk for an infected person who is heterozygous for the
dominant allele to pass the trait to their child is 50% (practice quiz
question)
● The risk for an infected person who is homozygous for the
dominant allele to pass the trait to their child is 100%
● Unaffected people do not have the allele & have essentially ZERO
risk transmitting it to their children
