AC-HPAT BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORR
Pancreas cand cType c1 cdiabetes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cpancreas cis cthe corgan cthat cproduce
cmajor crole cin cregulating cblood cglucose clevels. cType c1 cdiabetes coccurs cwhen cthe cpancreas cd
cinsulin.
How cdoes cinsulin cwork cin cdiabetes? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Insulin cpumps care csmall, ccomputer
cway cthe chuman cpancreas cworks cby cdelivering csmall cdoses cof cshort cacting cinsulin ccontinuous
calso cis cused cto cdeliver cvariable camounts cof cinsulin cwhen ca cmeal cis ceaten c(bolus)
chemotherapy c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chemotherapy cis ca cdrug ctreatment cthat cuses cpowerful cch
ccells cin cyour cbody. cChemotherapy cis cmost coften cused cto ctreat ccancer, csince ccancer ccells cgro
cquickly cthan cmost ccells cin cthe cbody. cIt ctargets ccells cthat cgrow cand cdivide cquickly, cas ccancer
csurgery, cwhich ctarget cspecific careas, cchemo ccan cwork cthroughout cyour cbody. cBut cit ccan calso
chealthy ccells, clike cthose cof cthe cskin, chair, cintestines, cand cbone cmarrow.
How ccan cstem ccells cbe cused cin cthe ctreatment cof cleukemia? cAnd chow ceffective cis cit? c- cCORR
ctransplant creplaces cthe cleukemia ccells cin cyour cbone cmarrow cwith cnew cones cthat cmake cblood
cnew cstem ccells cfrom cyour cown cbody cor cfrom ca cdonor. cStem ccell ctransplantation cis ceffective c
ccases, chowever, cthe ctransferred cimmune ccells cof cthe cdonor calso cattack cthe crecipients' chealth
cconsequences. c... cStem ccell ctherapy coffers cpeople csuffering cfrom cleukemia cor cbone-marrow cc
crecovery.
Why cis claser ctechnology cmore ceffective cthan cconventional csurgery cin cremoving ccancerous ctum
cANS✔✔Lasers care cmore cprecise cthan cstandard csurgical ctools c(scalpels), cso cthey cdo cless cda
cresult, cpatients cusually chave cless cpain, cbleeding, cswelling, cand cscarring. cWith claser ctherapy, c
Urinary csystem c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cThe curinary csystem, calso cknown cas cthe crenal csystem c
cthe ckidneys, cureters, cbladder, cand cthe curethra. cThe cpurpose cof cthe curinary csystem cis cto celim
cregulate cblood cvolume cand cblood cpressure, ccontrol clevels cof celectrolytes cand cmetabolites, can
Nanotechnology c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Nanotechnology ccan cprovide crapid cand csensitive cdetecti
cmolecules, cenabling cscientists cto cdetect cmolecular cchanges ceven cwhen cthey coccur conly cin ca
Mercury cpoisoning c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cmost ccommon ccause cof cmercury cpoisoning cis cfr
cmethyl cmercury cor corganic cmercury, cwhich cis clinked cto ceating cseafood. cSmall camounts cof cme
cfoods cand cproducts, cwhich cmay cnot caffect cyour chealth. cToo cmuch cmercury, chowever, ccan cbe
, catalyst c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Catalyst: ca csubstance cthat cincreases cthe crate cof ca cchemical crea
cany cpermanent cchemical cchange.
fluid cmosaic cmodel c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔describes cthe cstructure cof cthe cplasma cmembrane cas
including cphospholipids, ccholesterol, cproteins, cand ccarbohydrates—that cgives cthe cmembrane ca
cproportions cof cproteins, clipids, cand ccarbohydrates cin cthe cplasma cmembrane cvary cwith ccell ctyp
Effect cof clead con cnerve ccells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Lead cpoisoning ccan ccause cperipheral cnerv
cmuscle cweakness cand cproblems cwith cthe csense cof ctouch. cWhen cresearchers cexamine cthese
cthat cthe cmyelin cinsulation cis coften cgone, cand cthe caxons care cdestroyed. cThese cchanges cprev
cmessages cproperly.
the ceffect cof celectromagnetic cradiation con cbrain c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Reported csymptoms cinc
csuicide cand cdepression, cnausea, cfatigue cand closs cof clibido. cTo cdate, cscientific cevidence cdoes
cthese csymptoms cand cexposure cto celectromagnetic cfields.
Carbohydrates cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Carbohydrates care cthe cmost cabundant cbiomolecu
cuse ccarbohydrates cas caccessible cenergy cto cfuel ccellular creactions cand cfor cstructural csupport c
ccarbohydrate cmolecules cto cproteins cand clipids, cmodifying cstructures cto cenhance cfunctionality.
Proteins cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Proteins cfold cup cinto cspecific cshapes caccording cto cthe
cthe cpolymer, cand cthe cprotein cfunction cis cdirectly crelated cto cthe cresulting c3D cstructure. cProtein
cother cor cother cmacromolecules cin cthe cbody cto ccreate ccomplex cassemblies.
Enzymes cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes care cthe ccatalysts cinvolved cin cbiological cchem
c"gnomes" cinside ceach cone cof cus cthat ctake cmolecules clike cnucleotides cand calign cthem ctogeth
cacids cto cmake cproteins, cto cname ctwo cof cthousands cof csuch cfunctions.
Function cof clipids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔They cinclude cfats, cwaxes, coils, chormones, cand ccertain
cand cfunction cas cenergy-storage cmolecules cand cchemical cmessengers. cTogether cwith cproteins
cone cof cthe cprincipal cstructural ccomponents cof cliving ccells
Lysosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔One cof cthe ckey corganelles cinvolved cin cdigestion cand cwaste c
cLysosomes care corganelles cthat ccontain cdigestive cenzymes. cThey cdigest cexcess cor cworn cout c
cengulfed cviruses cor cbacteria.
Vacuole c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cVacuoles care cmembrane-bound csacs cwithin cthe ccytoplasm cof
cdifferent cways. cIn cmature cplant ccells, cvacuoles ctend cto cbe cvery clarge cand care cextremely cimp
csupport, cas cwell cas cserving cfunctions csuch cas cstorage, cwaste cdisposal, cprotection, cand cgrow
Mitochondria c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cMitochondria care cknown cas cthe cpowerhouses cof cthe ccell.
clike ca cdigestive csystem cwhich ctakes cin cnutrients, cbreaks cthem cdown, cand ccreates cenergy cric
cbiochemical cprocesses cof cthe ccell care cknown cas ccellular crespiration.
Cell cmembrane c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cThe ccell cmembrane ccontrols cthe cmovement cof csubstan
corganelles. cIn cthis cway, cit cis cselectively cpermeable cto cions cand corganic cmolecules.
ribosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cRibosomes care ca ccell cstructure cthat cmakes cprotein. cProtein
cfunctions csuch cas crepairing cdamage cor cdirecting cchemical cprocesses. cRibosomes ccan cbe cfou
ccytoplasm cor cattached cto cthe cendoplasmic creticulum.
Endoplasmic cReticulum c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cEndoplasmic creticulum c(ER), cin cbiology, ca ccon
cthat cforms ca cseries cof cflattened csacs cwithin cthe ccytoplasm cof ceukaryotic ccells cand cserves cmu
cimportant cparticularly cin cthe csynthesis, cfolding, cmodification, cand ctransport cof cproteins
Pancreas cand cType c1 cdiabetes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cpancreas cis cthe corgan cthat cproduce
cmajor crole cin cregulating cblood cglucose clevels. cType c1 cdiabetes coccurs cwhen cthe cpancreas cd
cinsulin.
How cdoes cinsulin cwork cin cdiabetes? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Insulin cpumps care csmall, ccomputer
cway cthe chuman cpancreas cworks cby cdelivering csmall cdoses cof cshort cacting cinsulin ccontinuous
calso cis cused cto cdeliver cvariable camounts cof cinsulin cwhen ca cmeal cis ceaten c(bolus)
chemotherapy c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Chemotherapy cis ca cdrug ctreatment cthat cuses cpowerful cch
ccells cin cyour cbody. cChemotherapy cis cmost coften cused cto ctreat ccancer, csince ccancer ccells cgro
cquickly cthan cmost ccells cin cthe cbody. cIt ctargets ccells cthat cgrow cand cdivide cquickly, cas ccancer
csurgery, cwhich ctarget cspecific careas, cchemo ccan cwork cthroughout cyour cbody. cBut cit ccan calso
chealthy ccells, clike cthose cof cthe cskin, chair, cintestines, cand cbone cmarrow.
How ccan cstem ccells cbe cused cin cthe ctreatment cof cleukemia? cAnd chow ceffective cis cit? c- cCORR
ctransplant creplaces cthe cleukemia ccells cin cyour cbone cmarrow cwith cnew cones cthat cmake cblood
cnew cstem ccells cfrom cyour cown cbody cor cfrom ca cdonor. cStem ccell ctransplantation cis ceffective c
ccases, chowever, cthe ctransferred cimmune ccells cof cthe cdonor calso cattack cthe crecipients' chealth
cconsequences. c... cStem ccell ctherapy coffers cpeople csuffering cfrom cleukemia cor cbone-marrow cc
crecovery.
Why cis claser ctechnology cmore ceffective cthan cconventional csurgery cin cremoving ccancerous ctum
cANS✔✔Lasers care cmore cprecise cthan cstandard csurgical ctools c(scalpels), cso cthey cdo cless cda
cresult, cpatients cusually chave cless cpain, cbleeding, cswelling, cand cscarring. cWith claser ctherapy, c
Urinary csystem c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cThe curinary csystem, calso cknown cas cthe crenal csystem c
cthe ckidneys, cureters, cbladder, cand cthe curethra. cThe cpurpose cof cthe curinary csystem cis cto celim
cregulate cblood cvolume cand cblood cpressure, ccontrol clevels cof celectrolytes cand cmetabolites, can
Nanotechnology c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Nanotechnology ccan cprovide crapid cand csensitive cdetecti
cmolecules, cenabling cscientists cto cdetect cmolecular cchanges ceven cwhen cthey coccur conly cin ca
Mercury cpoisoning c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔The cmost ccommon ccause cof cmercury cpoisoning cis cfr
cmethyl cmercury cor corganic cmercury, cwhich cis clinked cto ceating cseafood. cSmall camounts cof cme
cfoods cand cproducts, cwhich cmay cnot caffect cyour chealth. cToo cmuch cmercury, chowever, ccan cbe
, catalyst c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Catalyst: ca csubstance cthat cincreases cthe crate cof ca cchemical crea
cany cpermanent cchemical cchange.
fluid cmosaic cmodel c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔describes cthe cstructure cof cthe cplasma cmembrane cas
including cphospholipids, ccholesterol, cproteins, cand ccarbohydrates—that cgives cthe cmembrane ca
cproportions cof cproteins, clipids, cand ccarbohydrates cin cthe cplasma cmembrane cvary cwith ccell ctyp
Effect cof clead con cnerve ccells c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Lead cpoisoning ccan ccause cperipheral cnerv
cmuscle cweakness cand cproblems cwith cthe csense cof ctouch. cWhen cresearchers cexamine cthese
cthat cthe cmyelin cinsulation cis coften cgone, cand cthe caxons care cdestroyed. cThese cchanges cprev
cmessages cproperly.
the ceffect cof celectromagnetic cradiation con cbrain c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Reported csymptoms cinc
csuicide cand cdepression, cnausea, cfatigue cand closs cof clibido. cTo cdate, cscientific cevidence cdoes
cthese csymptoms cand cexposure cto celectromagnetic cfields.
Carbohydrates cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Carbohydrates care cthe cmost cabundant cbiomolecu
cuse ccarbohydrates cas caccessible cenergy cto cfuel ccellular creactions cand cfor cstructural csupport c
ccarbohydrate cmolecules cto cproteins cand clipids, cmodifying cstructures cto cenhance cfunctionality.
Proteins cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Proteins cfold cup cinto cspecific cshapes caccording cto cthe
cthe cpolymer, cand cthe cprotein cfunction cis cdirectly crelated cto cthe cresulting c3D cstructure. cProtein
cother cor cother cmacromolecules cin cthe cbody cto ccreate ccomplex cassemblies.
Enzymes cfunction c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Enzymes care cthe ccatalysts cinvolved cin cbiological cchem
c"gnomes" cinside ceach cone cof cus cthat ctake cmolecules clike cnucleotides cand calign cthem ctogeth
cacids cto cmake cproteins, cto cname ctwo cof cthousands cof csuch cfunctions.
Function cof clipids c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔They cinclude cfats, cwaxes, coils, chormones, cand ccertain
cand cfunction cas cenergy-storage cmolecules cand cchemical cmessengers. cTogether cwith cproteins
cone cof cthe cprincipal cstructural ccomponents cof cliving ccells
Lysosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔One cof cthe ckey corganelles cinvolved cin cdigestion cand cwaste c
cLysosomes care corganelles cthat ccontain cdigestive cenzymes. cThey cdigest cexcess cor cworn cout c
cengulfed cviruses cor cbacteria.
Vacuole c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cVacuoles care cmembrane-bound csacs cwithin cthe ccytoplasm cof
cdifferent cways. cIn cmature cplant ccells, cvacuoles ctend cto cbe cvery clarge cand care cextremely cimp
csupport, cas cwell cas cserving cfunctions csuch cas cstorage, cwaste cdisposal, cprotection, cand cgrow
Mitochondria c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cMitochondria care cknown cas cthe cpowerhouses cof cthe ccell.
clike ca cdigestive csystem cwhich ctakes cin cnutrients, cbreaks cthem cdown, cand ccreates cenergy cric
cbiochemical cprocesses cof cthe ccell care cknown cas ccellular crespiration.
Cell cmembrane c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cThe ccell cmembrane ccontrols cthe cmovement cof csubstan
corganelles. cIn cthis cway, cit cis cselectively cpermeable cto cions cand corganic cmolecules.
ribosomes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cRibosomes care ca ccell cstructure cthat cmakes cprotein. cProtein
cfunctions csuch cas crepairing cdamage cor cdirecting cchemical cprocesses. cRibosomes ccan cbe cfou
ccytoplasm cor cattached cto cthe cendoplasmic creticulum.
Endoplasmic cReticulum c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔· cEndoplasmic creticulum c(ER), cin cbiology, ca ccon
cthat cforms ca cseries cof cflattened csacs cwithin cthe ccytoplasm cof ceukaryotic ccells cand cserves cmu
cimportant cparticularly cin cthe csynthesis, cfolding, cmodification, cand ctransport cof cproteins
