AMSCO APUSH TESTED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔States-Rights party (Dixiecrats) - ✔✔In 1948, Southern Democrats formed this new
party in reaction the President Truman's support of civil rights. (p. 560)
✔✔J. Strom Thurmond - ✔✔The South Carolina Governor, who the States-Rights party
(Dixiecrats) chose as their 1948 presidential nominee. (p. 560)
✔✔Thomas Dewey - ✔✔This Republican New York governor started the 1948
presidential election as the expected winner. He lost to Harry Truman after running a
cautious and unexciting campaign. (p. 560)
✔✔Fair Deal - ✔✔President Truman's attempt at extending the New Deal with national
health insurance, federal aid to education, civil rights legislation, public housing, and a
new farm program. Most of the Fair Deal was defeated because of Truman's political
conflicts with Congress and the pressing foreign policy concerns of the Cold War. (p.
561)
✔✔Cold War - ✔✔From the late 1940's to 1991, it dominated international relations.
The Communist empire of the Soviet Union against the Western democracy of the
United States. It was fought mainly through diplomacy rather than armed conflict, but
brought the world dangerously close to a nuclear war. (p. 561)
✔✔Soviet Union - ✔✔A Communist nation, consisting of Russia and 14 other states,
that existed from 1922 to 1991. (p. 561)
✔✔Joseph Stalin - ✔✔The leader of the Soviet Union during World War II. In the
Nonaggression Pact of 1939, he and Hitler agreed to divide up Eastern Europe. The
Soviets later fought Hitler in World War II. They were unhappy when the British and
Americans waited until 1944 to open a second battle front in France. (p. 562)
✔✔United Nations - ✔✔In the fall of 1945, this worldwide organization was founded and
allowed membership of all countries. It had a 15-member Security Council that was to
maintain international security and authorize peacekeeping missions. It is often referred
to as the U.N. (p. 562)
✔✔Security Council - ✔✔Within the United Nations, this council consisted of 15
members. There were five permanent members that had veto power: United States,
Great Britain, France, China, and the Soviet Union. (p. 562)
✔✔World Bank - ✔✔Created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. The bank's
initial purpose was to fund rebuilding after World War II. Also know as International
Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The Soviets declined to join because they
saw the bank as an instrument of capitalism. (p. 562)
, ✔✔Communist satellites - ✔✔Central and Eastern European nations ruled by
Communist dictators, most of them loyal to the Soviet Union. They included: Poland,
Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, and others. (p. 562)
✔✔Occupation zones - ✔✔At the end of World War II, Germany was divided into four
regions controlled by the Soviets, United States, Britain, and France. These areas were
supposed to be temporary but the Soviets maintained control of the eastern area. (p.
563)
✔✔Iron Curtain - ✔✔The term popularized by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to
describe the Soviet Union's policy of isolating and controlling the Soviet satellite states
of Eastern Europe. (p. 563)
✔✔Winston Churchill - ✔✔After World War II he declared, "An iron curtain has been
descended across the continent". He called for a partnership between Western
democracies to halt the expansion of communism. (p. 563)
✔✔historians: traditionalists vs. revisionists - ✔✔Traditional historians believe the Cold
War was started by the Soviet government subjugating the countries of Eastern Europe
in the late 1940s. In the 1960s, revisionist historians began to argue that the United
States contributed to starting the Cold War. (p. 572)
✔✔George Kennan - ✔✔Helped formulate Truman's containment policy. Expert on
Soviet Affairs, in an influential article he wrote that only "a long-term, patient but firm
and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies" would eventually cause the
Soviets to back off their Communist ideology of world domination and live in peace with
other nations. (p. 563)
✔✔Dean Acheson - ✔✔undersecretary of state who helped formulate Truman's
containment policy (p.
✔✔containment policy - ✔✔In 1947, President Truman adopted the advice of three top
advisers on how to contain Soviet aggression. This policy called for a long-term, firm,
and vigilant containment of the Soviet's expansion tendencies. They believed this would
eventually cause them to back off their Communist ideology of world domination. (p.
563)
✔✔Truman Doctrine - ✔✔This doctrine was in response to a Communist-led uprising
against the government in Greece and Soviet demand for some control of a water route
in Turkey. In 1947, President Truman asked Congress for $400 million in economic and
military aid to assist Greece and Turkey against totalitarian regimes. (p. 564)
✔✔Marshall Plan - ✔✔A 1947 plan of U.S. economic aid to help European nations
revive their economies and strengthen democratic governments, after the devastation of
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔States-Rights party (Dixiecrats) - ✔✔In 1948, Southern Democrats formed this new
party in reaction the President Truman's support of civil rights. (p. 560)
✔✔J. Strom Thurmond - ✔✔The South Carolina Governor, who the States-Rights party
(Dixiecrats) chose as their 1948 presidential nominee. (p. 560)
✔✔Thomas Dewey - ✔✔This Republican New York governor started the 1948
presidential election as the expected winner. He lost to Harry Truman after running a
cautious and unexciting campaign. (p. 560)
✔✔Fair Deal - ✔✔President Truman's attempt at extending the New Deal with national
health insurance, federal aid to education, civil rights legislation, public housing, and a
new farm program. Most of the Fair Deal was defeated because of Truman's political
conflicts with Congress and the pressing foreign policy concerns of the Cold War. (p.
561)
✔✔Cold War - ✔✔From the late 1940's to 1991, it dominated international relations.
The Communist empire of the Soviet Union against the Western democracy of the
United States. It was fought mainly through diplomacy rather than armed conflict, but
brought the world dangerously close to a nuclear war. (p. 561)
✔✔Soviet Union - ✔✔A Communist nation, consisting of Russia and 14 other states,
that existed from 1922 to 1991. (p. 561)
✔✔Joseph Stalin - ✔✔The leader of the Soviet Union during World War II. In the
Nonaggression Pact of 1939, he and Hitler agreed to divide up Eastern Europe. The
Soviets later fought Hitler in World War II. They were unhappy when the British and
Americans waited until 1944 to open a second battle front in France. (p. 562)
✔✔United Nations - ✔✔In the fall of 1945, this worldwide organization was founded and
allowed membership of all countries. It had a 15-member Security Council that was to
maintain international security and authorize peacekeeping missions. It is often referred
to as the U.N. (p. 562)
✔✔Security Council - ✔✔Within the United Nations, this council consisted of 15
members. There were five permanent members that had veto power: United States,
Great Britain, France, China, and the Soviet Union. (p. 562)
✔✔World Bank - ✔✔Created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. The bank's
initial purpose was to fund rebuilding after World War II. Also know as International
Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The Soviets declined to join because they
saw the bank as an instrument of capitalism. (p. 562)
, ✔✔Communist satellites - ✔✔Central and Eastern European nations ruled by
Communist dictators, most of them loyal to the Soviet Union. They included: Poland,
Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, and others. (p. 562)
✔✔Occupation zones - ✔✔At the end of World War II, Germany was divided into four
regions controlled by the Soviets, United States, Britain, and France. These areas were
supposed to be temporary but the Soviets maintained control of the eastern area. (p.
563)
✔✔Iron Curtain - ✔✔The term popularized by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to
describe the Soviet Union's policy of isolating and controlling the Soviet satellite states
of Eastern Europe. (p. 563)
✔✔Winston Churchill - ✔✔After World War II he declared, "An iron curtain has been
descended across the continent". He called for a partnership between Western
democracies to halt the expansion of communism. (p. 563)
✔✔historians: traditionalists vs. revisionists - ✔✔Traditional historians believe the Cold
War was started by the Soviet government subjugating the countries of Eastern Europe
in the late 1940s. In the 1960s, revisionist historians began to argue that the United
States contributed to starting the Cold War. (p. 572)
✔✔George Kennan - ✔✔Helped formulate Truman's containment policy. Expert on
Soviet Affairs, in an influential article he wrote that only "a long-term, patient but firm
and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies" would eventually cause the
Soviets to back off their Communist ideology of world domination and live in peace with
other nations. (p. 563)
✔✔Dean Acheson - ✔✔undersecretary of state who helped formulate Truman's
containment policy (p.
✔✔containment policy - ✔✔In 1947, President Truman adopted the advice of three top
advisers on how to contain Soviet aggression. This policy called for a long-term, firm,
and vigilant containment of the Soviet's expansion tendencies. They believed this would
eventually cause them to back off their Communist ideology of world domination. (p.
563)
✔✔Truman Doctrine - ✔✔This doctrine was in response to a Communist-led uprising
against the government in Greece and Soviet demand for some control of a water route
in Turkey. In 1947, President Truman asked Congress for $400 million in economic and
military aid to assist Greece and Turkey against totalitarian regimes. (p. 564)
✔✔Marshall Plan - ✔✔A 1947 plan of U.S. economic aid to help European nations
revive their economies and strengthen democratic governments, after the devastation of
