NSG504 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS QHA
Initial fasting glucose test/glucose screen
(normal value and next step if not normal) - Ans--The initial screen
should be <140 mg/dL; if it is 140 or higher, a three hour glucose
tolerance test will be administered
3 hour glucose tolerance test and when to diagnose gestational
diabetes - Ans--- Prior to drinking glucose solution, normal fasting
blood glucose should be <95 mg/dL
- 1 hour after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <180 mg/dL
- 2 hours after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <155 mg/dL
- 3 hours after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <140 mg/dL
^if any 2/4 are above normal limits, mom will be diagnoses with
gestational diabetes
what is done during the initial prenatal visit - Ans--- Social and
demographic info
- Menstrual history
- Past OB history
- Current pregnancy history (medications taken, alcohol/cig/drug use,
radiation exposure, vaginal bleeding, N/V/weight loss, infections,
exposure to toxins)
- Medical/surgical history (including immunizations)
- Genetic history (AMA/APA, congenital abnormalities, chromosomal
abnormalities, inherited diseases, consanguinity)
- Physical exam
-->vital signs, height, weight
- Head to toe physical assessment
--> attention to thyroid, heart and lung sounds, reproductive organs,
fetal heart rate (~9-15 weeks), fundal height (after 20 weeks)
,What are the laboratory components of the first prenatal visit? -
Ans--Labs
-- Blood and Rh type
-- CBC (Hgb, Hct, platelets)
-- Antibody screen
-- Rubella titer
-- Syphilis (RPR, VDRL)
-- HIV counseling/testing
-- Hepatitis B surface antigen
Urine culture and/or screen
Pelvic exam/tests
-- GC/Chlamydia
-- Pap smear (cancer screening)
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 14-20 weeks - Ans---
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein or multiple marker screen
- Special genetic testing (amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling)
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 24-28 weeks - Ans---
Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- Glucose screen for gestational diabetes
- Rh antibody screen and Rh immune globulin administration if Rh
(D)--negative
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 32-36 weeks - Ans---
Serologic test for syphilis (risk-based, IL-state law)
- Gonorrhea/Chlamydia screening (risk-based)
- Hemoglobin or hematocrit
- Group B streptococcus culture
What is done it every prenatal visit? - Ans--- Vital signs (especially
BP)
- Urine testing for glucose and protein
- Assess for perceived fetal movement
- Monitor weight gain
, - Fetal heart tones
- Fundal height
- Presentation
Which vaccines can you give to pregnant women? - Ans--Influenza
and TDAP
Development and function of the umbilical cord - Ans--The umbilical
cord develops (from the amnion. It provides a pathway from the
chorionic villi to the embryo
It protects the vessels (two arteries and one vein) that connect the
fetus to the placenta.
Function of amniotic fluid - Ans--Amniotic fluid cushions baby, helps
with temperature regulation, keeps baby in suspension, helps with
lung development, and helps avoid cord compresion
Physiology of the umbilical cord - Ans--The umbilical cord contains
two arteries and one vein (AVA) and is surrounded by Wharton's
jelly. It is typically twisted at 85 degrees
Fetal circulation - Ans--Three primary differences:
1. The ductus venosus allows the majority of blood to bypass the
liver and go straight from the umbilical vein into the inferior vena
cava
2. The foramen ovale allows oxygenated blood to bypass the
pulmonary system and go straight into the left atrium
3. The ductus arteriosis connexts the pulmonary trunk to the aorta
(bypassing the lungs)
Changes to fetal circulation after birth - Ans--The ductus venosus,
foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus close, increasing bloodflow to
the lungs and liver
ANSWERS QHA
Initial fasting glucose test/glucose screen
(normal value and next step if not normal) - Ans--The initial screen
should be <140 mg/dL; if it is 140 or higher, a three hour glucose
tolerance test will be administered
3 hour glucose tolerance test and when to diagnose gestational
diabetes - Ans--- Prior to drinking glucose solution, normal fasting
blood glucose should be <95 mg/dL
- 1 hour after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <180 mg/dL
- 2 hours after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <155 mg/dL
- 3 hours after drinking glucose solution, normal blood glucose
should be <140 mg/dL
^if any 2/4 are above normal limits, mom will be diagnoses with
gestational diabetes
what is done during the initial prenatal visit - Ans--- Social and
demographic info
- Menstrual history
- Past OB history
- Current pregnancy history (medications taken, alcohol/cig/drug use,
radiation exposure, vaginal bleeding, N/V/weight loss, infections,
exposure to toxins)
- Medical/surgical history (including immunizations)
- Genetic history (AMA/APA, congenital abnormalities, chromosomal
abnormalities, inherited diseases, consanguinity)
- Physical exam
-->vital signs, height, weight
- Head to toe physical assessment
--> attention to thyroid, heart and lung sounds, reproductive organs,
fetal heart rate (~9-15 weeks), fundal height (after 20 weeks)
,What are the laboratory components of the first prenatal visit? -
Ans--Labs
-- Blood and Rh type
-- CBC (Hgb, Hct, platelets)
-- Antibody screen
-- Rubella titer
-- Syphilis (RPR, VDRL)
-- HIV counseling/testing
-- Hepatitis B surface antigen
Urine culture and/or screen
Pelvic exam/tests
-- GC/Chlamydia
-- Pap smear (cancer screening)
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 14-20 weeks - Ans---
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein or multiple marker screen
- Special genetic testing (amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling)
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 24-28 weeks - Ans---
Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- Glucose screen for gestational diabetes
- Rh antibody screen and Rh immune globulin administration if Rh
(D)--negative
Evaluations performed at gestational age of 32-36 weeks - Ans---
Serologic test for syphilis (risk-based, IL-state law)
- Gonorrhea/Chlamydia screening (risk-based)
- Hemoglobin or hematocrit
- Group B streptococcus culture
What is done it every prenatal visit? - Ans--- Vital signs (especially
BP)
- Urine testing for glucose and protein
- Assess for perceived fetal movement
- Monitor weight gain
, - Fetal heart tones
- Fundal height
- Presentation
Which vaccines can you give to pregnant women? - Ans--Influenza
and TDAP
Development and function of the umbilical cord - Ans--The umbilical
cord develops (from the amnion. It provides a pathway from the
chorionic villi to the embryo
It protects the vessels (two arteries and one vein) that connect the
fetus to the placenta.
Function of amniotic fluid - Ans--Amniotic fluid cushions baby, helps
with temperature regulation, keeps baby in suspension, helps with
lung development, and helps avoid cord compresion
Physiology of the umbilical cord - Ans--The umbilical cord contains
two arteries and one vein (AVA) and is surrounded by Wharton's
jelly. It is typically twisted at 85 degrees
Fetal circulation - Ans--Three primary differences:
1. The ductus venosus allows the majority of blood to bypass the
liver and go straight from the umbilical vein into the inferior vena
cava
2. The foramen ovale allows oxygenated blood to bypass the
pulmonary system and go straight into the left atrium
3. The ductus arteriosis connexts the pulmonary trunk to the aorta
(bypassing the lungs)
Changes to fetal circulation after birth - Ans--The ductus venosus,
foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus close, increasing bloodflow to
the lungs and liver
