,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
yh
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. nitrogen fixation yh c. synthesis of vitamins yh yh
b. production of fermented foods yh yh d. causative agents of disease yh y h yh yh yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h C: Re
yh
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. fungi.
y h c. virus.
b. E. coli.
y h yh d. algae.
ANS: C yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh yh MSC: Applying yh yh yh yh yh
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. yh
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh yh MSC: Applying yh yh yh yh yh
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
y h
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
yh yh
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
yh y h yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. the absence of proteins
yh yh yh
b. the presence of DNA
yh yh yh
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
yh yh yh yh
d. the presence of a cell wall
yh yh yh yh yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Remembering
yh yh yh yh yh yh
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h l
osely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. physical characteristics yh c. DNA sequence comparison yh yh
b. method of reproduction yh yh d. environmental habitat y h yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli yh
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: y h 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi y h
ANS: A y h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h yh
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic th
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
at targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
yh yh yh yh
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba yh yh
b. Herpes virus yh d. bread mold y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h yh
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
y h yh c. Robert Hooke
yh yh
b. Catherine of Siena
y h yh d. Louis Pasteur
yh yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 yh
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h
C: Remembering
yh
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 yh
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h
: Understanding
yh
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. vinegar eels yh c. mold filaments yh
b. dust mites yh d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: y h 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
yh
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. nitrogen fixation yh c. synthesis of vitamins yh yh
b. production of fermented foods yh yh d. causative agents of disease yh y h yh yh yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h C: Re
yh
membering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. fungi.
y h c. virus.
b. E. coli.
y h yh d. algae.
ANS: C yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh yh MSC: Applying yh yh yh yh yh
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. yh
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh yh MSC: Applying yh yh yh yh yh
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
y h
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
yh yh
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
yh y h yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. the absence of proteins
yh yh yh
b. the presence of DNA
yh yh yh
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
yh yh yh yh
d. the presence of a cell wall
yh yh yh yh yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Remembering
yh yh yh yh yh yh
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h l
osely related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. physical characteristics yh c. DNA sequence comparison yh yh
b. method of reproduction yh yh d. environmental habitat y h yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh yh MSC: Applying
yh yh yh yh yh yh
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli yh
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: y h 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi y h
ANS: A y h DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h et
yh
hree domains have in common and how they differ.
yh yh MSC: Understanding
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h yh
of an organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic th
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
at targets cellular metabolic enzymes?
yh yh yh yh
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba yh yh
b. Herpes virus yh d. bread mold y h yh
ANS: B yh DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 yh
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: A
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h yh
nalyzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
y h yh c. Robert Hooke
yh yh
b. Catherine of Siena
y h yh d. Louis Pasteur
yh yh
ANS: C yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 yh
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MS
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h
C: Remembering
yh
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 yh
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh y h
: Understanding
yh
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh yh
a. vinegar eels yh c. mold filaments yh
b. dust mites yh d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis yh
ANS: D yh DIF: Moderate REF: y h 1.2
