CSO Exam Comprehensive Final Exam Review with Verified Answers and Key Concepts (Updated 2025–2026)

CSO Exam Comprehensive Final Exam v




Review with Verified Answers and Key
Concepts (Updated 2025–2026)


Loss or absence of the sense of taste - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Ageusia
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Transfer of marrow from donor to another person who is not genetically identical - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔
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Allogenic marrow transplantationv v




Chemical agents (cytotoxics, biotherapies, hormones) or other agents used to prevent the development,
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maturation or spread of neoplastic cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Antineoplastic agents
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molecules (ie. vitamins) that block action of activated oxygen molecules (free radicals) that can demage cells -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔antioxidants
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transfer of marrow from the pt's OWN tissue (from hematopietic stem cells) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔
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autologous marrow transplantation v v




per sample test question:temporal wasting, depleted fat stores, profound anorexia
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Multifactorial syndrome characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass, anorexia, early satiety, wt loss,
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anemia, edema, fatigue, possible metabolic alterations, increased inflammatory markers and progressive
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functional impairment.
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Pathophysiology characterized by negative protein energy balance driven by variable combination of reduced
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food intake and abnormal metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cancer cachexia
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,an agent (physical, chemical, or viral) that induces CA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔carcinogen
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the origin or development of CA, a multistage, biological process that proceeds on a continuum but is often
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described in stages of initiation, promotion and progression - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔carcinogenesis
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protein mediators produced by inflammatory cells in response to exogenous stimuli, produce metabolic
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changes & wasting - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔cytokines
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altered taste - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔dysgeusia
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a disease caused by the immune response of histoincompatible, immunocompetent donor cells against the
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tissues of an immunoincompetent host; an immuniologic reaction of allogeneic donor cells (graft) reacting
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against the pt (host) tissues
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evidenced by icterus & abnormal liver functions, severe /secretory diarrhea - may need total bowel rest -->
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isomotic, low residue, lactose-free diet --> solids with low lactose, fiber, fat & acideity, gastric irritants -->
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regular diet
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- usually 3 onths after transplant (but may be 7-10 days post) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔graft-versus-host
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disease (GVHD)
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decreased taste acuity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔hypogeusia v v v v v




the initial stage of tumorigenesis, involving transformation of cellular DNA - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔initiation
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mass of cancer cells that invades surrounding tissues or spreads to distant areas of body - CORRECT ANSWER✔
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✔malignant neoplasm v




growth of malignant tissue THAT SPREADS to surrounding tissue or organs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔
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metastasis

,suppression of bone marrow cell production - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔myelosuppression v v v v v v v v




a reduction of WBC (neutrophils) that can be caused by chemo or XRT, results in increased susceptibility to life-
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threatening infections - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔neutropenia v v v v




a reduction in all cellular elements of the blood (WBC, RBC, platlets) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔pancytopenia
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nonutritive compounds in plants thought to influence the process of tumorigenesis.
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Compounds in plants (apart from vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients) that have a beneficial effect the
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body. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔phytochemicals
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the phase in which tumor cells aggregate, grow autonomously and form benign tumors that eventually lead to
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malignant phenotype with the capacity for tissue invasion & mets - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔progression
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The stage of tumorigenesis in which initiated cells are activated by a promoting agent to multiply and form a
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discrete tumor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Promotion
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a condition of inflammation that can occur after XRT to the GI tract & that leads to diarrhea & malabsorption -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔radiation-induced enteritis
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a classification system known as TNM that is used to identify the "extent" of the tumor: its size, the degree of
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growth & spread;
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T - size of tumor
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N- degree of spread to lymph nodes
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M- presence of mets - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔staging
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, a protein that is produced chiefly by monocytes and macrophages in response especially to endotoxins and
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that mediates inflammation and induces the destruction of some tumor cells and the activation of white blood
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cells
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(cachectin, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interferon-y); a hormone-like protein that releases fat from fat stores,
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reduces the concentration of enzymes required for the production and storage of fat & induces a stage of
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anorexia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Tumor necrosis factor
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- transplant related complication
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- a symptomatic occlusion of the small hepatic venules caused by hepatotoxins & XRT; may resolve after
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removal of the offending agent or may progress to portal HTN & liver failure
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- 1-3 wks post transplant
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-hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, hepatic failure, encephalopathy & multi-organ failure - CORRECT ANSWERv v v v v v v v v v v




✔✔veno-occlusive disease (VOD) v v




mouth dryness - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Xerostomia
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Muslim/Islamic law. v




Fasting common v




Women have decreased sun exposure 2/2 coverings
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forbidden: pork, pork products, gelatin, ETOH (including extracts), diet can be low in heme iron - CORRECT
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ANSWER✔✔cultural-Halal diet
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Jewish dietary laws/ Parve:
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separate utensils for food prep/eating v v v v