PYC370
3
EXAM
PACK
2025-
2026
, Chapter 1
TEST BANK
Which of the following examples is most analogous to the goal of the structuralist movement?
Scientists study an entire assembled jigsaw puzzle in order to understand each of the pieces.
Scientists look at how the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle fit together in order to understand the
assembling process.
Scientists look at each piece of a jigsaw puzzle in order to understand the whole puzzle as
assembled.
Scientists study the different ways a jigsaw puzzle can be assembled to form different
images.
ANS: c.
The school of thought that focuses on answering the question of “What do people do and why
do they do it?” is called a. Gestaltism.
structuralism.
psychoanalysis.
functionalism.
ANS: d
Which of the following is not consistent with the ideas of functionalism?
the study of the organism independent of its environment
the study of mental processes
the study and uses of consciousness
the study of the relationship between the organism and its environment
ANS: a
Lorraine was conducting an experiment in which she was eating an apple and was trying to
analyze the experience. What technique was she using? a. in vivo
introspection
empiricism
naturalistic observation
ANS: b
A leader in guiding functionalism toward pragmatism was __________, whose chief functional
contribution to the field of psychology was his landmark book, Principles of Psychology.
John Dewey
William James
Edward Lee Thorndike
Hermann Ebbinghaus ANS: b
Pragmatism concerns itself most directly with the
practicality of acquiring knowledge.
degree to which knowledge is empirical.
, philosophical implications of knowledge.
usefulness of knowledge.
ANS: d
Of the following types of knowledge, a pragmatist would most likely support the study of
knowledge that
exists for its own sake.
can be used to help people become better educated.
enables us to speculate further on the relationship between body and mind.
has no specific use, but is highly interesting from a psychological perspective.
ANS: b
Associationism is a school of psychology, arising from Locke and Aristotle, that examines
how ideas become associated with each other in the mind.
the process by which the thoughts of some people associate with the thoughts of others.
how “nonreal” representative objects become associated with abstract “ideal” objects in the
mind.
observable associations between stimuli and responses.
ANS: a
This researcher examined the impact of rehearsal on memory using himself as a subject. a.
Tolman
Dewey
Kant
Ebbinghaus ANS: d
The “law of effect” states that a stimulus will tend to produce a certain response over time if the
stimulus is conditioned.
organism is repeatedly rewarded for that response.
organism is repeatedly punished for that response.
stimulus and the response are both unconditioned.
ANS: b
The landmark experiment in which dogs salivate at the sight of the person who feeds them
provides an example of
classically conditioned learning.
instrumental learning.
social learning.
physiological psychology.
ANS: a
Skinner’s argument included the idea of operant conditioning, which refers to his belief that
, the strengthening or weakening of behavior, depending upon the presence or absence of
reinforcement or punishment, explains all human behavior.
all human behavior can be explained by operant conditioning, involving the strengthening or
weakening of behavior, depending only on the presence of punishment.
human behavior is highly unpredictable and, as a result, only some human behavior can be
explained in terms of reinforcement-punishment relationships.
human behavior cannot be understood without taking into account the purpose of the
behavior.
ANS: a
John Watson, the founder of radical behaviorism, was an American psychologist who
rejected all aspects of functionalism.
supported the functionalist movement and was one of its most ardent supporters.
rejected some aspects of functionalism, but at the same time drew heavily from the
functionalists.
altered the course of functionalism and later renamed the movement “behaviorism.”
ANS: c.
Which of the following is a legitimate criticism of Behaviorism?
The behavioristic principles did not explain language learning well.
The law of effect did not generalize to humans.
Classical conditioning only works on animals.
All of the above are legitimate criticisms.
ANS: a
Gestalt psychology has most greatly influenced, specifically, the study of
3
EXAM
PACK
2025-
2026
, Chapter 1
TEST BANK
Which of the following examples is most analogous to the goal of the structuralist movement?
Scientists study an entire assembled jigsaw puzzle in order to understand each of the pieces.
Scientists look at how the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle fit together in order to understand the
assembling process.
Scientists look at each piece of a jigsaw puzzle in order to understand the whole puzzle as
assembled.
Scientists study the different ways a jigsaw puzzle can be assembled to form different
images.
ANS: c.
The school of thought that focuses on answering the question of “What do people do and why
do they do it?” is called a. Gestaltism.
structuralism.
psychoanalysis.
functionalism.
ANS: d
Which of the following is not consistent with the ideas of functionalism?
the study of the organism independent of its environment
the study of mental processes
the study and uses of consciousness
the study of the relationship between the organism and its environment
ANS: a
Lorraine was conducting an experiment in which she was eating an apple and was trying to
analyze the experience. What technique was she using? a. in vivo
introspection
empiricism
naturalistic observation
ANS: b
A leader in guiding functionalism toward pragmatism was __________, whose chief functional
contribution to the field of psychology was his landmark book, Principles of Psychology.
John Dewey
William James
Edward Lee Thorndike
Hermann Ebbinghaus ANS: b
Pragmatism concerns itself most directly with the
practicality of acquiring knowledge.
degree to which knowledge is empirical.
, philosophical implications of knowledge.
usefulness of knowledge.
ANS: d
Of the following types of knowledge, a pragmatist would most likely support the study of
knowledge that
exists for its own sake.
can be used to help people become better educated.
enables us to speculate further on the relationship between body and mind.
has no specific use, but is highly interesting from a psychological perspective.
ANS: b
Associationism is a school of psychology, arising from Locke and Aristotle, that examines
how ideas become associated with each other in the mind.
the process by which the thoughts of some people associate with the thoughts of others.
how “nonreal” representative objects become associated with abstract “ideal” objects in the
mind.
observable associations between stimuli and responses.
ANS: a
This researcher examined the impact of rehearsal on memory using himself as a subject. a.
Tolman
Dewey
Kant
Ebbinghaus ANS: d
The “law of effect” states that a stimulus will tend to produce a certain response over time if the
stimulus is conditioned.
organism is repeatedly rewarded for that response.
organism is repeatedly punished for that response.
stimulus and the response are both unconditioned.
ANS: b
The landmark experiment in which dogs salivate at the sight of the person who feeds them
provides an example of
classically conditioned learning.
instrumental learning.
social learning.
physiological psychology.
ANS: a
Skinner’s argument included the idea of operant conditioning, which refers to his belief that
, the strengthening or weakening of behavior, depending upon the presence or absence of
reinforcement or punishment, explains all human behavior.
all human behavior can be explained by operant conditioning, involving the strengthening or
weakening of behavior, depending only on the presence of punishment.
human behavior is highly unpredictable and, as a result, only some human behavior can be
explained in terms of reinforcement-punishment relationships.
human behavior cannot be understood without taking into account the purpose of the
behavior.
ANS: a
John Watson, the founder of radical behaviorism, was an American psychologist who
rejected all aspects of functionalism.
supported the functionalist movement and was one of its most ardent supporters.
rejected some aspects of functionalism, but at the same time drew heavily from the
functionalists.
altered the course of functionalism and later renamed the movement “behaviorism.”
ANS: c.
Which of the following is a legitimate criticism of Behaviorism?
The behavioristic principles did not explain language learning well.
The law of effect did not generalize to humans.
Classical conditioning only works on animals.
All of the above are legitimate criticisms.
ANS: a
Gestalt psychology has most greatly influenced, specifically, the study of
