Group dynamics ;cohesion
With Complete Solutions
Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is a group. ANSWER - Collection of individuals who have no relations to one another
that make them interdependent to some significant degree.
Key requirements for a group. ANSWER - Interaction
Mutual awareness
Interdependance
Continuity over time
without these its not a group
Need to understand group processes. ANSWER - As well as individual ability in order to
understand group performance
Steiners model of performance. ANSWER - Actual productivity = potential productivity -
losses due to faulty process
High potential productivity - Lots of losses due to faulty process. ANSWER - Team
performes below potential
Actual productivity. ANSWER - What the group actually does (Performance)
Potential productivity. ANSWER - Groups best possible performance given the resources
relevant to the task and demands of the task
Process. ANSWER - Everything the group does which transforms its recourses into a
product (Processes)
Faulty process. ANSWER - The innefective use of available resources to meet task demands
, 2 types
Co-ordination losses
Motivation losses
Co-ordination losses. ANSWER - Up to the coach
E.g poor timing, poor teamwork
Motivation losses. ANSWER - Up to the players
Occour when some or all members of the group/team lack effort or desire (Social loafing)
Reducing faulty processes. ANSWER - Coach or leaders role to develop and practice
organisational startagies that reduce co-ordination loss and maintain optimal motivation
levels
Ringleman effect. ANSWER - Average individual performance decreases with increases in
group size
Ringleman 1898. ANSWER - 1,2,3,8 people tugging on a rope
Found: 1 person 100% of individual force, 2=93% 3=85%
8=49%
Co-ordination or motivation loss
Ingram et al 1974. ANSWER - Replication of ringleman but controlled for co-orfination
losses
Found: 85% in 3 person group
78% in 6 person group
Concluded it was due to motivational losses
Faulty process overall conclusion. ANSWER - Although co-ordination losses increase as
group size increases ringleman effect not due to co-ordination losses
With Complete Solutions
Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is a group. ANSWER - Collection of individuals who have no relations to one another
that make them interdependent to some significant degree.
Key requirements for a group. ANSWER - Interaction
Mutual awareness
Interdependance
Continuity over time
without these its not a group
Need to understand group processes. ANSWER - As well as individual ability in order to
understand group performance
Steiners model of performance. ANSWER - Actual productivity = potential productivity -
losses due to faulty process
High potential productivity - Lots of losses due to faulty process. ANSWER - Team
performes below potential
Actual productivity. ANSWER - What the group actually does (Performance)
Potential productivity. ANSWER - Groups best possible performance given the resources
relevant to the task and demands of the task
Process. ANSWER - Everything the group does which transforms its recourses into a
product (Processes)
Faulty process. ANSWER - The innefective use of available resources to meet task demands
, 2 types
Co-ordination losses
Motivation losses
Co-ordination losses. ANSWER - Up to the coach
E.g poor timing, poor teamwork
Motivation losses. ANSWER - Up to the players
Occour when some or all members of the group/team lack effort or desire (Social loafing)
Reducing faulty processes. ANSWER - Coach or leaders role to develop and practice
organisational startagies that reduce co-ordination loss and maintain optimal motivation
levels
Ringleman effect. ANSWER - Average individual performance decreases with increases in
group size
Ringleman 1898. ANSWER - 1,2,3,8 people tugging on a rope
Found: 1 person 100% of individual force, 2=93% 3=85%
8=49%
Co-ordination or motivation loss
Ingram et al 1974. ANSWER - Replication of ringleman but controlled for co-orfination
losses
Found: 85% in 3 person group
78% in 6 person group
Concluded it was due to motivational losses
Faulty process overall conclusion. ANSWER - Although co-ordination losses increase as
group size increases ringleman effect not due to co-ordination losses
