N582 UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔9. The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk.
The nurse suggests filling calcium needs with:
a. rye bread.
b. yogurt.
c. apples.
d. raisins. - ✔✔ANS: B
Lactose, primarily found in milk, is a common source of food intolerance. Dairy products
are an important source of calcium, which is needed to prevent osteoporosis. Lactose-
intolerant individuals need to replace milk with cheese and yogurt, which are processed
and digested more easily.
REF: Page 1092 TOP: Gastrointestinal alterations
✔✔10. The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. The nurse
explains that the problem is most likely related to:
a. loss of bladder tone.
b. decrease in testosterone.
c. decrease in bladder capacity.
d. intake of caffeine. - ✔✔ANS: C
At least 50% of older men and 70% of older women must get up two or more times
during the night to empty their bladders, a condition known as nocturia (excessive
urination at night). The most significant age-related change is the decrease in bladder
capacity.
REF: Page 1094
TOP: Incontinence
✔✔11. The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she
sneezes. The nurse explains that this type of incontinence is called:
a. urge incontinence.
b. stress incontinence.
c. overflow incontinence.
d. functional incontinence. - ✔✔ANS: B
Stress incontinence results from sneezing, which causes increased abdominal
pressure.
REF: Page 1095 TOP: Incontinence
✔✔12. A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood
vessel elasticity, which leads the nurse to assess for:
a. confusion.
, b. tachycardia.
c. hypertension.
d. retained secretions. - ✔✔ANS: C
The blood vessels become less elastic and may lead to increased blood pressure.
REF: Page 1095
TOP: Circulatory alterations
✔✔13. The nurse suggests that to relieve the pain of claudication the patient should:
a. rest.
b. exercise.
c. cross his legs.
d. walk. - ✔✔ANS: A
A nursing intervention to relieve pain is to recommend the patient rest periodically until
the pain subsides. The nurse could also suggest improving circulation progress by
walking.
REF: Page 1097 TOP: Circulatory alterations
✔✔14. The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote
inhalation of adequate oxygen. This method of breathing is:
a. pursed-lip breathing.
b. increased inspiration.
c. vital capacity.
d. decreased expiration. - ✔✔ANS: A
Pursed-lip breathing can help empty the lungs of used air and promote inhalation of
additional oxygen.
REF: Page 1098 TOP: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
✔✔15. The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has
decreased resistance to respiratory infections, making her more at risk for:
a. COPD.
b. bronchitis.
c. pneumonia.
d. atelectasis. - ✔✔ANS: C
Decreased resistance to respiratory infections causes older individuals to contract
pneumonia.
REF: Pages 1098-1099 TOP: Respiratory alterations
GRADED A+
✔9. The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk.
The nurse suggests filling calcium needs with:
a. rye bread.
b. yogurt.
c. apples.
d. raisins. - ✔✔ANS: B
Lactose, primarily found in milk, is a common source of food intolerance. Dairy products
are an important source of calcium, which is needed to prevent osteoporosis. Lactose-
intolerant individuals need to replace milk with cheese and yogurt, which are processed
and digested more easily.
REF: Page 1092 TOP: Gastrointestinal alterations
✔✔10. The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. The nurse
explains that the problem is most likely related to:
a. loss of bladder tone.
b. decrease in testosterone.
c. decrease in bladder capacity.
d. intake of caffeine. - ✔✔ANS: C
At least 50% of older men and 70% of older women must get up two or more times
during the night to empty their bladders, a condition known as nocturia (excessive
urination at night). The most significant age-related change is the decrease in bladder
capacity.
REF: Page 1094
TOP: Incontinence
✔✔11. The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she
sneezes. The nurse explains that this type of incontinence is called:
a. urge incontinence.
b. stress incontinence.
c. overflow incontinence.
d. functional incontinence. - ✔✔ANS: B
Stress incontinence results from sneezing, which causes increased abdominal
pressure.
REF: Page 1095 TOP: Incontinence
✔✔12. A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood
vessel elasticity, which leads the nurse to assess for:
a. confusion.
, b. tachycardia.
c. hypertension.
d. retained secretions. - ✔✔ANS: C
The blood vessels become less elastic and may lead to increased blood pressure.
REF: Page 1095
TOP: Circulatory alterations
✔✔13. The nurse suggests that to relieve the pain of claudication the patient should:
a. rest.
b. exercise.
c. cross his legs.
d. walk. - ✔✔ANS: A
A nursing intervention to relieve pain is to recommend the patient rest periodically until
the pain subsides. The nurse could also suggest improving circulation progress by
walking.
REF: Page 1097 TOP: Circulatory alterations
✔✔14. The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote
inhalation of adequate oxygen. This method of breathing is:
a. pursed-lip breathing.
b. increased inspiration.
c. vital capacity.
d. decreased expiration. - ✔✔ANS: A
Pursed-lip breathing can help empty the lungs of used air and promote inhalation of
additional oxygen.
REF: Page 1098 TOP: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
✔✔15. The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has
decreased resistance to respiratory infections, making her more at risk for:
a. COPD.
b. bronchitis.
c. pneumonia.
d. atelectasis. - ✔✔ANS: C
Decreased resistance to respiratory infections causes older individuals to contract
pneumonia.
REF: Pages 1098-1099 TOP: Respiratory alterations
