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BIOL331 / BIOL 331 Module 4 (Latest Update 2026 / 2027) Pathophysiology | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Portage Learning

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BIOL331 / BIOL 331 Module 4 (Latest Update 2026 / 2027) Pathophysiology | Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - Portage Learning Cardiovascular & Hematopoietic Disorders Question: Two main coronary arteries Answer: Left and right coronary arteries Question: Left coronary artery branches into: Answer: Left anterior descending Circumflex Question: Right coronary artery branch forms: Answer: the posterior descending artery

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Uploaded on
January 4, 2026
Number of pages
110
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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BIOL331 / BIOL 331 Module 4
(Latest Update )
Pathophysiology | Questions &
Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct -
Portage Learning

Cardiovascular & Hematopoietic Disorders




Question:
Two main coronary arteries
Answer:
Left and right coronary arteries




Question:
Left coronary artery branches into:
Answer:
Left anterior descending
Circumflex

,Question:
Right coronary artery branch forms:
Answer:
the posterior descending artery




Question:
Myocardial oxygen demand (MVO2) determinants (3)


-Which is most important factor?
Answer:
-Heart rate (most important factor)
-Left ventricular contractility
-Systolic pressure




Question:
Best methods to assess coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion (4)
Answer:
Electrocardiography
Exercise stress testing
Echocardiography
Cardiac catheterization

,Question:
Electrocardiography def:
Answer:
12 lead ECG (EKG)


-Records electrical potential differences during the cardiac cycle.


-IDs ventricular conduction defects, arrhythmias, electrolyte imbalances,
drug effect and genetically mediated electrical or structural abnormalities.




Question:
Exercise stress testing def:
Answer:
Observes cardiac function under stress


-Done on adults with suspected ischemic heart disease
-Can also check for physiologic response preop, post MI or revascularization.
-Can observe the severity of arrhythmias.

, Question:
Echocardiography is best for:


What does it gather data on?
Answer:
Best method to check structure and function of the heart.


Movement of the left ventricular wall and septum, estimates diastolic and
systolic volumes, views motion of segments on left ventricular wall.




Question:
Cardiac catheterization def:
Answer:
One of the most widely used invasive procedures to assess CAD.


-Catheter inserted into the great vessels and chambers of the heart.
-Radiographic contrast is injected into the coronary arteries so they can be
visualized and filmed.
-Allows for viewing of the coronary artery narrowing, placement of stents and
determine the need for artery bypass surgery.

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