HESI A2 Exam 2026 – Updated Practice Questions, Study Guide, and Comprehensive Review for Nursing Students

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HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology (NEW UPDATED VERSION) LATEST ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) |
GUARANTEED PASS A+ UPDATED 2026




What is histology? - CORRECT ANSWER The study of tissues



QUESTION : What is a tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER A group of cells that
act together to perform a specific function.



QUESTION : What are the fundamental tissues? - CORRECT ANSWER
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)



QUESTION : What is the function of epithelial cells? - CORRECT ANSWER
Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.



QUESTION : What is the function of connective tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER
Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.



QUESTION : What is neuroglia? - CORRECT ANSWER The neurons and
connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissu e.



QUESTION : What ability does muscle tissue have? - CORRECT ANSWER
Ability to contract and shorten.




2026 2027 GRADED A+

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QUESTION : What is muscle tissue classified as? - CORRECT ANSWER
Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)



QUESTION : What is meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER The cell division that
takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.



QUESTION : What two layers compose the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER
Epidermis and dermis.



QUESTION : What is the epidermis? - CORRECT ANSWER The outermost
protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.



QUESTION : What is the dermis? - CORRECT ANSWER The underlying
layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated
skin tissues.



QUESTION : What are the layers of the epidermis? - CORRECT ANSWER
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.


QUESTION : What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? -
CORRECT ANSWER Radiation from the Sun



QUESTION : What is the dermis composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER
Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve
endings, hair follicles, and glands.




2026 2027 GRADED A+

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QUESTION : What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - CORRECT ANSWER
ecrine & apocrine



QUESTION : What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - CORRECT ANSWER
Sweat. Regulate body temperature.



QUESTION : What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - CORRECT ANSWER
Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces
body odor.



QUESTION : What do sebaceous glands secrete? - CORRECT ANSWER
They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and
prevents drying.



QUESTION : What secretion produces oil? - CORRECT ANSWER
Holocrine secretion.


QUESTION : What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? -
CORRECT ANSWER Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.



QUESTION : What protein composes the hair a nd skin? - CORRECT ANSWER
Keratin



QUESTION : What makes the body's framework? - CORRECT ANSWER
Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.



QUESTION : What are the functions of the skeletal system? - CORRECT
ANSWER Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal
organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED
SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*



2026 2027 GRADED A+

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QUESTION : How are bones classified? - CORRECT ANSWER By shape.

Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*


QUESTION : What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? -
CORRECT ANSWER Osteoblasts



QUESTION : What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense
bone matrix? - CORRECT ANSWER They stop dividing but continue to
maintain body tissues as osteocytes.



QUESTION : How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - CORRECT
ANSWER 28 bones of the skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.



QUESTION : How many bones make the facial skeleton? - CORRECT ANSWER
2 nasal bones
2 maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
1 mandible
2 palatine bones
1 vomer
2 lacrimal bones
2 inferior nasal bones



2026 2027 GRADED A+