,Polit & Beck
Canadian
Essentials
of Nursing
Research
Fourth Edition
Kevin Woo, PhD, RN, FAPWCA
Associate Professor
Queen’s University
Kingston, Ontario, Canada
,Acquisitions Editor: Christina C. Burns
Development Editor: Dan Reilly
Editorial Coordinator: Lindsay Ries
Marketing Manager: Sarah Schuessler
Production Product Manager: David Saltzberg
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield
Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc.
Copyright 2019 Wolters Kluwer.
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be rep
form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, o
storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except fo
critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part
government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request perm
Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email
via our website at lww.com (products and services).
987654321
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN-13: 978-1-4963-0146-8
ISBN-10: 1-4963-0146-3
Cataloging-in-Publication data available on request from the Publisher.
This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, expr
warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.
This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare profe
patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior m
history, laboratory data and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provi
and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are
of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.
Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independen
medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and trea
and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medica
are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturer’s package insert)
verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any c
contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently use
range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assum
injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence l
, To students, clinicians, educators, researchers and all levels of knowledge u
Canadian
Essentials
of Nursing
Research
Fourth Edition
Kevin Woo, PhD, RN, FAPWCA
Associate Professor
Queen’s University
Kingston, Ontario, Canada
,Acquisitions Editor: Christina C. Burns
Development Editor: Dan Reilly
Editorial Coordinator: Lindsay Ries
Marketing Manager: Sarah Schuessler
Production Product Manager: David Saltzberg
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield
Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc.
Copyright 2019 Wolters Kluwer.
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be rep
form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, o
storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except fo
critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part
government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request perm
Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email
via our website at lww.com (products and services).
987654321
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN-13: 978-1-4963-0146-8
ISBN-10: 1-4963-0146-3
Cataloging-in-Publication data available on request from the Publisher.
This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, expr
warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.
This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare profe
patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior m
history, laboratory data and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provi
and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are
of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.
Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independen
medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and trea
and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medica
are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturer’s package insert)
verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any c
contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently use
range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assum
injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence l
, To students, clinicians, educators, researchers and all levels of knowledge u
