BIO 251 EXAM 1 COMPLETE EXAM REVIEW |
VERIFIED & UPDATED 2025–2026
Define microbiology - correct answer -The study of microorganisms, how they work, interact
with the environment, and interact with us.
Bacteria, the largest and most important group of microorganisms.
List two emerging infections - correct answer -Tuberculosis
Hantavirus- mutation
Ebola
E. coli- in gut
Describe the impact of infectious disease on human deaths before the 1900, currently
worldwide and compared to the deaths from wars and natural disasters. - correct answer -
Before the 1900 50% of all children died of infectious disease before reaching the age of 10.
Currently about 1/3 of deaths worldwide are due to infectious diseases.
Deaths from wars: 150 million have died of AIDS, TB and malaria alone since 1945 compared
with 23 million lost to wars
Natural disasters: 160 times more people have died from AIDS, malaria respiratory and diarrhea
diseases than in all natural disasters combined.
List the 6 groups of microorganisms - correct answer --Fungi
, -Protozoa
-Algae
-Prokaryotes
-Helminths
-Virus
Fungi composed of - correct answer -Molds- multicellular, reproduced by sexual and asexual
spores
Yeasts- unicellular, reproduced asexually by budding, some produce sexual spores
List at least one disease caused by each type of microorganism
-Protozoa, helmiths, fungi, algae, prokaryotes, viruses - correct answer -*Fungi* - yeast
infection (Candidiasis), cryptococcosis, pneumocystis pneumonia
*Protozoa* - plasmodium (some can cause malaria-non-motile)
*Algae* - cholera (shellfish poisoning)
*Prokaryotes* - Tuberculosis
*Helminths* (worms) - tape worms
*Virus* - AIDS, influenze, West Nile, SARS
List different characteristics of each group of microorganisms - correct answer -Fungi-
Eukaryotic (have membane-bound nucleus). Obtain their food from other organisms.
Protozoa- single celled eukaryotes, most reproduce asexually some produce sexually, classified
by mechanism of motility.
Algae- Unicellular or multicellular. Photosynthetic. Simple reproductive structures. Non-
pathogenic except for their role in red tides and shellfish poisoning (ppl eating fish that eat
algae). Make worlds most oxygen as part of photosynthesis.
VERIFIED & UPDATED 2025–2026
Define microbiology - correct answer -The study of microorganisms, how they work, interact
with the environment, and interact with us.
Bacteria, the largest and most important group of microorganisms.
List two emerging infections - correct answer -Tuberculosis
Hantavirus- mutation
Ebola
E. coli- in gut
Describe the impact of infectious disease on human deaths before the 1900, currently
worldwide and compared to the deaths from wars and natural disasters. - correct answer -
Before the 1900 50% of all children died of infectious disease before reaching the age of 10.
Currently about 1/3 of deaths worldwide are due to infectious diseases.
Deaths from wars: 150 million have died of AIDS, TB and malaria alone since 1945 compared
with 23 million lost to wars
Natural disasters: 160 times more people have died from AIDS, malaria respiratory and diarrhea
diseases than in all natural disasters combined.
List the 6 groups of microorganisms - correct answer --Fungi
, -Protozoa
-Algae
-Prokaryotes
-Helminths
-Virus
Fungi composed of - correct answer -Molds- multicellular, reproduced by sexual and asexual
spores
Yeasts- unicellular, reproduced asexually by budding, some produce sexual spores
List at least one disease caused by each type of microorganism
-Protozoa, helmiths, fungi, algae, prokaryotes, viruses - correct answer -*Fungi* - yeast
infection (Candidiasis), cryptococcosis, pneumocystis pneumonia
*Protozoa* - plasmodium (some can cause malaria-non-motile)
*Algae* - cholera (shellfish poisoning)
*Prokaryotes* - Tuberculosis
*Helminths* (worms) - tape worms
*Virus* - AIDS, influenze, West Nile, SARS
List different characteristics of each group of microorganisms - correct answer -Fungi-
Eukaryotic (have membane-bound nucleus). Obtain their food from other organisms.
Protozoa- single celled eukaryotes, most reproduce asexually some produce sexually, classified
by mechanism of motility.
Algae- Unicellular or multicellular. Photosynthetic. Simple reproductive structures. Non-
pathogenic except for their role in red tides and shellfish poisoning (ppl eating fish that eat
algae). Make worlds most oxygen as part of photosynthesis.
