NUR 155 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Competent - Answer-Usually achieved after 2-3 years in the same setting. More
organized and efficient. Can plan ahead and set priorities. Beginning to see their actions
in terms of long-term goals. Less flexible than experts because they still rely on
conscious planning.
Proficient - Answer-Sees the big picture. Recognizes patterns quickly and anticipates
needs. More intuitive decision-making but still uses analysis when needed. Handles
complexity better and predicts patient outcomes.
Expert - Answer-Deep understanding of clinical situations. Intuitive, fluid, and flexible in
care. Focuses only on what is truly important. Doesn't rely on rules; relies on clinical
intuition and experience.
Key Idea in Benner's Theory - Answer-Nursing expertise develops over time and
experience.
Example of Novice - Answer-Nursing student learning how to do a sterile dressing
change for the first time.
Example of Advanced Beginner - Answer-New graduate nurse who can perform skills
but struggles with time management.
Example of Competent - Answer-A nurse who can manage a full patient load and plan
their day effectively.
Example of Proficient - Answer-A nurse who can sense when a patient is deteriorating
before obvious signs appear.
Example of Expert - Answer-A nurse who instantly recognizes subtle changes that
require intervention and acts without needing formulas or guidelines.
Caputi Clinical Judgment Framework - Answer-A five-step model that guides nurses
through collecting information, interpreting it, deciding what actions to take, performing
interventions, and evaluating outcomes.
Importance of Clinical Judgment - Answer-Essential for patient safety, accurate
assessment, timely intervention, reduced complications, and high-quality care.
, Purpose of the Caputi Framework - Answer-To improve clinical reasoning and ensure
nurses use a structured, systematic approach to assessment and decision-making.
Getting the Information - Answer-Collecting primary and secondary data to understand
the patient's condition.
Primary Data - Answer-Information directly from the patient; most reliable source of
subjective data.
Secondary Data - Answer-Information from records, family, previous providers, or other
healthcare professionals; must document the source.
Focused Assessment - Answer-A targeted assessment of a specific body system or
problem, used especially in urgent or acute situations.
Competency: Assessing Systematically and Comprehensively - Answer-Using a
structured approach to ensure all important information is gathered without missing
details.
Competency: Ensuring Accurate Information - Answer-Collecting data thoroughly and
verifying it before forming conclusions or making decisions.
SPICES Assessment Tool - Answer-A tool for assessing common problems in older
adults: Sleep, Problems eating, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, Skin
breakdown.
Epworth Sleepiness Scale - Answer-Tool used to measure daytime sleepiness; high
scores indicate fall risk and impaired functioning.
Making Meaning of the Information - Answer-Interpreting cues, identifying patterns, and
understanding what the collected data indicates.
Competency Example — Data Interpretation - Answer-Recognizing what abnormal
findings mean and determining possible causes of symptoms.
Determining Actions to Take - Answer-Choosing the most appropriate nursing
interventions based on priority problems.
Competency: Prioritizing Needs - Answer-Identifying what requires immediate attention
and selecting interventions that address the priority issue first.
Taking Action - Answer-Implementing nursing interventions such as medication
administration, patient education, monitoring, and communication.
Examples of Taking Action - Answer-Administering oxygen, placing a fall-risk band,
notifying the provider, repositioning, collecting samples.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Competent - Answer-Usually achieved after 2-3 years in the same setting. More
organized and efficient. Can plan ahead and set priorities. Beginning to see their actions
in terms of long-term goals. Less flexible than experts because they still rely on
conscious planning.
Proficient - Answer-Sees the big picture. Recognizes patterns quickly and anticipates
needs. More intuitive decision-making but still uses analysis when needed. Handles
complexity better and predicts patient outcomes.
Expert - Answer-Deep understanding of clinical situations. Intuitive, fluid, and flexible in
care. Focuses only on what is truly important. Doesn't rely on rules; relies on clinical
intuition and experience.
Key Idea in Benner's Theory - Answer-Nursing expertise develops over time and
experience.
Example of Novice - Answer-Nursing student learning how to do a sterile dressing
change for the first time.
Example of Advanced Beginner - Answer-New graduate nurse who can perform skills
but struggles with time management.
Example of Competent - Answer-A nurse who can manage a full patient load and plan
their day effectively.
Example of Proficient - Answer-A nurse who can sense when a patient is deteriorating
before obvious signs appear.
Example of Expert - Answer-A nurse who instantly recognizes subtle changes that
require intervention and acts without needing formulas or guidelines.
Caputi Clinical Judgment Framework - Answer-A five-step model that guides nurses
through collecting information, interpreting it, deciding what actions to take, performing
interventions, and evaluating outcomes.
Importance of Clinical Judgment - Answer-Essential for patient safety, accurate
assessment, timely intervention, reduced complications, and high-quality care.
, Purpose of the Caputi Framework - Answer-To improve clinical reasoning and ensure
nurses use a structured, systematic approach to assessment and decision-making.
Getting the Information - Answer-Collecting primary and secondary data to understand
the patient's condition.
Primary Data - Answer-Information directly from the patient; most reliable source of
subjective data.
Secondary Data - Answer-Information from records, family, previous providers, or other
healthcare professionals; must document the source.
Focused Assessment - Answer-A targeted assessment of a specific body system or
problem, used especially in urgent or acute situations.
Competency: Assessing Systematically and Comprehensively - Answer-Using a
structured approach to ensure all important information is gathered without missing
details.
Competency: Ensuring Accurate Information - Answer-Collecting data thoroughly and
verifying it before forming conclusions or making decisions.
SPICES Assessment Tool - Answer-A tool for assessing common problems in older
adults: Sleep, Problems eating, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, Skin
breakdown.
Epworth Sleepiness Scale - Answer-Tool used to measure daytime sleepiness; high
scores indicate fall risk and impaired functioning.
Making Meaning of the Information - Answer-Interpreting cues, identifying patterns, and
understanding what the collected data indicates.
Competency Example — Data Interpretation - Answer-Recognizing what abnormal
findings mean and determining possible causes of symptoms.
Determining Actions to Take - Answer-Choosing the most appropriate nursing
interventions based on priority problems.
Competency: Prioritizing Needs - Answer-Identifying what requires immediate attention
and selecting interventions that address the priority issue first.
Taking Action - Answer-Implementing nursing interventions such as medication
administration, patient education, monitoring, and communication.
Examples of Taking Action - Answer-Administering oxygen, placing a fall-risk band,
notifying the provider, repositioning, collecting samples.
