|CoMPlEtE QUEStIoNS AND ANSWERS |
GRADED A+. 2025/2026
mesocortical pathway - Answer-executive function: attention, focus, depression
nigrostriatal pathway - Answer-from substantia nigra (brainstem) to striatum
(muscles): Parkinson's
mesolimbic pathway - Answer-projects to nucleus accumbens (part of limbic
system). Pleasure, reward, positive symptoms of schizophrenia: Addiction,
gambling
Tuberoinfundibular pathway - Answer-regulation of prolactin (acts on pituitary).
Hypersexuality in mania
Dopamine - Answer-produced in substania nigra and VTA. D2 & D4 receptors most
important. Elevated in the mesolimbic pathway associated with pleasure and
psychosis. Antispychotics block dopamine. travels through mesocoritcal,
mesolimbic, nigrostriatal, and tuberinfundibular pathways
Serotonin - Answer-5-HT. produced in raphe nucleus. emotion, impulses, dreams.
5HT2A receptors = atypical antipsychotics.
, Norepinephrine - Answer-produced in locus coeruleus. arousal and vigilance
GABA - Answer-inhibitory. produces calm in conjunction with benzodiazepines.
ACTH - Answer-motor control, learning, memory, sleep, and dreams. Helps with
balance. Decrease in Alzheimer's disease
HIPAA - Answer-1. education about privacy protection, 2. access to own medical
records, 3. request amendment to health information to which they object, 4.
require permission for disclosure of medical issues
forensic nursing - Answer-based on crime committed and investigational aspects
correctional nursing - Answer-offender's current mental health and medical
condition
research utilization process - Answer-critique, synthesize, apply, measure
PICO question - Answer-patient, intervention, comparison, outcome
internal validity - Answer-when the independent variable (treatment) caused a
change in the dependent variable (outcome)
external validity - Answer-when the sample is representative of the population
and the results can be generalized