RNSG 1105 EVALUATION EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Factors that increase respirations - ✔✔exercise, anemia, sickle cell disease,
asthma, pneumonia, COPD, medications (amphetamines, cocaine), smoking,
electrolyte imbalance, acute pain, anxiety
✔✔Factors that decrease respirations - ✔✔head injury, hypothyroidism, medications
(opioids, benzodiazepines, sedatives, muscle relaxants, general anesthetics),
electrolyte imbalance
✔✔Characteristics of Respirations - ✔✔rate, depth, and rhythm
✔✔Cardiac Output x Resistance = - ✔✔Blood Pressure
✔✔Stage 1 hypertension - ✔✔130-139/80-89
✔✔Stage 2 hypertension - ✔✔>140/>90
✔✔Factors that cause hypertension - ✔✔advancing age
ethnicity
gender
smoking
stress
obesity
✔✔Factors that cause hypotension (<90 systolic) - ✔✔medications (antihypertensive,
diuretic)
endocrine
septicemia
othostatic
hypovolemia
cardiac (bradycardia, heart attack, heart failure)
athlete
pregnancy
anaphylaxis
✔✔Safety Guidelines for assessment of BP - ✔✔do not take when limb alert is in place
do not take if pt has had mastectomy on same side
do not take on limb with AV graft for dialysis
remove cuff when not in use to avoid skin breakdown
analyze trends and report abnormal findings
✔✔Why turn a post-op patient every 2 hours? - ✔✔to assist with ventilation and
redistribution of pulmonary blood flow
, ✔✔What is the rationale for having a post-op patient do coughing exercises? -
✔✔permits patient to remove secretions from both upper and lower airways
✔✔Proper technique for coughing - ✔✔splint abdomen for patients with abdominal
incision
Take 2 deep breaths (IN-2-3-4, OUT-2-3-4)
On 3rd deep breath, COUGH on expiration
✔✔How does performing breathing exercises support post-op patient's respiratory
function? - ✔✔1. loosens respiratory secretions
2. improves pulmonary ventilation
3. counteracts the effects of anesthesia and/or hypoventilation
4. expands collapsed alveoli (atelectasis)
✔✔Which type of breathing do you teach to patients who are hypoventilating? -
✔✔deep diaphragmatic breathing
✔✔What type of breathing do you teach to patients with COPD or asthma (chronic
breathing problems)? - ✔✔pursed-lip breathing
✔✔What is the purpose of using an incentive spirometer? - ✔✔1. increases inspiratory
volume
2. inflate alveoli/lungs
3. allows patients to monitor their progress
4. provides visual reinforcement for the breathing efforts
✔✔What are key points to state when instructing pt how to use an incentive spirometer?
- ✔✔1. inhalation - inhale slowly like you are sucking on a straw
2. hold breath for several seconds before exhaling through nose, if possible
✔✔Patient becomes short of breath when he lies down. What is the first nursing
intervention? - ✔✔Raise the head of the bed to a semi-fowler's
✔✔Benefits gained from positioning - ✔✔Activation of cough reflex
Reduce pain
Increase ventilatory compensation
Drainage of areas of the lungs
Maintaining a patent airway
✔✔Why might a post-op, hypoventilating patient be a candidate for oxygen therapy? -
✔✔with hypoventilation, he could have inadequate transport of oxygen and develop
hypoxemia
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Factors that increase respirations - ✔✔exercise, anemia, sickle cell disease,
asthma, pneumonia, COPD, medications (amphetamines, cocaine), smoking,
electrolyte imbalance, acute pain, anxiety
✔✔Factors that decrease respirations - ✔✔head injury, hypothyroidism, medications
(opioids, benzodiazepines, sedatives, muscle relaxants, general anesthetics),
electrolyte imbalance
✔✔Characteristics of Respirations - ✔✔rate, depth, and rhythm
✔✔Cardiac Output x Resistance = - ✔✔Blood Pressure
✔✔Stage 1 hypertension - ✔✔130-139/80-89
✔✔Stage 2 hypertension - ✔✔>140/>90
✔✔Factors that cause hypertension - ✔✔advancing age
ethnicity
gender
smoking
stress
obesity
✔✔Factors that cause hypotension (<90 systolic) - ✔✔medications (antihypertensive,
diuretic)
endocrine
septicemia
othostatic
hypovolemia
cardiac (bradycardia, heart attack, heart failure)
athlete
pregnancy
anaphylaxis
✔✔Safety Guidelines for assessment of BP - ✔✔do not take when limb alert is in place
do not take if pt has had mastectomy on same side
do not take on limb with AV graft for dialysis
remove cuff when not in use to avoid skin breakdown
analyze trends and report abnormal findings
✔✔Why turn a post-op patient every 2 hours? - ✔✔to assist with ventilation and
redistribution of pulmonary blood flow
, ✔✔What is the rationale for having a post-op patient do coughing exercises? -
✔✔permits patient to remove secretions from both upper and lower airways
✔✔Proper technique for coughing - ✔✔splint abdomen for patients with abdominal
incision
Take 2 deep breaths (IN-2-3-4, OUT-2-3-4)
On 3rd deep breath, COUGH on expiration
✔✔How does performing breathing exercises support post-op patient's respiratory
function? - ✔✔1. loosens respiratory secretions
2. improves pulmonary ventilation
3. counteracts the effects of anesthesia and/or hypoventilation
4. expands collapsed alveoli (atelectasis)
✔✔Which type of breathing do you teach to patients who are hypoventilating? -
✔✔deep diaphragmatic breathing
✔✔What type of breathing do you teach to patients with COPD or asthma (chronic
breathing problems)? - ✔✔pursed-lip breathing
✔✔What is the purpose of using an incentive spirometer? - ✔✔1. increases inspiratory
volume
2. inflate alveoli/lungs
3. allows patients to monitor their progress
4. provides visual reinforcement for the breathing efforts
✔✔What are key points to state when instructing pt how to use an incentive spirometer?
- ✔✔1. inhalation - inhale slowly like you are sucking on a straw
2. hold breath for several seconds before exhaling through nose, if possible
✔✔Patient becomes short of breath when he lies down. What is the first nursing
intervention? - ✔✔Raise the head of the bed to a semi-fowler's
✔✔Benefits gained from positioning - ✔✔Activation of cough reflex
Reduce pain
Increase ventilatory compensation
Drainage of areas of the lungs
Maintaining a patent airway
✔✔Why might a post-op, hypoventilating patient be a candidate for oxygen therapy? -
✔✔with hypoventilation, he could have inadequate transport of oxygen and develop
hypoxemia
