NSG 3250 UPDATED 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔nephropathy - ✔✔a long-term complication of diabetes in which the kidney cells are
damaged; characterized by microalbuminuria in early stages and progressing to end-
stage kidney disease
✔✔neuropathy - ✔✔a long-term complication of diabetes resulting from damage to the
nerve cell
✔✔Dawn phenomenon - ✔✔A nocturnal release of growth hormone, which may cause
blood glucose level elevations before breakfast in the client with diabetes mellitus.
Treatment includes administering an evening dose of intermediate acting insulin at 10
pm.
✔✔Somogyi effect - ✔✔early-morning hyperglycemia that occurs as a result of
nighttime hypoglycemic episodes
✔✔ Requirements for informed consent - ✔✔- cognitively aware
- 18 years of age or older (parent or legal guardian if under 18)
✔✔3 types of stages of peri operative - ✔✔- pre operative
- intraoperative
- post operative
✔✔5 classifications of surgery - ✔✔- emergent
- urgent
- required
- elective
- optional
✔✔Emergent surgery - ✔✔-Needs to happen immediately/ without delay
- ex: gunshot wound
✔✔Urgent surgery - ✔✔-needs to happen within 24-48hrs
-ex: closed fracture
✔✔Required surgery - ✔✔-plan within a few weeks or months
-ex: cataracts, thyroid disorder
✔✔Elective surgery - ✔✔- failure to have surgery is not catastrophic
- ex: repair of scars
✔✔Optional surgery - ✔✔- personal preference
, - ex: cosmetic surgery
✔✔Nursing activities in preoperative phase - ✔✔-pre admission testing
- preoperative consent
- education
- review medical record
- psychological support
- establishes IV line
✔✔Nursing activities in intraoperative phase - ✔✔- maintain aseptic
- intraoperative documentation
- reports changes in vital signs
- communicates about fluid instillation and blood loss
- emotional support if patient is awake during procedure
- updates family
✔✔Nursing activities in postoperative phase - ✔✔- transfer of patient to PACU
- vital signs monitoring
- discharge planning with patient
- describe physical limitations
✔✔Risk factors for surgical complications - ✔✔- cardiovascular disease
- electrolyte imbalance
- extremes of age
- extremes of weight
- immunologic abnormalities
- pregnancy
- medications
- nicotine use
✔✔When do you tell the doctor that the patient has an allergy? - ✔✔When the doctor
orders something that the patient is allergic to, or latex allergies
✔✔Malignant hyperthermia - ✔✔A hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production
that occurs when susceptible people receive certain anesthetic drugs.
✔✔What to remove for surgery? - ✔✔- pierced jewelry
- artificial nails
- hearing aids
- contact lenses
- wedding bands
✔✔Important nutrients for wound healing - ✔✔- protein
- amino acids
- carbohydrates and fats
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔nephropathy - ✔✔a long-term complication of diabetes in which the kidney cells are
damaged; characterized by microalbuminuria in early stages and progressing to end-
stage kidney disease
✔✔neuropathy - ✔✔a long-term complication of diabetes resulting from damage to the
nerve cell
✔✔Dawn phenomenon - ✔✔A nocturnal release of growth hormone, which may cause
blood glucose level elevations before breakfast in the client with diabetes mellitus.
Treatment includes administering an evening dose of intermediate acting insulin at 10
pm.
✔✔Somogyi effect - ✔✔early-morning hyperglycemia that occurs as a result of
nighttime hypoglycemic episodes
✔✔ Requirements for informed consent - ✔✔- cognitively aware
- 18 years of age or older (parent or legal guardian if under 18)
✔✔3 types of stages of peri operative - ✔✔- pre operative
- intraoperative
- post operative
✔✔5 classifications of surgery - ✔✔- emergent
- urgent
- required
- elective
- optional
✔✔Emergent surgery - ✔✔-Needs to happen immediately/ without delay
- ex: gunshot wound
✔✔Urgent surgery - ✔✔-needs to happen within 24-48hrs
-ex: closed fracture
✔✔Required surgery - ✔✔-plan within a few weeks or months
-ex: cataracts, thyroid disorder
✔✔Elective surgery - ✔✔- failure to have surgery is not catastrophic
- ex: repair of scars
✔✔Optional surgery - ✔✔- personal preference
, - ex: cosmetic surgery
✔✔Nursing activities in preoperative phase - ✔✔-pre admission testing
- preoperative consent
- education
- review medical record
- psychological support
- establishes IV line
✔✔Nursing activities in intraoperative phase - ✔✔- maintain aseptic
- intraoperative documentation
- reports changes in vital signs
- communicates about fluid instillation and blood loss
- emotional support if patient is awake during procedure
- updates family
✔✔Nursing activities in postoperative phase - ✔✔- transfer of patient to PACU
- vital signs monitoring
- discharge planning with patient
- describe physical limitations
✔✔Risk factors for surgical complications - ✔✔- cardiovascular disease
- electrolyte imbalance
- extremes of age
- extremes of weight
- immunologic abnormalities
- pregnancy
- medications
- nicotine use
✔✔When do you tell the doctor that the patient has an allergy? - ✔✔When the doctor
orders something that the patient is allergic to, or latex allergies
✔✔Malignant hyperthermia - ✔✔A hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production
that occurs when susceptible people receive certain anesthetic drugs.
✔✔What to remove for surgery? - ✔✔- pierced jewelry
- artificial nails
- hearing aids
- contact lenses
- wedding bands
✔✔Important nutrients for wound healing - ✔✔- protein
- amino acids
- carbohydrates and fats
