HESI Pathophysiology – Nursing Program |
Complete Practice Questions with Detailed Answers
| Comprehensive Exam Review Material
Introduction:
This document contains a comprehensive collection of HESI
Pathophysiology practice exam questions with clear, detailed
answers covering major body systems and disease processes.
Topics include cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, neurological,
respiratory, hematologic, and immune pathophysiology, with
rationales aligned to nursing clinical reasoning and exam
preparation. The material is well suited for HESI review,
NCLEX-style practice, and reinforcement of key
pathophysiology concepts.
Exam Questions and Detailed Answers:
A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension pneumothorax.
Which assessment should the nurse expect to ID? ---Correct
Answer---A deviation of the trachea toward the side opposite
of the pneumothorax
,Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation of air
in the pleural space, causing severely high intrapleural
pressure. This results in collapse of the lung, and the
mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side, which is
subsequently compressed
A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's chills,
fever, and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is started. The
nurse shold recognize these sx as characteristic of what rxn? --
-Correct Answer---A febrile transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA,
flushing, and muscle pain.
An allergic rxn is the response of histamine release which is
characterized by flushing, itching, and urticaria. It exhibits an
exaggerated allergic response that progresses to shock and
possible cardiac arrest
an acute hemolytic reaction presents w/ fever, chills, but is
hallmarked by the onset of low back pain, tachycardia,
tachypnea, vascular collapse, hemoglobinuria, dark urine, ARF,
shock, cardiac arrest, and even death
, The nurse is analyzing the waveforms of a client's ECG. What
finding indicates a disturbance in electrical conduction in the
ventricles? ---Correct Answer---QRS interval of 0.14 second
the normal duration of the QRS is 0.04 - 0.12 sec
T wave is 0.16 sec;
PR is 0.12 - 0.20 sec;
QT is 0.31-0.38 sec
Several hrs after surgical repair of an AAA, the client dvps left
flank pain. the nurse determines the client's urinary output is
20 m.;hr for the past 2 hrs. The nurse should conclude that
these findings support which complication? ---Correct Answer-
--Renal artery embolization
Post-op complications of surgical repair of AAA are r/t the
location of resection, graft, or stent placement along the abd'l
aorta. Embolization of a fragment of thrombus or plaque from
the aorta into a renal artery can compromise blood flow in 1 of
the renal arteries, resulting in renal ischemia that precipitates
unilateral flank pain
Complete Practice Questions with Detailed Answers
| Comprehensive Exam Review Material
Introduction:
This document contains a comprehensive collection of HESI
Pathophysiology practice exam questions with clear, detailed
answers covering major body systems and disease processes.
Topics include cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, neurological,
respiratory, hematologic, and immune pathophysiology, with
rationales aligned to nursing clinical reasoning and exam
preparation. The material is well suited for HESI review,
NCLEX-style practice, and reinforcement of key
pathophysiology concepts.
Exam Questions and Detailed Answers:
A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension pneumothorax.
Which assessment should the nurse expect to ID? ---Correct
Answer---A deviation of the trachea toward the side opposite
of the pneumothorax
,Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation of air
in the pleural space, causing severely high intrapleural
pressure. This results in collapse of the lung, and the
mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side, which is
subsequently compressed
A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's chills,
fever, and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is started. The
nurse shold recognize these sx as characteristic of what rxn? --
-Correct Answer---A febrile transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA,
flushing, and muscle pain.
An allergic rxn is the response of histamine release which is
characterized by flushing, itching, and urticaria. It exhibits an
exaggerated allergic response that progresses to shock and
possible cardiac arrest
an acute hemolytic reaction presents w/ fever, chills, but is
hallmarked by the onset of low back pain, tachycardia,
tachypnea, vascular collapse, hemoglobinuria, dark urine, ARF,
shock, cardiac arrest, and even death
, The nurse is analyzing the waveforms of a client's ECG. What
finding indicates a disturbance in electrical conduction in the
ventricles? ---Correct Answer---QRS interval of 0.14 second
the normal duration of the QRS is 0.04 - 0.12 sec
T wave is 0.16 sec;
PR is 0.12 - 0.20 sec;
QT is 0.31-0.38 sec
Several hrs after surgical repair of an AAA, the client dvps left
flank pain. the nurse determines the client's urinary output is
20 m.;hr for the past 2 hrs. The nurse should conclude that
these findings support which complication? ---Correct Answer-
--Renal artery embolization
Post-op complications of surgical repair of AAA are r/t the
location of resection, graft, or stent placement along the abd'l
aorta. Embolization of a fragment of thrombus or plaque from
the aorta into a renal artery can compromise blood flow in 1 of
the renal arteries, resulting in renal ischemia that precipitates
unilateral flank pain
