CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Preventive
Counseling: Obesity & Lifestyle
Stem
A 36-year-old woman (BMI 32 kg/m²) requests practical weight-
loss counseling. She has sedentary work, no cardiopulmonary
symptoms, and wants an initial plan she can sustain. Which
,first-line approach best balances safety, evidence for moderate
weight loss, and long-term adherence?
Options
A. Recommend a very-low-calorie (<800 kcal/day) commercial
diet immediately without scheduled follow-up.
B. Prescribe gradual caloric reduction (500–750 kcal/day
deficit), increased physical activity, behavioral counseling, and
scheduled follow-up.
C. Start pharmacotherapy (GLP-1 agonist) immediately without
lifestyle counseling.
D. Advise only exercise without dietary change and reassess in
12 months.
Correct answer
B
Rationales
✅ B (Correct): Gradual caloric reduction combined with
increased physical activity and structured behavioral follow-up
is the evidence-based initial approach for obesity management.
It balances safety, produces clinically meaningful (5–10%)
weight loss when adhered to, and allows stepwise escalation
(intensified behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy) if goals not
met. This aligns with CMDT recommendations emphasizing
lifestyle modification with planned follow-up.
❌ A: Very-low-calorie diets may produce rapid weight loss but
require close medical supervision and are not first-line for most
patients without specialist oversight. CMDT discourages
,immediate use without structure or follow-up.
❌ C: Pharmacotherapy can be effective but should be added
to, not replace, intensive lifestyle intervention; initiating
medication without lifestyle counseling is not first-line.
❌ D: Exercise alone typically yields modest weight loss;
combined diet and activity plus behavioral support is superior
and should not be deferred 12 months.
Teaching point
Start with supervised lifestyle changes and scheduled follow-up;
escalate therapy if insufficient weight loss.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Smoking
Cessation
Stem
A 58-year-old man with COPD (30 pack-year history) wants to
quit smoking. He has failed a prior attempt using nicotine gum
and brief counseling. He prefers a pharmacologic option and
asks which choice maximizes his chance of sustained
abstinence.
, Options
A. Recommend e-cigarettes as first-line replacement therapy.
B. Start varenicline with behavioral counseling.
C. Prescribe nicotine patches alone without counseling.
D. Recommend bupropion only if varenicline is ineffective.
Correct answer
B
Rationales
✅ B (Correct): Varenicline plus behavioral counseling has
superior quit rates over single nicotine replacement therapy
and is recommended as a first-line pharmacotherapy for
tobacco dependence, especially in patients with COPD and prior
quit attempts. CMDT highlights combined pharmacologic and
counseling strategies for best outcomes.
❌ A: E-cigarettes are not recommended as first-line smoking
cessation therapy due to variable product safety and limited
guideline endorsement in CMDT.
❌ C: Nicotine patches alone are less effective than
combination pharmacotherapy (varenicline or combined NRT)
and should be paired with counseling.
❌ D: Bupropion is an effective alternative, but varenicline is
usually preferred first-line; reserving bupropion only after
varenicline is not required.
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Preventive
Counseling: Obesity & Lifestyle
Stem
A 36-year-old woman (BMI 32 kg/m²) requests practical weight-
loss counseling. She has sedentary work, no cardiopulmonary
symptoms, and wants an initial plan she can sustain. Which
,first-line approach best balances safety, evidence for moderate
weight loss, and long-term adherence?
Options
A. Recommend a very-low-calorie (<800 kcal/day) commercial
diet immediately without scheduled follow-up.
B. Prescribe gradual caloric reduction (500–750 kcal/day
deficit), increased physical activity, behavioral counseling, and
scheduled follow-up.
C. Start pharmacotherapy (GLP-1 agonist) immediately without
lifestyle counseling.
D. Advise only exercise without dietary change and reassess in
12 months.
Correct answer
B
Rationales
✅ B (Correct): Gradual caloric reduction combined with
increased physical activity and structured behavioral follow-up
is the evidence-based initial approach for obesity management.
It balances safety, produces clinically meaningful (5–10%)
weight loss when adhered to, and allows stepwise escalation
(intensified behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy) if goals not
met. This aligns with CMDT recommendations emphasizing
lifestyle modification with planned follow-up.
❌ A: Very-low-calorie diets may produce rapid weight loss but
require close medical supervision and are not first-line for most
patients without specialist oversight. CMDT discourages
,immediate use without structure or follow-up.
❌ C: Pharmacotherapy can be effective but should be added
to, not replace, intensive lifestyle intervention; initiating
medication without lifestyle counseling is not first-line.
❌ D: Exercise alone typically yields modest weight loss;
combined diet and activity plus behavioral support is superior
and should not be deferred 12 months.
Teaching point
Start with supervised lifestyle changes and scheduled follow-up;
escalate therapy if insufficient weight loss.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Smoking
Cessation
Stem
A 58-year-old man with COPD (30 pack-year history) wants to
quit smoking. He has failed a prior attempt using nicotine gum
and brief counseling. He prefers a pharmacologic option and
asks which choice maximizes his chance of sustained
abstinence.
, Options
A. Recommend e-cigarettes as first-line replacement therapy.
B. Start varenicline with behavioral counseling.
C. Prescribe nicotine patches alone without counseling.
D. Recommend bupropion only if varenicline is ineffective.
Correct answer
B
Rationales
✅ B (Correct): Varenicline plus behavioral counseling has
superior quit rates over single nicotine replacement therapy
and is recommended as a first-line pharmacotherapy for
tobacco dependence, especially in patients with COPD and prior
quit attempts. CMDT highlights combined pharmacologic and
counseling strategies for best outcomes.
❌ A: E-cigarettes are not recommended as first-line smoking
cessation therapy due to variable product safety and limited
guideline endorsement in CMDT.
❌ C: Nicotine patches alone are less effective than
combination pharmacotherapy (varenicline or combined NRT)
and should be paired with counseling.
❌ D: Bupropion is an effective alternative, but varenicline is
usually preferred first-line; reserving bupropion only after
varenicline is not required.
