CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Lung Cancer
Screening
Stem: A 58-year-old man with a 35 pack-year smoking history,
who quit 10 years ago, asks whether he should have lung cancer
screening. He has no respiratory symptoms and no prior chest
CTs. Vital signs and exam are normal. Which is the best next
step?
,A. Recommend annual low-dose CT (LDCT) screening.
B. Recommend chest X-ray every 12 months.
C. Reassure—no screening needed because he quit >5 years
ago.
D. Order sputum cytology annually.
Correct answer: A
Rationale — Correct (A): CMDT endorses LDCT for eligible
individuals (age and pack-year criteria per guideline-based
screening). Annual LDCT provides mortality benefit in high-risk
patients and is preferred over chest radiography or sputum
cytology. Screening candidacy accounts for current age and
smoking history including those who quit ≤15 years ago.
AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect:
B. Chest X-ray lacks sensitivity and is not recommended for
screening.
C. Quitting reduces risk but does not remove eligibility if other
criteria met; quitting 10 years ago still fits screening windows
depending on age/pack-year.
D. Sputum cytology is inferior to LDCT and is not recommended
as sole screening.
Teaching point: Use annual LDCT for guideline-eligible high-risk
adults; chest X-ray and sputum cytology are not recommended.
,Citation (Simplified APA): Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., &
Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
(65th ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Colorectal
Cancer Screening
Stem: A 72-year-old woman had a normal screening
colonoscopy at age 62 and no family history of colorectal
cancer. She asks if she should continue routine colorectal
screening. What is the best recommendation?
A. Continue colonoscopy every 10 years.
B. Stop routine colorectal cancer screening and individualize
decision.
C. Switch to annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT).
D. Repeat colonoscopy now and every 5 years.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): CMDT (reflecting guideline consensus)
recommends routine CRC screening through age 75 and
individualized decisions for ages 76–85; given prior normal
colonoscopy at 62 and age 72, routine screening may be
discontinued or individualized considering comorbidities and
life expectancy. Shared decision-making is appropriate.
AccessMedicine
, Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Routine colonoscopy every 10 years is not indicated past the
standard screening age without new risk factors.
C. Switching to annual FIT is unnecessary when the benefit of
screening is limited by age and prior normal colonoscopy.
D. Repeating colonoscopy now lacks benefit and increases
procedural risk without clear indication.
Teaching point: Reassess CRC screening after age 75;
individualize based on health status and prior findings.
Citation (Simplified APA): Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., &
Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
(65th ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Breast
Cancer Screening
Stem: A 46-year-old woman with no family history of breast
cancer asks about screening. She has never had mammography.
Her BMI is 29 and she is otherwise healthy. What is the most
appropriate recommendation?
A. Begin annual mammography now.
B. Defer screening until age 50 then start biennial
mammography.
C. Start shared decision-making about starting screening now.
D. No screening is indicated until age 55.
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Lung Cancer
Screening
Stem: A 58-year-old man with a 35 pack-year smoking history,
who quit 10 years ago, asks whether he should have lung cancer
screening. He has no respiratory symptoms and no prior chest
CTs. Vital signs and exam are normal. Which is the best next
step?
,A. Recommend annual low-dose CT (LDCT) screening.
B. Recommend chest X-ray every 12 months.
C. Reassure—no screening needed because he quit >5 years
ago.
D. Order sputum cytology annually.
Correct answer: A
Rationale — Correct (A): CMDT endorses LDCT for eligible
individuals (age and pack-year criteria per guideline-based
screening). Annual LDCT provides mortality benefit in high-risk
patients and is preferred over chest radiography or sputum
cytology. Screening candidacy accounts for current age and
smoking history including those who quit ≤15 years ago.
AccessMedicine
Rationale — Incorrect:
B. Chest X-ray lacks sensitivity and is not recommended for
screening.
C. Quitting reduces risk but does not remove eligibility if other
criteria met; quitting 10 years ago still fits screening windows
depending on age/pack-year.
D. Sputum cytology is inferior to LDCT and is not recommended
as sole screening.
Teaching point: Use annual LDCT for guideline-eligible high-risk
adults; chest X-ray and sputum cytology are not recommended.
,Citation (Simplified APA): Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., &
Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
(65th ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Colorectal
Cancer Screening
Stem: A 72-year-old woman had a normal screening
colonoscopy at age 62 and no family history of colorectal
cancer. She asks if she should continue routine colorectal
screening. What is the best recommendation?
A. Continue colonoscopy every 10 years.
B. Stop routine colorectal cancer screening and individualize
decision.
C. Switch to annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT).
D. Repeat colonoscopy now and every 5 years.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B): CMDT (reflecting guideline consensus)
recommends routine CRC screening through age 75 and
individualized decisions for ages 76–85; given prior normal
colonoscopy at 62 and age 72, routine screening may be
discontinued or individualized considering comorbidities and
life expectancy. Shared decision-making is appropriate.
AccessMedicine
, Rationale — Incorrect:
A. Routine colonoscopy every 10 years is not indicated past the
standard screening age without new risk factors.
C. Switching to annual FIT is unnecessary when the benefit of
screening is limited by age and prior normal colonoscopy.
D. Repeating colonoscopy now lacks benefit and increases
procedural risk without clear indication.
Teaching point: Reassess CRC screening after age 75;
individualize based on health status and prior findings.
Citation (Simplified APA): Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., &
Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
(65th ed.). Ch. 1. AccessMedicine
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Breast
Cancer Screening
Stem: A 46-year-old woman with no family history of breast
cancer asks about screening. She has never had mammography.
Her BMI is 29 and she is otherwise healthy. What is the most
appropriate recommendation?
A. Begin annual mammography now.
B. Defer screening until age 50 then start biennial
mammography.
C. Start shared decision-making about starting screening now.
D. No screening is indicated until age 55.
