MKTG 367 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔renquing - ✔✔the idea that favors given to another are reciprocal and must be
returned
✔✔tradition - ✔✔the customs and accepted ways of everyday behavior in a given
culture
✔✔uncertainty avoidance - ✔✔the extent to which a culture is uncomfortable with things
that are ambiguous or unknown
✔✔acculturation - ✔✔the process by which consumers come to learn a culture other
than their natural, native culture
✔✔body language - ✔✔the nonverbal communication cues signaled by somatic
responses
✔✔Chindia - ✔✔the combined market and business potential of China and India
✔✔consumer ethnocentrism - ✔✔the belief among consumers that their ethnic group is
superior to others and that the products that come from their native land are superior to
other products
✔✔dialects - ✔✔the variations in the manner of speaking within a common language
✔✔enculturation - ✔✔the way people learn their native culture
✔✔ethnic identification - ✔✔the degree to which consumers feel a sense of belonging
to the culture of their ethnic origins
✔✔etiquette - ✔✔the customary mannerisms consumers use in common social
situations
✔✔Globish - ✔✔the simplified form of English that reduces the vocabulary to around
1,500 words and eliminates grammatical complications
✔✔glocalization - ✔✔the idea that the marketing strategy may be global but the
implementation of that strategy should be local
✔✔metric equivalence - ✔✔the statistical tests used to validate the way people use
numbers to represent quantities across cultures
,✔✔modeling - ✔✔the process of imitating others' behavior; a form of observational
learning
✔✔nonverbal communication - ✔✔the information passed through some nonverbal act
✔✔quartet of institutions - ✔✔the four groups responsible for communicating the CSVs
through both formal and informal processes: family, school, church, and media
✔✔shaping - ✔✔a socialization process by which consumers' behaviors slowly adapt to
a culture through a series of rewards and sanctions
✔✔translational equivalence - ✔✔the two phrases share the same precise meaning in
two different cultures
✔✔verbal communication - ✔✔the transfer of information through either the literal
spoken or written word
✔✔age-based microculture - ✔✔the concept that people of the same age end up
sharing many of the same values and developing similar consumer preferences
✔✔bicultural - ✔✔a term used to describe immigrants as they face decisions and form
preferences based on their old or new cultures
✔✔cognitive structuring - ✔✔the reliance on schema-based heuristics in making
decisions
✔✔cohort - ✔✔a group of people who have lived the same major experiences in their
lives
✔✔demographic analysis - ✔✔a profile of a consumer group based on their
demographics
✔✔divergence - ✔✔a situation in which consumers choose membership in
microcultures in an effort to stand out or define themselves from the crowd
✔✔habitus - ✔✔mental and cognitive structures through which individuals perceive the
world based largely on their standing in a social class
✔✔homogamy - ✔✔the finding that most marriages comprise people from similar social
classes
✔✔income level - ✔✔a demographic based on the amount of monetary resources a
person receives periodically (usually measured per year)
, ✔✔microculture - ✔✔a group of people who share similar values and tastes that are
subsumed within a larger culture
✔✔role conflict - ✔✔a situation involving conflicting expectations based on cultural role
expectations
✔✔sex roles - ✔✔the societal expectations for men (i.e., biologically male) and women
(i.e., biologically female) among members of a cultural group
✔✔social class - ✔✔a culturally defined group to which a consumer belongs based on
resources like prestige, income, occupation, and education
✔✔social stratification - ✔✔the division of society into classes that have unequal access
to scarce and valuable resources
✔✔status symbols - ✔✔the products or objects that are used to signal one's place in
society
✔✔stigmatization - ✔✔a situation in which consumers are marked in some way that is
typically not flattering and indicates their place in society
✔✔world teen culture - ✔✔the speculation that teenagers around the world are more
similar to each other than to people from other generations in the same culture
✔✔acquisitional shopping - ✔✔the activities oriented toward a specific, intended
purchase or purchases
✔✔advertiming - ✔✔the ad buys that include a schedule that runs the advertisement
primarily at times when customers will be most receptive to the message
✔✔affective quality - ✔✔the retail positioning that emphasizes a unique environment,
exciting décor, friendly employees, and, in general, the feelings experienced in a retail
place
✔✔circadian rhythm - ✔✔cycle (level of energy) of the human body that varies within a
24-hour period
✔✔customer journey - ✔✔the series of consumer touchpoints with a brand/firm that
comprise a single consumption episode
✔✔discretionary (spare) time - ✔✔the days, hours, or minutes that are not obligated
toward some compulsory and time-consuming activity
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔renquing - ✔✔the idea that favors given to another are reciprocal and must be
returned
✔✔tradition - ✔✔the customs and accepted ways of everyday behavior in a given
culture
✔✔uncertainty avoidance - ✔✔the extent to which a culture is uncomfortable with things
that are ambiguous or unknown
✔✔acculturation - ✔✔the process by which consumers come to learn a culture other
than their natural, native culture
✔✔body language - ✔✔the nonverbal communication cues signaled by somatic
responses
✔✔Chindia - ✔✔the combined market and business potential of China and India
✔✔consumer ethnocentrism - ✔✔the belief among consumers that their ethnic group is
superior to others and that the products that come from their native land are superior to
other products
✔✔dialects - ✔✔the variations in the manner of speaking within a common language
✔✔enculturation - ✔✔the way people learn their native culture
✔✔ethnic identification - ✔✔the degree to which consumers feel a sense of belonging
to the culture of their ethnic origins
✔✔etiquette - ✔✔the customary mannerisms consumers use in common social
situations
✔✔Globish - ✔✔the simplified form of English that reduces the vocabulary to around
1,500 words and eliminates grammatical complications
✔✔glocalization - ✔✔the idea that the marketing strategy may be global but the
implementation of that strategy should be local
✔✔metric equivalence - ✔✔the statistical tests used to validate the way people use
numbers to represent quantities across cultures
,✔✔modeling - ✔✔the process of imitating others' behavior; a form of observational
learning
✔✔nonverbal communication - ✔✔the information passed through some nonverbal act
✔✔quartet of institutions - ✔✔the four groups responsible for communicating the CSVs
through both formal and informal processes: family, school, church, and media
✔✔shaping - ✔✔a socialization process by which consumers' behaviors slowly adapt to
a culture through a series of rewards and sanctions
✔✔translational equivalence - ✔✔the two phrases share the same precise meaning in
two different cultures
✔✔verbal communication - ✔✔the transfer of information through either the literal
spoken or written word
✔✔age-based microculture - ✔✔the concept that people of the same age end up
sharing many of the same values and developing similar consumer preferences
✔✔bicultural - ✔✔a term used to describe immigrants as they face decisions and form
preferences based on their old or new cultures
✔✔cognitive structuring - ✔✔the reliance on schema-based heuristics in making
decisions
✔✔cohort - ✔✔a group of people who have lived the same major experiences in their
lives
✔✔demographic analysis - ✔✔a profile of a consumer group based on their
demographics
✔✔divergence - ✔✔a situation in which consumers choose membership in
microcultures in an effort to stand out or define themselves from the crowd
✔✔habitus - ✔✔mental and cognitive structures through which individuals perceive the
world based largely on their standing in a social class
✔✔homogamy - ✔✔the finding that most marriages comprise people from similar social
classes
✔✔income level - ✔✔a demographic based on the amount of monetary resources a
person receives periodically (usually measured per year)
, ✔✔microculture - ✔✔a group of people who share similar values and tastes that are
subsumed within a larger culture
✔✔role conflict - ✔✔a situation involving conflicting expectations based on cultural role
expectations
✔✔sex roles - ✔✔the societal expectations for men (i.e., biologically male) and women
(i.e., biologically female) among members of a cultural group
✔✔social class - ✔✔a culturally defined group to which a consumer belongs based on
resources like prestige, income, occupation, and education
✔✔social stratification - ✔✔the division of society into classes that have unequal access
to scarce and valuable resources
✔✔status symbols - ✔✔the products or objects that are used to signal one's place in
society
✔✔stigmatization - ✔✔a situation in which consumers are marked in some way that is
typically not flattering and indicates their place in society
✔✔world teen culture - ✔✔the speculation that teenagers around the world are more
similar to each other than to people from other generations in the same culture
✔✔acquisitional shopping - ✔✔the activities oriented toward a specific, intended
purchase or purchases
✔✔advertiming - ✔✔the ad buys that include a schedule that runs the advertisement
primarily at times when customers will be most receptive to the message
✔✔affective quality - ✔✔the retail positioning that emphasizes a unique environment,
exciting décor, friendly employees, and, in general, the feelings experienced in a retail
place
✔✔circadian rhythm - ✔✔cycle (level of energy) of the human body that varies within a
24-hour period
✔✔customer journey - ✔✔the series of consumer touchpoints with a brand/firm that
comprise a single consumption episode
✔✔discretionary (spare) time - ✔✔the days, hours, or minutes that are not obligated
toward some compulsory and time-consuming activity
