STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE BODY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)KEVIN T. PATTON; GARY
A. THIBODEAU
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Levels of
Organization
Question stem: A patient with a full-thickness skin burn has lost
the epidermis and part of the dermis; the wound is being
treated to reestablish structural integrity and barrier function.
Which level of biological organization is primarily responsible
for repairing the extracellular matrix and restoring tensile
strength of the injured region?
Options:
,A. Molecular/biochemical level (macromolecules)
B. Cellular level (fibroblasts and keratinocytes)
C. Tissue level (collagen-rich connective tissue)
D. Organ system level (integumentary interactions)
Correct answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): Repair of extracellular matrix and restoration
of tensile strength are tissue-level processes because they
involve reformation of organized connective tissue
architecture (collagen deposition, alignment of fibers) that
re-establishes tissue mechanical properties. Clinically,
nurses monitor wound strength and dressing changes that
support tissue-level repair.
• Incorrect (A): Molecular processes (e.g., collagen
synthesis) are essential but they operate within cells to
rebuild tissue; the primary functional restoration—
mechanical strength—is a tissue-level outcome.
• Incorrect (B): Fibroblasts (cells) perform collagen synthesis,
but the clinical endpoint asked (tensile strength and
organized ECM) describes the tissue level rather than
single-cell activity.
• Incorrect (D): Organ system interactions (integumentary
plus immune) influence healing but are broader than the
specific structural reconstitution of the connective tissue.
Teaching point: Tissue-level organization restores
structural strength after injury.
, Citation: Patton, K. T., & Thibodeau, G. A. (2020). Structure
& function of the body (16th ed.). Ch. 1.
Q2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Anatomical
Position & Directions
Question stem: A new nursing student documents a patient as
“anatomical position: standing, palms posterior.” A supervising
nurse corrects the student. Which correction is most
appropriate and why?
Options:
A. “Palms should face anteriorly; anatomical position uses
palms forward to standardize directional terms.”
B. “Palms should face medially toward the body midline for
consistency with anatomical terms.”
C. “Palms can be either anterior or posterior; both are
acceptable as long as body is erect.”
D. “Palms should be in a fist for a neutral anatomical reference.”
Correct answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): The anatomical position is standardized: body
erect, feet forward, arms at sides, palms facing anterior
(forward). This orientation fixes directional terminology
(anterior/posterior, medial/lateral) for clear clinical
documentation and examination.
, • Incorrect (B): Palms facing medially is not part of the
anatomical position; medial/lateral describe relation to the
midline, not palm orientation.
• Incorrect (C): Palms posterior would change the reference
orientation and create ambiguity; anatomical position is
specific, not flexible.
• Incorrect (D): Fist position is not standard and would
impair consistent use of directional terms.
Teaching point: Anatomical position = erect, palms facing
anterior to standardize directional terms.
Citation: Patton, K. T., & Thibodeau, G. A. (2020). Structure
& function of the body (16th ed.). Ch. 1.
Q3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Planes of the
Body & Medical Imaging
Question stem: A trauma patient undergoes imaging after a
suspected liver laceration. The radiology report describes the
lesion best seen on a coronal reconstruction. Which anatomic
division does a coronal plane separate, and which clinical view
does it provide for the nurse assessing surface landmarks?
Options:
A. Coronal separates anterior from posterior; shows front-to-
back relationships for surface landmarking.
B. Coronal separates superior from inferior; shows head-to-toe
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)KEVIN T. PATTON; GARY
A. THIBODEAU
TEST BANK
Q1
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Levels of
Organization
Question stem: A patient with a full-thickness skin burn has lost
the epidermis and part of the dermis; the wound is being
treated to reestablish structural integrity and barrier function.
Which level of biological organization is primarily responsible
for repairing the extracellular matrix and restoring tensile
strength of the injured region?
Options:
,A. Molecular/biochemical level (macromolecules)
B. Cellular level (fibroblasts and keratinocytes)
C. Tissue level (collagen-rich connective tissue)
D. Organ system level (integumentary interactions)
Correct answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct (C): Repair of extracellular matrix and restoration
of tensile strength are tissue-level processes because they
involve reformation of organized connective tissue
architecture (collagen deposition, alignment of fibers) that
re-establishes tissue mechanical properties. Clinically,
nurses monitor wound strength and dressing changes that
support tissue-level repair.
• Incorrect (A): Molecular processes (e.g., collagen
synthesis) are essential but they operate within cells to
rebuild tissue; the primary functional restoration—
mechanical strength—is a tissue-level outcome.
• Incorrect (B): Fibroblasts (cells) perform collagen synthesis,
but the clinical endpoint asked (tensile strength and
organized ECM) describes the tissue level rather than
single-cell activity.
• Incorrect (D): Organ system interactions (integumentary
plus immune) influence healing but are broader than the
specific structural reconstitution of the connective tissue.
Teaching point: Tissue-level organization restores
structural strength after injury.
, Citation: Patton, K. T., & Thibodeau, G. A. (2020). Structure
& function of the body (16th ed.). Ch. 1.
Q2
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Anatomical
Position & Directions
Question stem: A new nursing student documents a patient as
“anatomical position: standing, palms posterior.” A supervising
nurse corrects the student. Which correction is most
appropriate and why?
Options:
A. “Palms should face anteriorly; anatomical position uses
palms forward to standardize directional terms.”
B. “Palms should face medially toward the body midline for
consistency with anatomical terms.”
C. “Palms can be either anterior or posterior; both are
acceptable as long as body is erect.”
D. “Palms should be in a fist for a neutral anatomical reference.”
Correct answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): The anatomical position is standardized: body
erect, feet forward, arms at sides, palms facing anterior
(forward). This orientation fixes directional terminology
(anterior/posterior, medial/lateral) for clear clinical
documentation and examination.
, • Incorrect (B): Palms facing medially is not part of the
anatomical position; medial/lateral describe relation to the
midline, not palm orientation.
• Incorrect (C): Palms posterior would change the reference
orientation and create ambiguity; anatomical position is
specific, not flexible.
• Incorrect (D): Fist position is not standard and would
impair consistent use of directional terms.
Teaching point: Anatomical position = erect, palms facing
anterior to standardize directional terms.
Citation: Patton, K. T., & Thibodeau, G. A. (2020). Structure
& function of the body (16th ed.). Ch. 1.
Q3
Reference: Ch. 1 — Introduction to the Body — Planes of the
Body & Medical Imaging
Question stem: A trauma patient undergoes imaging after a
suspected liver laceration. The radiology report describes the
lesion best seen on a coronal reconstruction. Which anatomic
division does a coronal plane separate, and which clinical view
does it provide for the nurse assessing surface landmarks?
Options:
A. Coronal separates anterior from posterior; shows front-to-
back relationships for surface landmarking.
B. Coronal separates superior from inferior; shows head-to-toe
